The Benefits and Disbenefits of Health Screening and the Contribution of Psychology in Health Screening.
Health screening, according to Durojaiye, (2009), is a systematic application of a test or inquiry to identify individuals at risk of a specific health problem. This enables further investigation or direct preventive action, among individuals who have not sought medical attention on account of their symptoms of that problem. The main aim of screening program therefore is to detect disease or risk factors among the general population, in order to carry out preventive, or therapeutic intervention because the highest benefit one can derive from a specific treatment is when the disease is less advanced (Wardle & Pope, 1992). Screening is different to diagnosis as it is performed on people without symptoms; it does not provide a diagnosis but rather identifies individuals at increased risk for follow-up diagnostic testing (Trevena2009).
There are a number of benefits expected from health screening and much research has shown the benefits that health screening provides to the health sector. However, in recent years research is emerging with the agenda of opportunity cost of health screening. As result many scholars have indicated that there is a significant number of disadvantages associated with heath screening. This essay explores the benefits and dis-benefits of health screening, and highlights the contribution of psychology to health screening.
Wardle & Pope (1992) claimed that evaluating the benefits of health screening can be very difficult. This is primarily due to the fact that premature death from chronic diseases, fore example breast and cervical cancer, is comparatively rare and con...
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...ures are applied when they are most effective. Most of the disadvantages of health screening lie on the psychological aspect of the individual and the anxiety that it creates. The other disadvantages are the misconception it creates for individuals especially those with negative result and the alteration of health behavior that people develop because of screening. Most researchers agree that the screening process should be implemented only if the benefits out weigh the dis benefits. Research shows that, psychology plays an enormous role in reducing the distresses created by health screening. The major psychological methods of dealing with the stresses due to health screening are assumed to be coping strategies that involves teaching simple strategies to bring about emotional regulation and cognitive behavioral methods that involve changing irrational beliefs.
Note that the introduction of screening may produce short-term rises (AIHW, Cancer incidence projections) due to greater detection.
Researches who interview people and perhaps particularly women, need an awareness and a sensitivity to the fact that, although a subject may have agreed to take part in a study, it cannot be known for certain, what that interview will uncover (or) give rise to.
Genetic Screening is a medical test that examines ones DNA. It can find mutations in chromosomes, genes, and proteins. These tests can confirm or refute a suspected genetic condition that could become a serious problem for one in the future. They can also help figure out a persons probability of getting certain diseases or sicknesses like cancer or diabetes. ( What is Genetic Testing?, para 1) There is also carrier testing which can be used to see what diseases couples may carry before having children. (What are the benefits of genetic testing? Para 1)
When it comes to genetic diseases and conditions, testing can be very helpful and serve a good purpose. People with diseases that are inheritable to their children are encouraged to be tested. For example, in the article about Jewish testing, it says
Within the past thirty years, researchers have found strong evidence linking genes and disease. The development of predictive genetic tests followed shortly after the isolation of certain candidate genes. Although predictive genetic screening is only available for a handful of diseases, its effects and ramifications have become hotly debated issues in a wide range of areas, from government to religion. The debate began in the 1993 when researchers isolated the BRCA1 gene, which is associated with increased risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer. The discovery of this gene led to excitement and speculation of developing a predictive genetic test to identify those women at risk for these cancers. In this paper, I will first describe the biology of genetic testing, and then discuss the pros and cons of predictive genetic testing.
a. Describe and discuss two common biases that may be observed or experienced in a healthcare setting and (Minimum 100 words original words only. Check your work for spelling, grammar, and punctuation prior to posting).
We have already seen numerous changes in the field of psychology, and these have yielded new opportunities and roles for psychologists not to mention the added benefits and new comprehensive services presented to the public. In his publication titled, Responding to Society’s Needs: Prescription Privileges for Psychologists, in the Journal Of Clinical Psychology, Norfleet urges the need for this continued trend in our future, and strongly advocates the need for prescription privileges to be a part of the equation. The author clearly lays out the importance of this advancement in the field of psychology by stress...
Trying to understand the healthy minded and its implications on the individual in a healthy way is important to understand the thoughts of individuals and how they can either be manipulated or changed. These thoughts can cause a individual a significant amount of harm and frustration throughout their lives. It is in a psychologist best interest to research and understand these thoughts and behaviors and use the most strategic way of changing them. This is a very good way of understanding some of these thoughts processes that individuals go through and change as they grow and adapt to the world. If there are better ways of thinking and if they can be helped it is a psychologist duty to try and implement it into society for us to be better as a whole.
I am a 19-year-old female college student who is 5’4” (64 in) tall and weigh 133 lbs (59.85kg) with a BMI of 23.37 kg•m-2. My doctor never told me that I had any heart or respiratory condition. I do not have diabetes, I never had a stroke or heart attack, and I do not have asthma. My physical condition is good; I do not have any bones or joints that will get worse from me performing any form of physical activity.
There are a number of benefits expected from health screening and much research has shown the benefits that health screening provides to the health sector. However, in recent years research is emerging with the agenda of opportunity cost of health screening. As result many scholars have indicated that there is a significant number of disadvantages associated with heath screening. This essay explores the benefits and dis-benefits of health screening, and highlights the contribution of psychology to health screening.
To limit the need for recall itself it would be more desirable to depend on scientific data, as is the most obvious choice. However, research does not provide us with this luxury. Thus, one method to restrict or rule out recall bias is the use of actual exposure status verified through unbiased records (RAPHAEL, 1987). Although this method is most limited as it depends on the unbiased records made available in studies. The initial formatting of questionnaires is another consideration to insure research accuracy and validity scale. A popular form is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory used in studies eliciting self-report responses (RAPHAEL, 1987). The MMPI has demonstrated successful outcomes and limited recall bias with an analytical approach to cross sectional studies. As assertive measurements to evaluate recall bias are in place, ...
Genetic testing, also known as screening, is a rapidly advancing new scientific field that can potentially revolutionize not only the world of medicine, but many aspects of our lives. Genetic screening is the sequencing of human DNA in order to discover genetic differences, anomalies, or mutations that may prove pathological. As genetic screening becomes more advanced and easily accessible, it presents society with difficult questions that must be asked about the boundaries of science and to what degree we are allowed to tamper with the human genome. To better understand the potential impact of genetic screening on our society, we must examine the potential benefits in comparison to the possible negative impact it may cause. With this knowledge in hand, we can examine what the future holds for this field of study and the best possible direction to take.
... prone to the illness. The role that psychology has played and continues to play, is that of psychological awareness that only the individual can control the outcome, once the process has taken place. The individual person can then control how to continue the journey to recovery.
As explained by Loghmani, Borhani, & Abbaszadeh, (2014), to establish the specific health conditions of a given family, a family health assessment is important to be performed. In addition, this procedure gives the nurse and other health care practitioners the ability to identify the health needs of the family. Therefore, through this process the nurse achieves the opportunity to communicate with the family, examine to detect potential risks for any health issues, get opportunities for health education, and provide health. Moreover, for the nurse to effectively succeed in this assessment, the interview needs to be performed effectively, data piled appropriately, and the nurse completes the examination. Guided by the Gordon’s 11 functional health
Psychology has big role in my future career because I will be working with patients every day and I need to understand them and help them. Things I learned in this class are the most important things that helps me achieve my goals. If I understand basics of human behavior, I will better able to understand and treat patients. I want to understand my patient’s emotional needs and reactions in order to communicate with them. Most of all, I need them to trust me because patients who trust their doctors are more likely to open up with their symptoms and problems. For example: young patients may be more afraid than adults. They may have difficulties in understanding their illness. Doctor can apply his/her knowledge of child development and psychology and relate to the young patients in a way that is helpful for both of them. Moreover, it also helps me see how patients are describing their illnesses. Most of the patients describe their illness in a negative way and only few are optimistic. So psychology plays really big role in medical