The Popularity, Rarity and Symbolism of the Ruby Gem
The ruby has been admired by man throughout he ages. It has been coveted for it's
captivating color and rarity. It is made of surprisingly simple elements, and can be
found mostly in southern Asia. It has been a symbol of love since ancient times, and is
still highly prized and very expensive today.
The ruby is a made of corundum, which is a mineral form of aluminum oxide. It
comes in all shades of red, including pink. Sapphires are also made of corundum, and
include nearly all colors of the spectrum, (most famously blue), except of course for red.
The red color of the ruby is caused by trace amounts of the element chromium. Ruby
has a hardness of 9 on Mho's scale, making it the hardest mineral second only to
diamonds. This hardness makes it a very durably stone and therefore excellent for
jewelry. It may also be used in drills the same way a diamond is, or as an abrasive, but
it is actually much rarer than the diamond, and therefore more expensive, often making
this application rather impractical. Ruby forms a trigonal crystal system, and has no
cleavage but some basal parting. It's fracture is considered to be uneven to conchodial
and it's luster is glassy. If exposed to a high temperature, it will turn green, but regains
it's original color once it is cooled. When subjected to radiation or UV light, ruby
phosphoresces with a vivid red glow. One rare form of the ruby is the star ruby. The
property it exhibits (when cut properly) is called asterism. A six-rayed star can be seen
inside of the stone. The star is best visible when the stone is illuminated by a single
light source, and will move across the stone as the light is moved. This effect is caused
by light reflecting off of tiny rutile needles called "silk" which are oriented along the
crystal faces. These stones are very highly prized.
The most famous source of rubies is Burma, India, which is now called
Myanmar. These rubies tend to have a strong fluorescence when exposed to UV rays.
Thailand is also a significant source of rubies. Over 80% over the world's rubies pass
through Thailand at some point in the trading cycle. The rubies mined from Thailand
tend to be a darker red, and are popular here in the U.
Luminol is a yellow, crystalline compound that has the molecular formula C8H7N3O2. Luminol has unique properties because it exhibits chemiluminescence in low light conditions when exposed to an oxidizing agent. Chemiluminescence occurs when a chemical reaction releases energy in the form of photons. It usually occurs when an oxidizer such as peroxide reacts with an other molecule. The product produced in the reaction is in the excited electron state. When it falls to the ground electronic state, energy is emitted as a photon, which is why light is observed.
...n every shape and size, good and bad, encompass the journey of a diamond. But, the final destination of a diamond is in the form of a ring- promising a lifelong commitment in the first world tainted with the blood of third world grief.
has limited range of hues with mostly blues and red accents. There are some strong value
red. Haziness in shot indicates some sort of filter was used. The filter gives the shot
They’re carbon stars, a unique type of variable star, which accumulate soot in their upper atmosphere that scatters light near the blue end of the spectrum. What’s left for us to view is the red component of a star’s light. As the carbon particles build up, the star fades in brightness and gets even redder. Eventually, the carbon absorbs enough radiation to escape the star, and the cycle starts over again.
universe. Stones are typically heated, and then water is poured over them to engender steam.
This Birthstone comes in a wide range of colors, all of which will enhance any jewelry with a sparkle. Colors include blue, green, pale, golden red and pink, as well as some other rare colors. A gorgeous gemstone, topaz boasts both strength and beauty.
The cotunnite-type phase was claimed by L. Dubrovinsky and co-authors to be the hardest known oxide with the Vickers hardness of 38 GPa and thebulk modulus of 431 GPa (i.e. close to diamond's value of 446 GPa) at atmospheric pressure.However, later studies came to different conclusions with much lower values for both the hardness (7–20 GPa, which makes it softer than common oxides like corundum Al2O3 and rutile TiO2) and bulk modulus (~300 GPa).
You also use gallium, if you have a microwave. Gallium is used in microwaves to secure spaces so air won't get in when you put food in there. As said in the other paragraphs gallium is mostly used or and bought to watch it melt in the human hand. Then it is freezes when it falls out of the human hand. Gallium ions appear to have antibiotic properties, causing bacteria to
When light waves meet electrons, the electrons become polarised and create an opposing wave, stopping the light from penetrating the material and making it seem opaque. However, as the electrons do not follow the waves of light exactly, tending towards a certain frequency. This frequency, and, to a small extent, what frequency the nuclei vibrate at, creates the colour that you see, as well as the luster. If there are less free electrons, either because the material is less dense or because the element simply doesn’t have many free electrons, the material will be more likely to be transparent or translucent. A good example of this is oxygen, which is usually perceived as colourless in its gas form. Hwever, in its (much denser) liquid form, it is clearly light blue.
These huge balls of flaming gas have many different ranges of characteristics. We can observe the many fascinating colors that may be displayed from stars. Some of them are not stars themselves, but the trillions of fragments left behind after they explode into supernova (Moreau, 2000).
Since the lower frequencies of light are scattered the least by nitrogen and oxygen molecules (the primary components of our atmosphere), red, orange, green, and yellow light are transmitted through the atmosphere much more than violet and blue.
It can be dyed withacidic or active dyestuffs. Particularly when dyed with active dyestuff, the colour of product will be fresh and lustrous. With good fastness to light and perspiration, it also has good dyeing brilliance and dyeing fastness in comparison with real silk products.
One very important piece of information is that gemstones and crystals are grown during the cooling, formative stages of Earth’s development and so it has lead me to the conclusion that they are gifts from nature. According to physics, gemstones and crystals consist of natural balances and solid sta...
A Diamond is one of the two natural minerals that are produced from carbon. The other mineral is Graphite. Even though both of these minerals are produced from the same element ,carbon, they have totally different characteristics. One of the most obvious difference is that Diamond is hard and Graphite is soft. The Diamond is considered to be the most hardest substance found in nature. It scores a perfect ten in hardness. Because of its hardness a tiny Diamond is used as a cutting and drilling tool in industry. Even the Greeks called the Diamond “adamas” which means unconquerable. Diamonds also conducts heat better than any other mineral .