Introduction
Residential areas refer to spaces of land generally considered for housing activities, rather than for commercial and industrial purposes. On the other hand, zoning is the process by which the local government determines the uses of land for different purposes by designating each activity to a given piece of land using a map of zones, which include residential, industrial, commercial and forest activities among others. Residential zoning, therefore, is the process by which the government control or oversee the constructions that are strictly for residential purposes, governed by laws and mostly in use in developed cities. This essay is an in-depth analysis of residential zoning practises, with a focus on the case of the pattern of residential lot size zoning in Guangzhou, China.
To achieve this mandate, the paper shall first bring the reader abreast with the nature of the region in the present study, which will be followed by an outlook of Zoning in major cities in general. The third section of this paper will then narrow the study to the focus of the present paper, which is the pattern of residential lot size zoning in Guangzhou, which will be followed by recommendations and conclusive summary.
Historical Background of Guangzhou
Guangzhou is a city located in Guangdong, int he people’s Republic of China, and is the largest in the province North East of Macau and North West of Hong Kong. It is also known as Kwanchow and Canton and it the third largest of the Chinese cities, with a population of 13 million as of 2011 (Brinkhoff 11). It is situated to the South of China, on the Pearl River Delta, combining with Zongshan, Jiangmen, Foshan, Donnguan, and Shenzhen to form the Pearl River Delta Mega City of more than ...
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In his article, “Race and Housing in the Postwar City: An Explosive History,” Raymond Mohl focuses on suburbanization and racial segregation in post-World War II America. Due to discriminatory practices in the housing market,
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Despite increased diversity across the country, America’s neighborhoods remain highly segregated along racial and ethnic lines. Residential segregation, particularly between African-Americans and whites, persists in metropolitan areas where minorities make up a large share of the population. This paper will examine residential segregation imposed upon African-Americans and the enormous costs it bears. Furthermore, the role of government will be discussed as having an important role in carrying out efforts towards residential desegregation. By developing an understanding of residential segregation and its destructive effects, parallels may be drawn between efforts aimed at combating such a grave societal problem and furthering social justice.
Segregation is often a term overlooked by many in recent years, but still can have a detrimental effect on a country’s economy. Segregation often leads to poverty, which in turn, also has a negative effect on the economy, leading to a disadvantage in countries, particularly the United States and South Africa. Racial segregation is apparent in the United States and affects many cities, depending on the number of segments there are within a particular city. The effects of segregation cannot lie in the hands of one person, rather all the people that make an economy. In 1944, Gunnar Myrdal refers to racial segregation as “a basic term that has its influence in an indirect and impersonal way” (Massey, 1993). The following examples are how “simple increases in the rate of minority poverty leads to socioeconomic character of communities, which in turn leads to disadvantages caused by racial segregation” (Douglas, 1990).
From slavery to Jim Crow, the impact of racial discrimination has had a long lasting influence on the lives of African Americans. While inequality is by no means a new concept within the United States, the after effects have continued to have an unmatched impact on the racial disparities in society. Specifically, in the housing market, as residential segregation persists along racial and ethnic lines. Moreover, limiting the resources available to black communities such as homeownership, quality education, and wealth accumulation. Essentially leaving African Americans with an unequal access of resources and greatly affecting their ability to move upward in society due to being segregated in impoverished neighborhoods. Thus, residential segregation plays a significant role in
The evolution of land use patterns can determine many aspects of a given region. In the example of the Junction Triangle (JT) - a sector of Toronto that came into existence by industrial land use - there have been three major aspects affected by industrial land use: economic, social, and political (Knox, p444). Land use in the JT has neglected these three aspects of residential life - and thus, has compromised the quality of life (QOL) of the citizens - in exchange for industrial development.
Residential Segregation Today, there are many Americans that believe racism ended with Jim Crow laws being abolished. Many believe it ended when “Separate but Equal” was no longer legal, and most recently people point to former President Obama and believe race is no longer an issue in the United States of America. These people are wrong for so many reasons, but one of the biggest is that white Americans are segregating themselves from minorities. According to Bonilla-Silva and Embrick, only a few white Americans are integrated. Only four out of forty-one students have lived in a residential neighborhood with a significant black presence (Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo and Embrick, David).
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Urbanization (or urbanisation) is the increasing number of people that live in urban areas. Urbanization has been the result of economic growth for most countries. In fact, every developed nation in the world has gone through urbanization and this is no news to Chinese leaders. To turn the nation of China from being a developing nation to a developed nation, China encouraged the migration of citizens from the countryside to move to large cities and fuel the industrializing nation. Though urbanization has been a process many countries have gone through, China’s urbanization plans are very distinct compared to western examples. The main reason for China’s urbanization distinctions is its sheer magnitude and pace. In this paper, we will review this mass migration, the economic growth, China’s environmental concerns (specifically air pollution) due the urbanization and the focus on industrialization, and we will briefly see China’s newest seven year urbanization plan.
Another aspect that holds influence over the real estate mark is government involvement, which can restrict or help the markets behavior; and public requirements such as nuisance standards, environmental concerns and land-use controls; all of which can influence how property is used valued and distributed. It is important to realize that each individual market also has aspects that influence and drive that market as well. The housing market, is mostly influenced by supply and demand, however the commercial and industrial market is heavily influenced by forces in community economics, comparative advantage and community attitudes (McKenzie & Betts,
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Build or renovate houses would require considerable expense in accordance with the context of the ability of their respective owners. That is to say, housing is a basic necessity as well as luxury goods. Everyone will be very careful in buying luxury goods for risking substantial value for money. Not to mention a residential property that will be enjoyed alone or used in a long time. Comfort and beauty of our home conditions, as well as our bodies will be felt both physically and psychologically.
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