The PHP Autism Center of Richland
analytical Essay
1602 words
University
Socialization with others can help children on the Autism Spectrum utilize the skills they’ve learned in therapy and apply them to everyday situations by providing one-on-one social situations, small group social skills training, and specifically designed programs to enhance learning for the children.
The PHP (peers helping peers) Autism Center of Richland would be a great asset to our community by helping individuals on the Autism Spectrum (AS) interact with their peers through social skills modeling, coaching and direct instruction. This will help them greatly by teaching them the social and communication skills they will need to transition better into the world around them. Individuals on the Autism Spectrum benefit from positive interaction with their peers, from having role models and friends, and from the idea that they have not been isolated, shunned or pushed aside because of their inability to socialize normally in everyday situations. Implementing this program will build the children’s confidence and social skills, and may help remove the stigma of being a “special student,” and fosters understanding among nondisabled peers. (Bennett, 1999)
Disability is a natural part of the human experience and in no way diminishes the right of individuals to live independently, enjoy self-determination, make choices, contribute to society, pursue meaningful careers, enjoy full inclusion and integration in the economic, political, social, cultural, and educational mainstream of American society. (Shipley, 2002) Children on the Autism Spectrum (AS) learn social interaction skills through modeling, coaching, and direct-instruction. The negative behaviors that isolate children from being accepted by peers are shaped into socia...
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Bennett, W., Finn, C., Cribb, J. (1999) The educated child: A parent’s guide from preschool through eighth grade. (pp.465, 477-478)New York. The Free Press.
Greenspan, S., Weider, S. (2006) Engaging autism. (p.219)Cambridge, MA. Da Capo Press.
Kapp, S., Gillespie-Lynch, K., Sherman, L.E., Hutman, T. (2013) Deficit, difference or both? Autism and neurodiversity. doi: 10.1037/a0028353
Laugeson, E., Frankel, F., Gantman, A., Dillon, A., Mogil, C. (2011) Evidence-based social skills training for adolescents. doi: 10.1007/s10803-011-1339-1 with Autism Spectrum Disorders: The UCLA PEERS Program
Shipley, T. (2002).Child Care Centers and Children with Special Needs: Rights under the Americans with Disabilities Act and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. Journal Of Law & Education, 31(3), 327-49.
In this essay, the author
- Explains the importance of developing friendship networks, including identifying relevant peer groups and extra-curricular activities, to find sources of potential friends.
- Explains how to handle verbal teasing, including distinguishing it from embarrassing feedback, and using appropriate behavioral responses.
- Describes bennett, finn, cribb, and bennett. the educated child: a parent’s guide from preschool through eighth grade.
- Explains shipley, t., "child care centers and children with special needs: rights under the americans with disabilities act and section 504 of the rehabilitation act."
- Argues that socialization with others can help children on the autism spectrum utilize the skills they’ve learned in therapy and apply them to everyday situations.
- Explains that autism self-advocates within the neurodiversity, or autism rights, movement celebrate autism as inseparable from identity and challenge efforts to find a cure for it.
- Explains peer exiting strategies, including how to assess receptiveness during peer entry, and what to do when these attempts fail.
- Opines that providing one-on-one social situations, small group social skills training, and specifically designed programs can enrich the community as well as the individual.
- Explains kapp, s, gillespie-lynch, k, sherman, l.e., hutman, t, and laugeson, e.
Related
- analytical
- opinionated
- explanatory
- Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a disability that can make developing major social, communication, ...
In this essay, the author
- Explains that memory profiles in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (asd) have been studied and monitored for decades. recent models suggest that the abnormalities are an indication of core deficits in executive function.
- Explains that variation in results has always created problems in autism research. this dilemma is linked to the high occurrence of inconsistency in individuals with asd, which is the consequence of developmental variations and disparities in cognitive levels.
- Analyzes the memory profiles in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder. memory is the structures and procedures included in the storage and later retrieval of information.
- Explains autism spectrum disorder (asd) is a disability that can make developing major social, communication, and behavioral challenges even more difficult than they already are for most individuals.
- Explains that the memory profile observed in autism spectrum disorder (asd) is connected to irregularities of the hippocampal configuration and to abnormalities found in other neural areas including the amygdala and the frontal cortex, regions responsible for strategic regulation.
- Explains that children with autism may find it hard to remember information if they needed a cognitive organizing strategy to aid recall. maister, simons, and plaisted-grant's research results agree with this.
- Explains that children with autism had poor spatial working memory for verbal information, while a "finger windows" subtest of recall easily distinguished between children without autism.
- Explains that williams, goldstein, and minshew's results indicate that basic associative memory abilities were intact, but the use of cognitive mediating strategies to support memory were not as strong. adults with autism performed equal to the control subjects except when the subtests concerned social stimuli or spatial working memory.
- Analyzes how willams et al. (2006) showed autistic children had good associative learning ability, verbal working and recognition memory. wojcik, moulin, and souchay's (2013) research suggests that children with autism do not seem to suffer from a comprehensive metamemory deficit universal to all forms of memory
- Argues that southwick, bigler, froehlich, dubray, alexander, lange, and lainhart's (2011) found that general memory performance in autism reflected poorer ability across all aspects of memory.
- Concludes that their research suggests that deficits on visual memory tasks in children with autistic spectrum disorder might be linked to their intellectual abilities in general.
- Explains that working memory deficits in high-functioning adolescents with autism spectrum disorders: neuropsychological and neuroimaging correlates.
- Describes the clinical, neuropsychological and neuroanatomical studies of adults with high functioning autism in cognitive neuropsychiatry.
- Explains that children with autism have specific memory problems that may underlie aspects of disorder.
- Cites the centers for disease control and prevention's facts about asd, citing jiang, capistrano, and palm.
- Cites mcleod, s. a., russell, & jarrold, c. (1996). working memory in children with autism and with moderate learning difficulties.
- Explains the role of the medial temporal lobe in autistic spectrum disorders.
- Explains southwick, bigler, froehlich, dubray, alexander, a. l., lange, n. & lainhart, j. e. (2011). memory functioning in children and adolescents with autism.
- States that williams, d. l., goldstein, and minshew, n. j. (2005). impaired memory for faces and social scenes in autism: clinical implications of memory dysfunction
1190 wordsRead More - Autism Spectrum Disorder Case Studyopinionated essayThe percentage of students educationally identified with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is on the rise and school counselors are called to serve this population (www.schoolcounselor.org). Effective counseling provided to students with ASD requires knowledge and understanding of the distinct characteristics and social problems associated with ASD as well as the ability to develop a respectful, trusting and collaborative partnership with the student. According to Baron-Cohen (1995) “Individuals with Asperger’s generally experience mild frustration in understanding social nuances and in determining the intent of others” (p. 276). Therefore, even when kids and adolescents with Asperger’s actively try to seek out others, they encounter social isolation
In this essay, the author
- Opines that effective counseling for students with autism spectrum disorder requires knowledge and understanding of the distinct characteristics and social problems associated with asd and the ability to develop a respectful, trusting, and collaborative partnership.
205 wordsRead More - Should Autisitc Children Be Mainstreamedexplanatory essayDevelopment of social skills is very important for children that are diagnosed with autism because of ...
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes the debate over whether autistic children should be main-streamed in regular classrooms or placed in self-contained environments.
- Explains that mainstreaming autistic children into regular learning environments with the use of special aids is the best option.
- Explains that mainstreaming requires extra help to integrate autistic children into a mainstreamed environment because the others in the classroom are socially motivated, whereas the child is more instinctively and structurally motivated.
- Explains that social mainstreaming helps autistic children learn through imitation, or learning how to "copy" the behavior of others.
- Explains that autistic children are integrated into regular education classes with the use of shadow aids, or "special helpers." they are placed directly with one or two students to work as encouragement partners.
- Explains that academic mainstreaming helps to ensure that the child learns at the rate that best stimulates his cognitive potential. the school environment is a significant support and positive influence on the lives of autistic children.
- Explains that mainstreaming and inclusion are two different approaches to serving students with disabilities.
- Explains mainstreaming was first used in the late 1970s and early 1980s after the individuals with disabilities education act (idea) was passed into law.
- Explains that appropriate education means that each child’s program is individually tailored to provide remediation for that child's disabilities: goals and objectives are formulated annually by teachers and assessment experts.
- Explains that while pl 94-142 does guarantee each autistic child an appropriate education, it doesn't obligate the school to provide the best possible education for that child.
1343 wordsRead More - Review and Analysis of ‘Children with Autism and Their Friends: A Multidimensional Study of Friendship in High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder’explanatory essayThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences between the way that children with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder (referred to as HFASD) and typical children approach friendships, based upon several criteria. The researchers hypothesized that due to their lack of social skills, the children with HFASD would perform worse in every category across the board, and that the friendships of children with HFASD would have different qualities than those of typical children.
In this essay, the author
- Explains the purpose of the study to evaluate the differences between the way that children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (hfasd) and typical children approach friendships, based upon several criteria.
- Explains that the study involved 44 children with hfasd, 48 without, and one of their closest friends, bringing the total children participating up to 164 children between the ages of 8 and 12.
- Opines that the article did not discuss the findings of the study. they would like more information on whether this difference is based on exposure or choice, or whether the target children's friends would have had disabilities.
- Explains that children with autism and their friends: a multidimensional study of friendship in high-functioning autism spectrum disorder.
- Explains that the multidimensional study involved the selection, evaluation, and evaluation of the children. the children were selected on the basis of whether or not they had been previously diagnosed with hfasd.
- Explains that while the study was intended to look at the differences between the ways the two groups interact with their friends, the results indicated a surprising number of similarities.
- Opines that while asd is more common in males than females, the study would have been more valid if there were more female subjects involved.
1070 wordsRead More - What Are Social History As A Demonstrative Interventionism?opinionated essaySimilarly, to provide children with autism opportunities to socialize with others of the same age group provides the stimulus to its interactive capabilities, preventing the continued isolation. Moreover, underlying the concept of social responsibility is the notion that social skills are likely to be acquired by the exchanges that take place in the process of social learning. However, this process requires respect for the uniqueness of each child. Given these considerations, it is evident that children with typical development provide, inter alia, interaction models for children with autism, even though the social understanding of the latter is difficult. Peer interaction with opportunity is the basis for its development, as for any other child. Thus, it is believed that the shared living of the child with autism in the school, from its inclusion in regular education, can create opportunities social contacts and to promote not only the
In this essay, the author
- Explains empirical research among a larger number of children, to qualify social history as demonstrative intervention.
- Opines that it is important to look at the people and stop doing what im doing, if they want me to say something.
- Opines that if they do not watch and listen, they can miss something important and adults angry.
- Opines that if adults want to listen, they should keep doing what they're doing.
- Opines that when they do it, they can have new friends and understand what is happening around them.
- Argues that autism can occur in any social class, race or culture, and about 65-90% of cases are associated with mental retardation.
- Explains that other studies have investigated the social interactions of autistic children in school, but the main focus was the impact of different intervention programs, previously structured.
- Argues that providing children with autism opportunities to socialize with others of the same age group provides the stimulus to its interactive capabilities.
- Explains that there are few studies on inclusion of autistic children in the common school system, despite the lack of training schools and teachers to meet the demand of inclusion.
- Argues that the educational and social system must adapt to receive disabled children. jordan (2005) points out the need for guidance to teachers; lack of knowledge about autism spectrum disorders prevents them from correctly identifying the needs of their students.
1451 wordsRead More - Autism In Elementary Schoolsexplanatory essayJohn is a 5th grader and arrives at school at precisely 8:10 a.m., eats a cheese sandwich and pudding cup for lunch, plays his Gameboy by himself during recess, and talks only when called upon. Brett feels like an outcast because he does not have any close friends and has to go to the special education room to get help with math and science. Brett has autism, a disorder associated with atypical social skills, poor verbal and nonverbal abilities, a lack of imaginative talents, and a limited range of interests. For most students, elementary school is an enjoyable experience in which many memories are made. However, many children diagnosed with autism, like Brett, are presented with multiple social and academic challenges in the elementary
In this essay, the author
- Explains that john arrives at school at precisely 8:10 a.m., eats cheese sandwich and pudding cup for lunch, plays gameboy during recess, and talks only when called upon.
- Explains that autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that results from problems in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. the mildest form of autism, asperger's syndrome, is at one end of the spectrum.
- Explains that autism was first documented in 1912 by eugene bleuler, a swiss doctor. recent studies have explored several factors that may contribute to autism.
- Explains that social interaction is important in order for all children to have a properly developing childhood. socialization correlates with academics in children with asds.
- Explains that children with autism have trouble socializing with peers because they aren't able to use their imagination like an average child would.
- Recommends early intervention focused on improving social skills to help children with autism feel less isolated.
- Explains that the characteristics of a student with autism affect not only their social acceptance, but also their academic achievement.
- Explains that children with autism have poor verbal and communication skills, and that figurative language and idioms are confusing to a student on the spectrum.
- Explains that children with autism like routine, and therefore need consistency. even the slightest variation such as a teacher using blue marker instead of his usual black marker on the white board can trigger anxiety.
- Explains that children with autism are easily sidetracked and cannot filter out background noise which affects their attention span. the classroom environment may be overwhelming to them which could result in not being able to pay attention to school work.
- Explains that children with autism show little interest in academic assignments, even without external distractions. they misbehave and are disruptive to learners around them.
- Explains that children with asds are just as capable of being successful as average children in learning content. estes et al.
- Explains that federal law states that public schools must educate children with disabilities through age twenty-one.
- Opines that with the support of educated teachers and parents, we can help students with autism overcome these challenges and become successful individuals.
1809 wordsRead More - The Autism Spectrum Analysisexplanatory essayCritically discuss the autism spectrum including analysis of key characteristics, difficulties and strengths. In this assignment I will draw upon relevant literature focusing upon the nature of the triad impairment and social/ communicational difficulties and subsequent individual needs. This essay will contain knowledge and understanding of a wide range of relevant literature that informs and furthers the understanding of the nature of individuals needs associated within the autism spectrum. I will critically review and explain individual needs and explanations for those, associated with the autism spectrum.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that they will critically discuss the autism spectrum including analysis of key characteristics, difficulties and strengths. they will draw upon relevant literature focusing upon the nature of the triad impairment and social/communicational difficulties.
234 wordsRead More - Developmental Disabilities and Speech and Language Impaimentsanalytical essayThese numbers indicate that there is an increasing social problem growing within the schools since those first diagnosed with autism since the 1940s. The reason this is a challenge is that children with developmental disabilities require special approaches to benefit from an educational setting. One example of special approaches would be having a designated one to one aid or tutor. A child with developmental disabilities may also ...
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the individuals with disabilities education improvement act (ideia) began as the "education for all handicapped children act" in 1975.
- Explains that the program connects the child to services in and out of the classroom. the protection of this act gives the parental voice a strong say and the parent can challenge any recommendations by the department of education.
- Explains that the department of education pays for the services through the state's tax payer money. the purpose of the act is to include children that will be excluded entirely from public-school systems.
- Argues that the state, doe, teachers, undiagnosed children, and providers lose from this act.
- Explains the outcomes of the policy are so that the child can progress to a point where they are independent.
- Opines that if they were to revise this act, they would focus on having services such as occupational and speech language mandatory until evaluations prove that the child would not benefit. they also encourage the act to give the parents and family stronger rights.
- Explains that school-aged children with disabilities in u.s. metropolitan statistical areas: 2010 disability.
- Explains that there is an increasing social problem growing within the schools since those first diagnosed with autism since the 1940s.
1208 wordsRead More - The ASD Nest Program Analysisexplanatory essayAs the number of children being diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) continues to rise, the question of a proper education within the least restrictive environment is of high priority amongst parents and teachers alike. While the spectrum encompasses a wide range of autism disorders, the individual needs of these students – both high functioning and low functioning – determines the proper educational placement and related services provided. In order to address the specific needs of higher functioning students on the autism spectrum, the NYC Department of Education has developed an inclusion program to “…help children with autism spectrum disorders learn how to function well academically, behaviorally, and socially in school and in their community.” (NYU Steinhardt, 2014) In a collaborative effort between New York University, the New York City Department of Education, and Hunter College, the ASD Nest Program was designed to address the growing number of student’s with higher functioning autism attending New York City public schools.
In this essay, the author
- States that the nyc department of education has developed an inclusion program to help students with autism spectrum disorders learn how to function well academically, behaviorally, and socially in school and in their community.
- Explains that the new york city department of education conducted a study of the growing number of higher functioning children with asd attending public schools.
- Describes the asd nest program as a pilot project to address the needs of children with autism spectrum disorders. its specialized curriculum and instructional approaches foster relationship development, adaptive skills, language and communication development and sensory/motor development throughout the day.
- Explains that the asd nest program utilizes visual aids, such as the incredible 5-point scale, which assigns numbers 1 to 5 to different levels of behavior or feelings.
- Explains that role play and peer support can provide children with asd with appropriate examples and interactions to learn from.
- Explains that social development intervention (sdi) in the asd nest program provides a social therapeutic intervention that is implemented in tandem with core academics.
- Describes sdi as a goal-driven intervention technique built around three areas that are essential to the social development of individuals with asd: pragmatic language, problem solving, and social relationship development/social cognitive development.
- Explains that most academic work, as well as successful social interactions, are contingent upon developing effective problem-solving skills.
- Explains that social relationship development is a critical component of the sdi framework.
- Explains how the asd nest program is successfully educating children with high-functioning autism alongside their unaffected peers.
- Explains that while program evaluations of the asd nest program are ongoing, initial qualitative and quantitative data provides evidence of an effective program that is addressing parent concerns, with successful academic, social and behavioral outcomes.
- Explains that the asd nest program has provided children, parents and teachers with an educational approach that targets the specific needs of children with higher-functioning autism.
1910 wordsRead More - Triad Of Impairmentexplanatory essayThere are 3 main areas of difficulty which people who have autism and these can sometimes know as the “Triad of Impairments”. Social communication is difficult, as severe autism may never to develop any speech whilst those with Asperger syndrome may speak fluently. People who are on the autism spectrum have the ability to use their communication skills that are impaired. These difficulties are processing language and interpreting facial expressions, body language or tone of voice. Understanding figures of speech or metaphors. Struggle to follow long or complicated sentences, and only be able to follow one simple instruction at a time. Social interaction as a person with classic autism may appear withdrawn, aloof or uninterested in the people
In this essay, the author
- Explains the three main areas of difficulty that people with autism have: social communication, interpreting facial expressions, body language, and understanding figures of speech or metaphors.
307 wordsRead More