The Relations of the United States and the United Nations
The history of the US’s relationship with the UN is complex, seeming to vacillate between warm cooperation and abject disdain as the national interests of the US and the rest of the world, and the short- and long-term interests of the US itself, align or oppose each other. The UN was originally the vision of US president Franklin Roosevelt and the product of US State Department planning and diplomacy. It was designed to forward the national interests of its strongest members, the P-5, to reflect and channel the geopolitical power structure rather than twist it into an unnatural and unsustainable hierarchy of weak nations trying to dominate strong. Because the Charter is based in a realist view of the world, during the Cold War, when the national interests of the two world powers diverged, the UN was paralyzed to deal with any of the world’s conflicts. When the Cold War ended it gave rise to the first war that should have been authorized by the Security Council—the Persian Gulf War from later 1990 to early 1991. Many hoped for a “new world order” after the success of the Gulf War, but the interests of the US and the rest of the world, primarily the rest of the members of the Security Council, soon divided again. Today, the world is still struggling to cope with the blow dealt to the UN by the US’s use of force in Iraq, including the US, which has not even begun to feel the long-term negative effects of its unilateralism. However, the war in Iraq could have been less detrimental to the UN and the US in particular, and by extension to the rest of the world, if the US had argued that it was acting to uphold resolution 1441 under the authorization of the Security Cou...
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...Furthermore, by offering a little more of its power to the world, the US would appear to bind its hands and encourage cooperation in future operations. The US will not be the world’s strongest power forever, and it would be wise to invest some of its power today in strong norms and international laws that future countries, like China for example, would be bound to follow in the future. The UN is “a theatre of realpolitik where members (the powerful ones, in particular) pursue their own interests.” Over the past sixty years of its existence, it has remained the same picture of the world that it reflected in 1945, but the world has drifted away from this picture. For the UN to regain its effectiveness, especially after the war in Iraq, it must reform. The true test of President Roosevelt’s vision for global peace and security is whether change is possible today.
The Pantheon in Rome and the Parthenon in Athens are 2 very influential structures and architectural breakthrough milestones in the history of humanity. They have inspired designers and architects of all generations since their erection and continue to draw visitors to admire and study their majestic natures.
In the time of Ancient Greece, the Parthenon was the epitome of all Greek temples, possessing desired traits from hut-like temples, the Temple of Zeus at Olympia, and other temples. All the column styles were established in 6th century BCE, but the styles were named afterwards (Spawforth 62). The chief column styles of Greek temple building were Doric and Ionic, and they were named in the 5th century BCE (Spawforth 62). The Corinthian column style was named in the 4th century BCE (Spawforth 62). Doric columns from the 4th century BCE are skinnier than the 6th century BCE columns (Spawforth 62). The “Aeolic” column, related to the Ionic column, was developed by the Aeolian Greeks (Spawforth 62). The Ionic and Aeolic columns has scrolls at the top, but only the Aeolic column’s scrolls spring outwards in a vertical direction, making it unique from the Ionic column (Spawforth 62). The Doric columns were created by the Dorians; the Ionic columns were created by the Ionians (Jenkins 15, 17). Each column consists of a column, base, shaft, capital, and entablature. The entablature consists of the architrave, frieze, and cornice (Summerson). The Romans used columns as ornaments, but the Greeks used the columns for structural stability (Summerson). The Parthenon was a Doric temple (Spawforth 64). The Parthenon was the centerpiece of acropolis renewal (Jenkins 76). The marble is from Mount Pendelikon (Jenkins 76). The Parthenon is a culmination of long tradition (Jenkins 28). The Parthenon is the Romantic Symbol of a cultural age; it is viewed with great fondness and nostalgia in the Western civilizations’ cultural memory (Nardo 12). The Parthenon is not at ground level; it stands on a three step stylobate (Corbett). In the 6th century, the ...
From the Egyptians to Romans, architecture achievements of the ancient world have left a huge impression on todays modern world. They all have left a tremendous impression on modern civilizations. There are numerous architectural monuments to write about. In this essay I will be discussing about the Pantheon and Colosseum, the famous architectural buildings of the Roman Civilization. I will discuss the history, significance, and analyze the qualities of the architecture.
The eastern timber wolfs scientific name is Canis lupus lycaon. It is a sub-species of the Canis lupis, or Gray Wolf. Its taxonomic group is the mammal, and it is a part of the canine family. The eastern timber wolves are the largest of the canine family. Its height is from 26 to 32 inches at the shoulders. They can be 5-6.5 ft. long, and can weigh between 55-115 lbs. Eastern timber wolves come in a variety of colors. The most common are gray, black and white.
In this essay, I would review the style and function of two buildings; Parthenon and Pantheon. And secondly, I would compare the similarities and differences between Parthenon, temple in ancient Greece and Pantheon, temple in Rome.
After a victory, the United States needed cheerful music to dance to and celebrate with. Again after World War Two Jazz music was used again to boost moral of the country. “The end of the war and the close of the big band era caused the orchestra to struggle with many personnel changes, but Ellington's royalty money kept the band on the road and by the early 1950s the band was back in top form.”(Blues and Jazz) The Great Depression had negative impacts to jazz, similar to the way that Jim Crow laws affected Jazz. The Great Depression caused African Americans to be put out of work even more. “While whites in the jazz music industry got rich, black musicians did not reap equal benefits. The industry caused a great deal of exploitation and discrimination by whites against blacks”(Phillips). Ellington was so successful as a African American musician because he catered to the white style of Jazz music. Ellington combined “smooth dance music with impulsive improvisation, creating a polished, yet popular sound”(American Jazz Culture in the 1920s) that would appeal to the large white
Hagia Sophia is a masterpiece architectural and monument for Byzantine Empire. It was construction in 537AD until 1453. Hagia Sophia means “holy wisdom,” and currently is a museum at the Turkish Republic. The Pantheon is the most representative and best-preserved building from ancient Rome and was completed by the patron Hadrian in about c. 125 CE. Pantheon means "common to all the gods”, which is originated from Ancient Greek “Pantheion”. The Pantheon is currently a church, in Rome, Italy. Although the Church of Hagia Sophia and The Pantheon are both function as church in a period of time, and they both build heavenly and honor to God, but there are many
The Parthenon and Pantheon are well known structures during their time. The Parthenon is an epitome of the Greek's magnificent architecture and the Pantheon shows how the Roman architecture is both similar and different to that of the
Temples have been built for centuries in dedication to gods for worship and ceremonies. The Greek temples started as simple structures with columns and a porch, and evolved to elaborate sanctuaries. The most famous and well known is the Parthenon. The architects adjusted some elements in temples to make them “appear” perfect to they eye. They curved the entablature upward to avoid the optical illusion of a sag. The columns were made to “swell” in the middle (entasis) reducing the space between the columns which “strengthened the corners.” Elaborate sculptures were once displayed in temples but have since been removed. Three elevation designs called “orders” were developed over time. The three orders are named Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. All
UN is the most influential and credible organization in the world to deal with any security issues of the world. “The global reach and intergovernmental character of the UN give it considerable influence” Membership of all independent states automatically makes it credible third party and mediator in any conflict. Besides, UN with its functional agencies such as: UNICEF, UNHCR, UNDP, WFP, WHO etc. conduct various programmes for the betterment of the world which further enhance its credibility. Though UN is not out of controversy, but there is no alternative available for the world community. The regional organizations such as: NATO, African Union etc. sometimes take lead role in mitigating conflicts, but their credibility in the eyes of the world is no match with that of
The Parthenon may be one of the greatest architectural achievements by the Athenians in Athens. Athens was one of many Greeks city-state, In the 5th Century Athens was the most powerful city-state. This precinct becomes a sacred one rather than a defensive one. This building has had tremendous influence because it’s the birthplace of democracy and it’s extraordinary architectural refinement. Since it was the birthplace of Democracy a series of reforms that allowed more and more people
The Parthenon was a temple, constructed in ancient Athens to “replace two other temples” used to worship the Greek God Athena. It also housed the treasury. It was constructed in “Doric” style, with a “rectangular floor plan”, surrounded by columns. There were two rooms. A large one that had a
“Temples dedicated to a god or goddess were the major buildings of Greek society.” (--) They were designed to serve as homes for the gods of that particular community. The people believed that the gods had a major control over certain elements around them, so they thought it was best to keep the gods happy and pleased. They wanted them to feel at home. Each temple had a statue of the god or goddess that lived there. In the past, the statues were made out of wood. However, as time evolved, the statues were created with different materials, such as stone or cast bronze. The finest statues were made of a combination of gold and ivory, which was Zeus’s and Athena’s statues. The statue of Zeus is considered one of the seven wonders of the world. The design of the temple was inspired by a look of nature. To keep the temples beautiful, private groups and individuals were encouraged to contribute donations. Although many people were involved in the process of building the temple and maintaining the upkeep, only priests were allowed to enter the temple to perform special
Finally, the Parthenon and the Pantheon are both a remarkable structures in both Greek and Roman civilization, the two temples have many notable differences and similarities that show the connection between the two civilization; the Greek civilization and the Roman civilization. The similarities and differences between the two temples also show that any civilization borrows some characteristics from the earlier civilization and know their faults and try not to make it in their buildings and in many other fields not only in the architectural
Often when you mention the UN, nearly you are about to mention the US. A lot is shared between this country and this international institution. The commonality range from the way the way the UN was formed to the way it is governed today. Since the time the UN was established, the US has been having notable influence on the operations of the UN. A lot can be attributed to this aspect, but among those, it is important to mention that America’s budget support for the UN cannot be underscored by anybody. Statistically, the US supports 25% of the UN’s budget and this gesture clearly communicates how committed the US is to the affairs of the UN. America, though indirectly, commands the world and through the UN, it effectively accomplishes this goal. America is the superpower and that is not negotiable. America led to the formation of the UN and hence the UN leans a lot on the US. Nevertheless, times have changed and radicalism is shaping the way the future will be managed. Many people, or rather countries are compelling the magnitude of the influence America has in the running of the UN. They question the valid of the aspect of inclusion in the management and decision making process of the UN. Generally, the UN is ought to take account of all the nation’s opinions and promote unity. The poor countries have a feeling that their opinion is of no any effect in the world’s governing body, the UN, and hence are inputting all efforts possible to ensure that this phenomenon is eliminated. Normally, the UN is governed using democratic principles and voting is used to ultimately making the final decisions. However, America stands a chance to willingly give in to the demands of these countries or to state her case vehemently through facts that co...