The purpose of this experiment is to analyze the nature of the resistance of motion by static and kinetic friction. First, the maximum static friction force is attained through a system comprised of a mass hanging from a string nestled on a pulley and attached to a block and force sensor. Secondly, a block is moved at constant velocity to determine what force in the positive direction will match the force of kinetic friction in the opposite direction. Thirdly, data is collected from an accelerating block in order to calculate net force on the body, including the kinetic friction force. All of these experiments are tested with friction between cork and wood and then rubber and wood. For part one, the coefficients of static friction were determined …show more content…
It is present when two surfaces come into some contact with one another and it opposes the motion between the surfaces. There are two types of friction, kinetic and static, which are both studied in the following experiment. Static friction hinders motion between two surfaces so that one is not moving in relation to the other. This lack of relative motion is due to the force of static friction equating the opposite and parallel applied force. If the applied force is increased continuously, it will eventually reach some value that enables it to overcome the force of static friction. This means that force of static friction between two surfaces as a maximum value that can be derived via the following …show more content…
Newton’s second law explains that the sum of forces is equivalent to the product of the mass and the net acceleration. Because forces are vectors, in problems with two dimensions, the summation can be broken up into the next force in the x-direction and the net force in the y-direction. For forces that are neither parallel nor perpendicular to the x-axis, trigonometry can be used to break vectors into this parallel or perpendicular composites.
The principles of kinetic friction and Newton’s second law can be used to find the coefficient of kinetic friction from part 2 of the experiment. The summation of the forces in the sis equal to zero because the block in moving at constant velocity. Therefore, the dragging force measured in the experiment must be equivalent to the force of kinetic friction by Newton’s second law since the forces are in opposite directions. The coefficient of kinetic friction can be solved for via the following equation:
[4] μk =
In order to begin their outdoor adventure, a skier must first face the forces of static friction. Static friction is the force that keeps the skier at rest. As the skier overcomes the static friction there is a point where the coefficient of friction is greater than that of the kinetic friction that resists the skiers motion. It is clear to see this concept in the figure below.
The coefficient of friction is a unit less ratio of the force of friction to the normal force. The real value for the coefficient is often determined experimentally....
Enhanced Basal Creep - Stress concentrations around the upstream side of an obstacle result in locally high strain rates which causes ice to accelerate around the obstacle. The basal ice continually modifies its shape to allow a continued sliding. This process works best when the obstacle is over 1m in size.
Biomechanics is the overall topic that will be discussed throughout the presentation, this incorporates a brief discussion about water resistance, propulsion and buoyancy. Under lifesaving, appropriate techniques and the choice of stroke for the Timed Tow will be analyzed and justified.
Newtons second law can be indentified more easily using the equation F=ma. This is an equation that is very familiar to those of us that wish to do well in any physics class! This equation tells us many things. First it tells us the net force that is being exerted on an object, but it also tells us the acceleration of that object as well as its mass. The force on an object is measured in Newtons (I wonder where they got that from). One Newton is equal to one (kg)(m)/s^2. For example, if superman pushes on a 10,000kg truck and it is moving at a rate of 2m/s^2, then the force that superman is exerting on the truck is 20,000N. For those of us that wish to move on in the field of physics, Newtons second law (F=ma) will forever haunt us!
The distances on the inclined plane (s1 = 1.5m) and tabletop (s2 = 4.0m) were chosen to make the error margin smaller. By making these distances longer, the affect of friction was larger; however this effect is relatively small. Shorter distances would have resulted in large error margins; therefore it was beneficial to have longer inclined plane and tabletop distances.
Prompt: Define Newton’s Third Law, give three effects of it, and create an experiment designed to explore one aspect of it.
In the experiment these materials were used in the following ways. A piece of Veneer wood was used as the surface to pull the object over. Placed on top of this was a rectangular wood block weighing 0.148-kg (1.45 N/ 9.80 m/s/s). A string was attached to the wood block and then a loop was made at the end of the string so a Newton scale could be attached to determine the force. The block was placed on the Veneer and drug for about 0.6 m at a constant speed to determine the force needed to pull the block at a constant speed. The force was read off of the Newton scale, this was difficult because the scale was in motion pulling the object. To increase the mass weights were placed on the top of the ...
The file labeled “Newton’s 2nd Law” is to be opened. The cart’s mass along with the attachment of the sensor and the accelerometer are to be measured and recorded. Being carefully verified in order, the track is leveled and the Force Sensor is set to 10N and connected to...
When it comes to cars, there are plenty of safety features incorporated by manufactures to ensure a smooth and safe ride. Some of these features seat belts, airbags, and antilock brakes. Nowadays, there have been great improvements to technology within cars to aid in the avoidance of collisions altogether. Examples of these technologies include blind spot detection, backup cameras, 360-degree cameras, and autonomous driving. Many of these newer safety features are there to avoid collisions. However, whenever a collision does occur, there is not much there to protect passengers in the rear of the car. Looking into this, there is evidence that shows that rear passengers do obtain injuries in collisions and pose the threat of contributing to others injuries. So, why are rear passenger airbags not standard in your vehicle?
We ran into Newtons First Law, which claims that an object resists change in motion, as the marble rolled down the floor it didn’t stop until it was acted against by friction. As we moved on, Newtons Second Law came into play when we were creating our lever as we need a ball that would roll down with enough acceleration that it could knock down the objects. Newton’s second law claims, that F=MA. So, we choose a golf ball since it would have more mass than a rubber ball, but it would have less acceleration when the lever was started. This way, it would knock the upcoming objects. Newtons Third Law claims that every action yields an equal and opposite reaction. This is proven in our Rube Goldberg Machine when the small car was rolling down the tracks as the wheels pushes against the track making the track move backwards. The track provides an equal and opposite direction by pushing the wheels forward.
This law is also often called “Inertia”. Inis the tendency for an object to resist the change in motion. Like, if you are moving and nothing happens to you, then you will keep moving. Forever. If nothing is happening to, and nothing is trying to put any type of force on you then nothing will happen .Forever. (Newton’s Three) There is a limit that must be met in order for the first law to be suitable to any given motion. The limit is represented by the phrase "... unless acted upon by an unbalanced force." As the long as the forces are balanced - the first law of motion
In the first Unit of class we talked about motion in one dimension, but in this unit we talked about motion two dimensional. One example of a two dimensional motion is projectile motion. Projectile motion is when an object has an initial force that is applied to it to begin its motion. After the object starts its motion there is no longer a force that is being applied. At this point in time The only two forces that are acting on the object the first one and that largest one is gravity. The second force is normally neglected, when doing a projectile calculation. This small force is air resistance and causes the object
The acceleration of a body or object is directly proportional to the net force acting on the body or object and is inversely proportional to its mass. (F=ma)(Newman)
Sir Isaac Newton is the man well known for his discoveries around the term, Motion. He came up with three basic ideas, called Newton’s three laws of motion.