It would be most ethical for Ming to recommend Modoxolin over Condoitin when applying utilitarianism theory to the given circumstance.
Recommending Modoxolin would inflict guilt on Ming through the knowledge that he will be intentionally manipulating the less educated for monetary gain. Ming however will have conflicting morals from this decision due to the understanding that recommending Modoxolin will be greatly beneficial for his wife and child with no risk of legal repercussions or job loss.
Ming’s wife and child will vastly benefit with the recommendation of Modoxolin as this will allow the wife to get the education required to generate income while still fulfilling her role as the primary caregiver to their son. They would have no knowledge
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The 100 elderly patients receiving this medication will not understand the immoralities surrounding the recommendation of Modoxolin however will sustain additional financial consequences and thereby slight unhappiness from the recommendation of Modoxolin. Condoitin however would still provide them with the necessary health benefits while avoiding any additional impact to their wealth which would generate large amounts of happiness.
The recommendation of Modoxolin will assist in funding future store renovations which will ultimately generate a better experience for customers. The recommendation of Condoitin would see no change to the store and therefore generate no additional happiness or unhappiness for the customers.
Given this analysis through the application of Utilitarianism ethics, Ming should recommend Modoxolin as instructed by his boss.
Kantian
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Virtue Ethics
Physical pleasures is a context of Aristotle’s moral virtues which contains the virtue of self-control. In this given context the virtue of self-control is defined as “knowing when and where to enjoy oneself” (Fisher, 2003). In order to achieve this virtue a person must not be indifferent while avoiding greed.
Ming is not indifferent as he is capable of recognising the joys that could eventuate from the choice to recommend Modoxolin. This recommendation however could be interpreted as greed due to his decision-making being driven by the desire to sustain and generate wealth for his own benefit.
From this evidence it can be derived that a virtuous person would continue to recommend Condoitin despite their recognition and understanding of the consequences that could eventuate from it. In doing so this person is able to recognise what they are sacrificing while not allowing solely personal motives to drive their
Despite the obvious health risks, in February of 2005, government advisers concluded that the benefits of Vioxx outweighed the dangers and that it was the patients decision whether or not to keep using the drugs. They stated that the prescription products should ...
The author explains how randomized clinical trials put physicians in ethically intolerable positions of choosing between the good of the patient and that of society. A kantian argument is formed when the author explains how the physician has the duty to tell the truth and not use the patient as a mere means to satisfy the needs of a majority. The well being of the patient is far more important than that of the society when it comes to treatment by personal physician, the Author suggests that there should be alternatives to randomized clinical trials to deal with observer bias and patient selection. The overall message of the article stresses the importance of a patient’s well being over the well being of a society because the physician has the duty to help the patient improve his/her health.
...ht to select the approach that is to the greatest advantage of the patient. Conceivably, there might be some strategy that sound individuals might pick, and Brock imagines that the surrogate ought to select it. Then again, sensible individuals could differ about what sorts of medications they might like, given that they have distinctive qualities and inclination structures. Therefore, engages best investment are conceivably tricky, which is the reason we might would like to determination the issue with one of the initial two methodologies.
Many argue against Gold and Lichtenberg’s beliefs. Others believe that giving the patient a placebo is denying them of a “real” treatment and that it “is unethical, if not illegal.”1 Many people also believe tha...
Patient consent is the law. Even though the test can provide unsatisfactory results they cannot anticipate the way the drugs will affect the present. This could lead to one patient favoring one treatment over another. The problem that comes from specific informed consent cannot be addressed solely by demanding more rigorous standard for research (Truog et al. 1999).
Hursthouse, R. (2003, July 18). Virtue Ethics. Stanford University. Retrieved March 6, 2014, from http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2013/entries/ethics-virtue
An advanced practice nurse (APN), will be faced with different types of ethical-legal dilemmas that in most cases will require the APN to make urgent decisions that will include both moral and ethical attention. Ethical dilemmas are conditions that have to scenarios course of actions to take that will contradict each other (Westrick, 2014, pp 258-265). The APN will have to choose between the two urgent decisions because each of these choices is deemed to be equally right and urgent. This is the reason that makes dealing with ethical-dilemmas very stressful for the APN and other experienced caregivers involved. It is very noteworthy that an APN has many medical responsibilities to provide care, and are also in the position to make urgent medical decisions that is independent because of being the person in authority at that time. Many of the existing ethical dilemmas will fall in with a variety of treatment withdrawal vs maintenance, the quality of life vs the quantity of life, euthanasia vs non-euthanasia, and pro-choice vs pro-life (Westrick, 2014b, pp.77-83).
Tweddle, F. (2009). Covert medication in older adults who lack decision-making capacity. British Journal of Nursing, 18(15), 936-939. Retrieved from https://login.athena.rrc.mb.ca:2047/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=43777586&site=ehost-live
The ethical theory of utilitarianism has one basis, one must chose the action that will contribute to the greatest good; the greatest good for the greatest number. In any instance one may ask, which action will make the most people happy and how long? As a method
... to less healthy patients through negative cues. All could increase patients' dissatisfaction (Braunsberger and Gates, 2002).
Steinbock, Bonnie, Alex J. London, and John D. Arras. "Rule-Utilitarianism versus Act-Utilitarianism." Ethical Issues in Modern Medicine. Contemporary Readings in Bioethics. 8th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2013. 12. Print.
The Utilitarian Approach: the ethical decision should provides the greatest good for the greatest number;
Given the following scenario, that you are a doctor in an oncology ward in a major city that is strapped for financial and material resources. One evening, two patients are admitted to the hospital. One patient is suffering from a seemingly incurable form of cancer. She is an exemplary genetics researcher, who is launching a multi-year research project on malaria. You know that there is an experimental drug that you could prescribe to her that may help, but that there are significant risks to her health in trying this new medication on her. The second patient seemed to be well on his way to recovering his own bout with cancer, but this recent admission to the hospital makes his recovery less certain. You consider that he will likely recover if he receives the experimental drug and that he is unlikely to recover without the drug. He is an unsuccessful artist, has a family and regularly contributes large amounts of money to local charities. The only problem is that you have only one dose of the drug in the hospital. To obtain more doses, you would have to go through a multi-year approval process with the researchers who are testing the drug on a select group of patients. No one else has access to the experimental drug, and the researchers will not allow any new patients (besides the one that you choose) to
Critics to the idea of providing dying patients with lethal doses, fear that people will use this type those and kill others, “lack of supervision over the use of lethal drugs…risk that the drugs might be used for some other purpose”(Young 45). Young explains that another debate that has been going on within this issue is the distinction between killings patients and allowing them die. What people don’t understand is that it is not considered killing a patient if it’s the option they wished for. “If a dying patient requests help with dying because… he is … in intolerable burden, he should be benefited by a physician assisting him to die”(Young 119). Patients who are suffering from diseases that have no cure should be given the option to decide the timing and manner of their own death. Young explains that patients who are unlikely to benefit from the discovery of a cure, or with incurable medical conditions are individuals who should have access to either euthanasia or assisted suicide. Advocates agreeing to this method do understand that choosing death is a very serious matter, which is why it should not be settled in a moment. Therefore, if a patient and physician agree that a life must end and it has been discussed, and agreed, young concludes, “ if a patient asks his physician to end his life, that constitutes a request for
Central Idea: Prescription drugs can cause serious mental and physical health problems if they are taken incorrectly or abused.