The Origin and Structure of our Universe

The Capture Theory states that the moon was formed somewhere else but was then captured by Earth’s gravitational pull. The condensation theory states that both the Earth and the Sun condensed together from the original nebula that created the solar system. Unusual Rotation of Uranus Uranus’s rotational axis is nearly horizontal, almost as if the planet has been knocked over. This strange orientation could be from a collision between Uranus and a planet sized body. The magnetic fields are usually in sync with a planets rotation, which means that Uranus’s magnetic fields are also tipped over.

From early Greeks, to early Romans, to Arostotle, to Capernicus, to Galileo, to Edwin Hubble, they have all have asked themselves how the Universe starts, how the planets gets into the Universe, and how did human beings get here. In the last century, stronger telescopes and advanced supercomputer have led to more discoveries and knowledge of how the Universe came to be as it is today faster than before. Many astronomers accepted the fact that the Universe was formed about 14 billion years ago by a Big Bang, an explosion that also created protons, neutrons, and electrons. This report will describe the five theories and processes involved in the formation of the solar system. Planets are formed by the process of new layers on top of existing layers.

The discovery of the vast universe, that exists outside our galaxy, began with Edwin Hubble’s discovery of a Cepheid Variable star in Andromeda, which he used to measure the distance to our neighbouring galaxy (Bennett et al. 109). This was instrumental in establishing Hubble’s law or the theory that the universe is expanding and galaxies are moving away from the Milky Way (Bennett et al. 109). However, Andromeda poses a contradiction; while other galaxies are moving away from the Milky Way, Andromeda is actually moving towards it and is set on a collision course with our galaxy.

This paper is an overview of the Kepler spacecraft and its mission in space. According to the National Aeronautics and Space Association (NASA), Kepler, named after Renaissance astronomer Johannes Kepler, “is a space observatory launched…to discover Earth-like planets orbiting other stars.” Kepler does this by searching for planets within our galaxy that have a similar size to Earth within a habitable zone. A habitable zone is a distance between the planet and its star where water can exist on the planet’s surface. Additionally, Kepler is aimed at searching for planets with similar one-year orbits like that of Earth. As technology advances on Earth, increased standards of living and life expectancies have taken a toll on Earth’s fleeting, finite resources.

Nasa’s goal is to determine whether the universe will continue to expand forever, or if the process will reverse and everything will combine into one super dense object. Immediately after the Big Bang, the universe was filled with neutrons, protons, electrons, and photons. As the universe cooled, neutrons decayed into electrons and protons or combined with protons. Free electrons caused photons to scatter before eventually combining with nuclei and forming neutral atoms. These scattered photons, “the afterglow of the Big Bang known as cosmic background radiation,”2 are still visible

Life on Mars If life ever evolved on any of the other planets, Mars is the likeliest candidate. After Earth, Mars is the planet with the most hospitable climate in the solar system. So hospitable that it may once have inhabited primitive, bacteria-like life. Outflow channels and other geologic features provide extensive evidence that billions of years ago liquid water flowed on the surface of Mars. Continuing changes is an accomplishment in modern American technology and it gives the world a step forward in finding the real truth about existing life on Mars.

Is Mars Colonization a Good Idea? Among celestial bodies in our solar system, Mars is remarkable in that it possesses all the raw resources required to sustain not only life, but a new branch of individual evolution. The time to colonize Mars would certainly be required when the Earth becomes uninhabitable as the global warming rises up. When that happens, Mars has the potential to become the most habitable planet in our solar system. Nevertheless, even with positive extrapolation of robotic manufacturing techniques, Mars will not have the labor required to make it fully self-sufficient; until and unless its population is in millions.

Hubble observed that the universe is expanding in every direction, which makes us come to the conclusion that the universe was once compact and is now moving away from the point of origin. Since the universe is thought to have come from a singularity which is said to have a extreme heat in it, it was believed that there should be a background heat still in existence in the universe. In 1965 two radio astronomers, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson, discovered a 2.725 degree Kelvin (-454.765 degree Fahrenheit, -270.425 degree Celsius) Cosmic Microwave Background radiation (CMB) that is spread out across the universe. This is believed to be remnants of the extremely high-temperature from the big bang. Scientists have discovered that the universe contains about 74 percent hydrogen and 26 percent helium by mass, the two lightest elements.

This list is of the other ways to discover these planets: transit timing variation, transit duration variation, gravitational lensing, astrometry, pulsar timing, polarimetry, and so on. In the incredible and unimaginably large universe we live in, we have to have technology to explore into the vast unknown of deep space. With the ambition and strive to learn about the darkness in the sky, we have conquered great obstacles and have achieved so much as humans on one planet. We have been to the moon, along with several planets in our own solar system. Technolo... ... middle of paper ... ...ng and all the other planets and the sun revolved around it.

Formation by Fission from the Earth The modern version of this theory proposes that the moon was spun off from the earth when the earth was young and rotating rapidly on its axis. This idea gained support partly because the density of the moon is the same as that of the rocks just below the crust, or upper mantle, of the earth. A major difficulty with this theory is that the angular momentum of the earth, in order to achieve rotational instability, would have to have been much greater than the angular momentum of the present earth-moon system. Formation in Orbit Near the Earth This theory proposes that the earth and moon, and all other bodies of the solar system, condensed independently out of the huge cloud of cold gases and solid particles that constituted the primordial solar nebula. Much of this material finally collected at the center to form the sun.