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The origin, causes and effects of Aids
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The 1980s and early 1990s were a controversial time in U.S. history. The most notable occurrence of dispute comes from the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/ Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic. There were numerous theories regarding how the sickness spread, but a well-known cause of this epidemic was a result of poor medical waste technology. In the 1980s, most medical waste management was regulated by each state. The most common disposal method of medical needles at the time was through the use of red, plastic bags marked ‘Infectious.’ As the epidemic grew, lab technicians treating infected individuals realized these bags were not useful in the prevention of the disease because the needle could break through the plastic causing contamination. During this time period, medical waste was treated as common garbage exposing the everyday worker to the infection. Due to the carelessness of hospital personnel improperly disposing of medical waste in the 1980s, the spread of HIV/AIDS occurred, forcing tighter restrictions on medical waste disposal to be enacted by the federal government.
The AIDS scare began in 1981 when the Centers for Disease Control released a document describing a rare lung infection in a group of men in San Francisco, California. The death toll by the end of the year had increased to 121 men. In 1985, a boy from Indiana contracted HIV through blood treatments used to remedy a condition called hemophilia. Unfortunately, the child died at the age of 18 due to an AIDS related illness. By 1987, the World Health Organization had developed a program that raised awareness, formed different policies, provided support to countries, started research, promoted participation by nongovernmental org...
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AIDS/HIV was first recognized as a new disease in the US when clinicians in New York, Los Angeles, and San Francisco began to see young, homosexual men with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and Kaposi 's sarcoma (KS), unusual diseases for young adults which were not known to be immunosuppressed. These discoveries led to increased fear throughout the US since many people didn’t know what caused AIDS, how it could be contracted, or even what to call it.
Carl Zimmer the guest speaker of this broadcast states that in 1981 doctors described for the first time a new disease, a new syndrome which affected mostly homosexual men. The young men in Los Angeles were dying and the number of cases was growing faster and faster. The number of deaths was increasing from eighty to six hundred and twenty five in just the first few months. After the first few cases in LA, AIDS was declared to be one of the deadliest pandemics the world had ever seen after the plague in the Middle Ages.
Joe, Brancatelli. "What Is Polluting Our Beaches?" Popular Science 1 Mar. 2003. Database. 23 Oct. 2005.
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The medical community had much trouble in the progress of researching the disease. In the beginning and for a period of time, the disease had no name. This was partly because no one really wanted to announce that a new disease had been discovered. After being dubbed “GRID”, an acronym singling out gays, it was changed when it was finally discovered that AIDS could be transmitted though blood transfusions and IV drug use. There was also an amazing display of medical misconduct as the head of one laboratory in the US engaged in a competition-like struggle with a lab in Paris in the research of the disease. When he finally agreed to collaborate with the French, he announced discoveries ahead of time and took all the credit for himself. This led to a long legal action that delayed much of the research of AIDS and caused many people to “die of red tape.”
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was first recognized as a new disease in 1981 when increasing numbers of young homosexual men succumbed to unusual opportunistic infections and rare malignancies (Gallant49).During this time, many people were contacting this disease because it was not discovered yet and people did not have knowledge about it.Scientists believe HIV came from a particular kind of chimpanzee in Western Africa. Humans contracted this disease when they hunted and ate infected animals. A first clue came in 1986 when a morphologically similar but antigenically distinct virus was found to cause AIDS in patients in western Africa (Goosby24). During this time, scientists had more evidence to support their claim about this disease. Once discovered this disease was identified as a cause of what has since become one of the most devastating infectious diseases to have emerged in recent history (Goosby101). This disease was deadly because it was similar to the Black Death, it was killing majority of the population. Since its first identification almost three decades ago, the pandemic form of HIV-1 has infected at least 60 million people and caused more than 25 million deaths ...
As recently as 1990, there were some regions of the world that had remained relatively unscathed by AIDS. Today, however, there is not a single country around the world which has wholly escaped the AIDS epidemic. As the epidemic has matured, some of the developed nations which were hard hit by the epidemic in the 1980s such as the United States have reported a slowing in the rate of new infections and a stabilization among existing cases with lower mortality rates and an extension of post-diagnosis lifespan. However, despite the changing face of the global AIDS pandemic, one factor remains unchanged: no region of the world bears a higher AIDS-related burden than sub-Saharan Africa. This paper examines the demographic effects of AIDS in Africa, focusing on the hardest-hit countries of sub-Saharan Africa and considers the present and future impact of the AIDS epidemic on major demographic measures such as fertility, mortality, life expectancy, gender, age, and family structure.
...In conclusion, since the first documented case of HIV and AIDS in the 1980s, it has affected health care in several ways. Donor centers have changed their screening of donors and testing ways of the blood collected. It has increased the awareness needed for taking universal precautions when dealing in any patient care. Medical equipment modified to protect health care providers from accidentally being stuck with infected needles. Health programs designed to educate patients and raise awareness of the disease among the at-risk population. HIV and AIDS have had an impact on patient care but in a positive way also.
time as well as forward. They determined that the first cases of AIDS in the
“The 16th International Conference on AIDS: Will It Leave a Legacy?” National Library of Medicine. 19 Sept. 2014. Web. 25 Mar. 2015. . The AIDS 2014 conference co-chairs reflect on the challenges and successes of the conference, highlighting sessions on microbicides and preventive vaccines, key concepts and progress regarding the design and conduct of clinical trials, and sessions on pre-exposure prophylaxis. The authors note that HIV transmission might be counterproductive because it overstates the risks, creates a false sense that HIV is someone else’s problem, provides further incentive for people to avoid learning their HIV status, and discourages HIV-positive people from accessing HIV-prevention resources. Although scientists try to come up with new solutions and treatments for AIDS, it is still a major problem in many parts of the world. Likewise, AIDS corresponds to disease associated with poverty, such as malaria, cholera, and tuberculosis because both diseases still persist, especially in North America and Europe. Rampant urbanization and overcrowding in the 1700s and 1800s caused massive outbreaks of cholera and tuberculosis. Although science played a significant role in the nineteenth century’s medical breakthroughs, living conditions, including overcrowding, air pollution, and unprotected water supplies, worsen the severity of cholera and tuberculosis. The modern age brought a better understanding of diseases, but it also gave rise to much greater global mobility, speeding up the widespread outbreak of epidemics and pandemics. Even today, AIDS and diseases such as tuberculosis and cholera spread easily through faster transportation, industrialization, and rapid
What is the first thing that comes to mind when thinking about the spread of AIDS throughout the world? AIDS is sometimes considered a “foreigner’s disease,” coming from somewhere else and imported into isolated communities by travelers and refugees in time of war. According to the book, Global Aids Crisis, studies conducted on every continent show that those who travel frequently are at an increased risk for infection with HIV/AIDS. Since the virus has spread it has troubled millions of people around the world. AIDS is an alarming sickness which is caused by an infection called, HIV. When it gets inside your body, it attacks your immune system instantly. AIDS is a very destructive disease and has spread fast throughout the world because of poverty, massive migrations of people, war and other conflicts across the world, we must help to find a cure.
Patient safety must be the first priority in the health care system, and it is widely accepta-ble that unnecessary harm to a patient must be controlled.Two million babies and mother die due to preventable medical errors annually worldwide due to pregnancy related complications and there is worldwide increase in nosocomial infections, which is almost equal to 5-10% of total admissions occurring in the hospitals. (WHO Patient Safety Research, 2009). Total 1.4 million patients are victims of hospital-acquired infection. (WHO Patient Safety Research, 2009). Unsafe infection practice leads to 1.3 million death word wide and loss of 26 millions of life while ad-verse drug events are increasing in health care and 10% of total admitted patients are facing ad-verse drug events. (WHO Patient Safety Re...
Advertising in today’s culture is geared towards manipulating the media to deliver a specific message. In order to shape a community’s perceptions on a specific concept, marketers use precise colors, words, and lighting. To evaluate the impact of all of these factors, this essay addresses the conception of HIV under the lens of American culture and perceptions. In the ad the primary focus is obviously directed on HIV prevention, but it also utilizes minute, independent details that are actually interconnected to help tell a story.
The problem with contaminated beaches will soon take effect on everyone. The main causes that pollution creates in the beaches are from heavy rainfall, natural disasters, and plant malfunctions. Government agencies cannot control the weather, but they can control what goes into the water. In the United States, the number one reason why beaches are closed down are due to contamination in the water that may be harmful and are left untreated. The arising problem with the beach is that the industries are producing toxic chemicals and tossing the unwanted waste into the ocean. Also, the public are recklessly throwing their trash out into the streets. A prime example to demonstrate this is, if someone was trying to throw a bottle into a street trashcan but missed, he/she is unlikely to pick up after himself/herself if no one was around to see it. This scenario causes pollution to the sidewalks. When mother nature disasters occur, these waste products will end up in the storm drains and into the sewage system. The overflow of debri from the cities can flow into the rivers and if not preserved, it can flow into the ocean. The rivers will then carry these human caused waste into t...