In America in the 1650s, the population of Chesapeake was increasing by the birthrate. To make profit, Chesapeake produced large quality of tobacco. Colonial masters first adopted the institution of indentured servitude rather than slavery for labor; African slaves were very expensive and indentured servants needed employment. African slavery soon replaced indentured servants from Bacon’s rebellion and less trouble that they caused. Tobacco was very important to the economy; Europeans would buy slaves to work the fields. Slavery first began on the shorelines of Africa. Africans were very poor and could hardly get food. Europeans began to capture Africans and shipped them to America. Out of the 11 million African men, women, and children that were sent to the New World like common cargo, 2 million of them died. Africans were treated badly that Europeans whipped and put Africans in handcuffs to transport them. The Africans that survived were sent to work in sugar cane fields and other produce fields that Europeans thrived for like sugar, tobacco, cotton and other New World products. Many Africans and people from Europe realized that people like Europeans needed slaves and would pay anything for them. Soon after realizing, Africans began to sell their own for high amounts of money and so did Europe. Since African slaves were very expensive and the European economy was low, the Europeans had to look for different kinds of slaves. The Europeans needed slaves for planting corn and especially tobacco. By the 1630s, 1.5 million pounds of tobacco were sent out of Chesapeake Bay and almost 40 million pounds a year by the 1700s. Desperate for employment, Europeans were shipped to America. These people were called indentured servants; the... ... middle of paper ... ...death rates up to twenty percent and the terrified survivors were put in auctions for the ports of New World. England knew how to control Africans and didn’t care as much for them as indentured servants causing Africans to be less trouble and not misbehave as bad as indentured servants. Slavery and labor was a major part in the New World. It opened opportunities for Indentured servants and masters but not all of it was good. Indentured servants did not work entirely from Bacon’s rebellion. Bacon’s rebellion brought a lot of trouble and violence to towns making England look for other types of slaves. Africans were expensive for slavery but Africans ended up to be the best slaves for the New World as to misbehaving. The New World learned that Africans were easy to capture and trade. Even though tobacco didn’t make a lot, it changed the New World’s idea on slavery.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that chesapeake produced tobacco to make profit. colonial masters adopted indentured servitude rather than slavery for labor.
- Describes how slavery began on the shorelines of africa, where africans were poor and could hardly get food. europeans whipped and put them in handcuffs to transport them.
- Explains that the europeans needed different kinds of slaves for planting corn and especially tobacco. desperate for employment, they were shipped to america as indentured servants.
- Explains that landlords called masters benefited from the head right system in virginia and maryland.
- Describes how virginia broke out of control with nathaniel bacon in 1676. the people of virginia were frustrated from the virginia assembly having little interest in the country and young men having broken hopes of acquiring land.
- Explains that the english king did not want anything like bacon’s rebellion again so he looked for less misbehaving laborers for his tobacco kingdom.
- Explains that slavery and labor opened opportunities for indentured servants and masters but not all of it was good. bacon’s rebellion brought trouble and violence to towns making england look for other types of slaves.
Related
- comparative
- explanatory
- analytical
- Slavery in Colonial Americacomparative essayEarly English settlers in the lower Chesapeake Bay region learned to cultivate tobacco from the Native Americans and it would prove to have profound influence in the development of Chesapeake society and the colonies of Virginia and Maryland as a whole. Between 1627 and 1669, annual tobacco exports climbed from 250,000 pounds to more than 15 million pounds. (p39. The American Journey). The Chesapeake region became the New World’s largest producer of tobacco. Since tobacco was a labour intensive crop to cultivate, the planters sought indentured servants from England as a source of cheap labour. However many servants died in alarming numbers from disease as a result from the supply of indentured servants declined, and larger planters who were wealthy managed to buy slaves. Slave population increased rapidly from 1,708 in 1660 to 189,000 in 1760. (Smith, Billy G., and Nash. Encyclopedia of American History).
In this essay, the author
- Explains slavery became of fundamental importance in the early modern atlantic world when europeans decided to transport thousands of africans to the western hemisphere to provide labor in place of indentured servants.
- Explains that early english settlers in the lower chesapeake bay region learned to cultivate tobacco from the native americans.
- Explains that rice was one of the most intensive and extensive crops developed in colonial north america and helped shape the development of societies in south carolina and georgia.
- Explains that new england colonists acquired enormous profits from the transatlantic slave trade between england, africa and america and more so from slavery itself.
- Explains that the louisiana purchase in 1803 created four new states, louisiana, alabama, mississippi, and arkansas. the invention of the cotton gin by eli whitney in 1794 helped increase the production of cotton.
- Concludes that the foundation of american economy lay in the back breaking toil and sweat of slave labor.
846 wordsRead More - Slavery In The United Statesexplanatory essaySlavery in American began when European settlers of North America turned to African slaves as an inexpensive, more abundant source for labor than the indentured servants. Indentured servants were poor English settlers who gave up their freedom for three to seven years in exchange for passage to America. They were given a payment known as “freedom dues” when they finished the end of their contract and were released. The European settlers needed more workers for their plantations. In 1619, a Dutch ship brought twenty captive Africans ashore and sold them in Jamestown, Virginia. Slavery soon spread as various numbers of more Africans were shipped to the colonies. Historians gave an estimation of about six to seven million slaves imported from Africa during the 18th century alone. This importation deprived the African continent of some of its most healthy and ablest men and women.
In this essay, the author
- Explains the purpose of the research paper, which will examine the development of slavery in the united states, starting from the 17th century by the colonists of virginia.
- Explains that slavery in america began when european settlers of north america turned to african slaves as an inexpensive, more abundant source for labor than the indentured servants.
- Explains that slaves were treated as savages even before they were brought to america. during the slave trade, people were crowded together and men were chained in pairs.
- Explains that between one and two million slaves had died before reaching the new world over the centuries. those that made it to america were devastated of their lives in africa and encountered new lives as slave
- Describes how eli whitney invented the cotton gin, which could clean fifty pounds of cotton seeds in the time it took to clean one pound by hand.
- Explains that slavery was never widespread in the north. the northern states had all abolished slavery between 1777 and 1804, before congress had even banned the importation of slaves.
- Explains that field slaves worked from sunrise to sunset, and worked eighteen hours a day during harvest. pregnant women worked in the field with the child on their back.
- Explains that house slaves had better living conditions than field workers. they cleaned, cooked, served meals, and took care of the owner’s children.
- Explains that a time for great change in american life came in the first half of the 19th century. the movement to end slavery came to overshadow all others.
- Explains that the abolitionist movement gained strength and public attention during the 1830s to 1860s with the help of free blacks like frederick douglass and white supporters like william lloyd garrison.
- Explains how abolitionists were attacked, burned down, and destroyed as the movement grew. the underground railroad helped runaway slaves escape to the north from the south.
- Explains that sectional differences over slavery had divided the country, but the number of slave states and free states was balanced at eleven each, giving neither north nor south a controlling majority in the senate.
- Describes how the kansas-nebraska act opened kansas and nebraska to settlement under the banner of popular sovereignty, or rule by the people. john brown was an antislavery zealot who met violence with violence.
- Explains that dred scott was a slave in the free territory of wisconsin who tried to win his freedom legally rather than run away.
- Describes how the dred scott decision convinced abolitionists like john brown that slavery could never be terminated by legal means.
- Explains that the civil war began on april 12, 1861 when southern troops opened fire on fort sumter, a federal fort in charleston harbor.
- Explains that lincoln issued his emancipation proclamation on january 1st, 1863, and declared "all persons held as slaves within any state or designated part of a state shall be in rebellion against the united states".
- Explains that lincoln and other republicans set their focus on passing a constitutional amendment to rid slavery once and for all.
- Explains that the fourteenth amendment conferred citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the united states, including equal civil and legal rights to the former slaves who had recently been freed. the fifty-ninth amendment granted african men the right to vote.
- Concludes that slavery began in the america in 1916 and was abolished in 1865. slaves helped shape the economic foundations of a new nation.
- Cites pbs' "the african slave trade and the middle passage" and oracle foundation's "emancipation proclamation (1863).
- Describes lincoln's emancipation proclamation. council on foreign relations, 1 jan. 1863.
2073 wordsRead More - African Americans in Antebellum Americaanalytical essayAfricans first arrived in the area that later became the United States of America in around 1619 in the Chesapeake area. The large amount of fertile land in the area gave the settlers their biggest cash crop, which was tobacco. As time went by, more and more tobacco was being exported to England. Because of this, more labor was needed. This need for more labor was not only in the north, but in the south as well due to their mass production of cotton. This movement started the institution of slavery in America. Then, the colonies and other countries started to trade slaves and it became a business. The Royal African Company was the first slave trading company, which was started in 1672. The slaves were transported by the Middle Passage, which were the ships that carried the slaves to the colonies . The vessels of this company made regular visits to Chesapeake Bay. As the supply of slaves increased, the prices dropped. In 1698, the Royal African Company lost its monopoly. This led to the reproduction of slaves in the colonies. Indentured servitude, which is signing a contract and putting your body in service to someone, was common the Chesapeake area until about 1750.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that africans first arrived in the chesapeake area in 1619. the large amount of fertile land gave the settlers their biggest cash crop, which was tobacco.
- Explains that growing up in a slave family was easy until they discovered the harsh reality of slavery. some children saw their own parents getting whipped and became aware that they could not protect them from their master.
- Explains how slave owners used discipline to maintain order, such as withholding food, confinement, shackles, and iron collars. some slaves revolted against their masters and white people.
- Analyzes how slave owners used religion to keep control of their slaves. some african americans believed that blacks would be superior to whites in the afterlife.
- Explains that most african americans had a harsh life before the civil war, due to slavery. children played and enjoyed their childhood life with the white children, until they were slaves.
- Explains that 5,000 african slaves fought in the revolutionary war against england. the declaration of independence was written in 1776. slavery became a way of life for most africans.
1161 wordsRead More - Essay On Trans-Atlantic Interactionsanalytical essayThe trans-Atlantic trade of African slaves contributed to maintaining progression of labor systems as well as promoting change in the British North American colonies. The slaves provided labor and helped produce the cash crops that were then exported to Europe where they traded the goods to trade with Africans for more slaves. The Africans enslaved each other and sold more slaves to be sent to the colonies in
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the trans-atlantic interactions between 1600 and 1763 contributed to maintaining continuity and fostering changes in the labor systems in british north american colonies.
- Analyzes how king james i's the first charter of virginia guaranteed the soon-to-be colonists the same rights as englishmen in britain and wanted them to own land in the new world.
- Describes how lord de la warr declared war on the indians on behalf of the virginia company. the peace treaty of 1646 banished the powhatan indian from their land since they were not a reliable source of labor.
- Explains that in 1612, john rolfe became the father of the tobacco industry and the demand for tobacco rose high among the europeans. the virginians became greedier for land and started to grow tobacco all over jamestown.
- Explains that maryland was the second plantation colony formed in 1634 and prospered economically from growing tobacco, and the west indies, by growing sugar. african slaves were brought over to provide labor in the growing plantations.
- Explains that the trans-atlantic trade of african slaves contributed to maintaining progression of labor systems and promoting change in the british north american colonies.
526 wordsRead More - the development of slavery in Americaexplanatory essaySlavery was the main resource used in the Chesapeake tobacco plantations. The conditions in the Chesapeake region were difficult, which lead to malnutrition, disease, and even death. Slaves were a cheap and an abundant resource, which could be easily replaced at any time. The Chesapeake region’s tobacco industries grew and flourished on the intolerable and inhumane acts of slavery.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that slavery was the main resource used in the chesapeake region's tobacco plantations. slaves were a cheap and abundant resource, which could be easily replaced at any time.
- Describes how the colonies of virginia and maryland were settled in the early 17th century. they had limited labor and were constantly raided by native americans.
- Explains that colonists imported slaves from south america in hopes that they would live longer and be more manageable to control.
- Explains that indentured servants helped the colonies progress their population. they helped ward off native americans from attacking settlers.
- Explains that in the late 17th century, the supply of indentured servants from europe started to decrease. the labor crisis brought a lot of tension between the plantation owners
- Analyzes how the tensions between the two conflicting sides led to the bacon's rebellion in 1676. the rebellion marched to jamestown and captured it.
- Explains that africans were savages because of their rituals, religion, and skin color. virginia made a series of laws to separate themselves from their heathenness acts.
- Explains that virginia assembly ruled that if the master of a slave were to kill his slave, he would not be charged of murder. the ideals of slavery were merged into the chesapeake region in 1710.
- Explains that slavery is a direct result of the need for labor in plantations and large farms. when they turned to indenture servants the supply was low and they became rebellious after their terms were up.
1202 wordsRead More - History Of Slavery In Americaanalytical essaySlavery in America traces back to 1619 when African slaves were chosen to come to North America. They landed in the colony of Jamestown, Virginia. The slaves were delivered and immediately put to work in the fields and crops such as tobacco. According to the website, History.com, “the European settlers in North American turned to slaves as a cheaper, more plentiful source of labor.” (History.com, 2014) From this point on, slavery began to spread throughout the American colonies. Though it is impossible to give accurate figures, some historians have estimated that 6 to 7 million slaves were imported to the New World during the 18th century alone, depriving the African continent of some of its healthiest and ablest men and women. (History.com, 2014)
In this essay, the author
- Explains that slavery in america began in 1619 when african slaves were chosen to come to north america. they were delivered and immediately put to work in the fields and crops.
- Explains that the slave's life was subservient to the master. they had to obey without question or face punishment.
- Explains that slaves lived on large farms or small plantations, and a system of restrictive codes governed life among them. they were prohibited from learning to read and write and behavior and movement was restricted.
- Explains that slave owners would have to contend with slaves running away. if runaways were caught, they would face whipping, branding, and sometimes having their achilles tendon severed.
- Analyzes how african americans supported slavery and justified slavery in different ways. they believed they had the moral right according to how they interpreted the bible.
- Opines that slave holding was demoralizing and limited and controlled the lives of the slaves, which left them dehumanized.
- Explains that slavery was important to the south as the agricultural economy grew. the plantations needed cheap labor to grow and expand.
- Explains that slavery was routinized and mind-numbing, a repetition of the same tasks or movements, changed only by the season or time of day. this image gave rise to the expression "factories in the field."
- Explains that the history of african american slavery in the united states can be divided into two periods: the first coincided with the colonial years, about 1650 to 1790; the second lasted from american independence through the civil war.
- Explains that the north and especially the quakers were in favor of the abolishment of slavery. they had different views on how to achieve this goal.
- Analyzes how the immorality of slavery grew in the north and violent acts increased. each side wanted the immediate freeing of slaves and the other was adamant in supporting slavery.
- Analyzes how the popular movement towards secession in the south is watched with profound anxiety. in 1863, president lincoln’s emancipation proclamation was stated which frees all slaves.
- Opines that the civil war abolished slavery and redefined the united states as a single and indivisible nation.
1326 wordsRead More - A Brief History of Slavery in Americaexplanatory essayMore slaves came to America from Africa than anywhere else. The first slaves were in New York; the Africans came to the new world in 1530. Most African slaves did not know when or if freedom would come. The Africans lived a very harsh life; the white men did not care about the Africans slaves; only their labor. The African Americans were skilled workers. Many African Americans tried to change their religion to Christian, because the white men were not supposed to enslave Christians, but they did not care. Some African Americans became half free, which meant they could own their own land, but the children could not become half free.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that more slaves came to america from africa than anywhere else. most africans did not know when or if freedom would come.
- Opines that the whites did not see how smart and brave some african americans were. harriet wilson was the first african american to publish a novel in the united states.
- Explains that african americans and white slaves were both treated badly. three men tried to escape, but days later they were captured and returned.
- Narrates how francis, a free african-american, was sentenced to 30 slashes and her work extended for 2 years. she disappeared from public record in 1904.
- Narrates how thomas jefferson played with a little african american boy named jupiter and later became thomas' servant. in the 1780s thomas published his only book.
- Explains that an african american could not have an education, hold property, or move freely. slaves were shipped over seas and many of them died.
- Explains that south carolina slaves were worked almost to death, and if they ran away, they would burn an r on their right check. the whites carried guns to church because they were scared of african americans.
- Explains that the whites controlled the african american by fear. preston brooks beat up a man because he didn't believe in slavery.
- Explains that slavery was the goose that laid the golden eggs. whites tortured the blacks in different ways. in 1775, the american revolution began.
- Explains that mombete gained her freedom in 1781 and changed her name to elizabeth freeman. in some cities, african americans can buy their freedom.
- Explains that cotton gin helped the slaves out and made them more profitable. in 1840, the cotton value rose. slave labor made the production of cotton possible.
- Describes how harriet escaped leaving loved ones behind and stayed in a cramped space for 7 years. she moved to rhyme chester, new york, where she found her children.
- Narrates how robert small was born in beaufort, south carolina in 1839. his mother was a household servant. when he was 17, robert fell in love with hannah and got married.
- Narrates how abraham lincoln changed the war into a holy war. general robert surrendered and the way of slavery was almost over. abe was shot. andrew johnson took over as president.
- Explains that the kkk (klu klux klan) came to be because some people did not think the african americans should be free.
878 wordsRead More - Slavery in the Southexplanatory essaySlavery of the Black man in America was the cruelest ever known to man. Europeans transported slaves from Africa as early as 1505. The African Slaves were first exploited on an island named Hispaniola, in the Caribbean by the Europeans to do labor work, before they were sent to the Americas. The women usually worked the interior cooking and cleaning while the men were sent out into the plantation fields to farm. These Africans were stripped of their homes, cultures, and languages. Slaves were treated like animals.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that african slaves were first exploited on an island named hispaniola in the caribbean by the europeans to do labor work before they were sent to the americas.
- Explains that the black man was not considered part of the human race then. the white man used religion and other institutions to justify slavery in the south.
- Explains that the desperation for people to work the fertile land of the south called for the need for slaves.
- Explains how slave masters raped black women for sexual pleasure, and forced other black men to have sex with them, while her husband was also forced to watch.
- Explains that slavery made it harder for slaves to progress and free themselves from bondage. slaves revolted by getting armed and then destroying plantations as they traveled from town to town.
- Explains that the south passed the fugitive slave act in 1793, which titled slaves as property of their owners and gave permission to the owners to retrieve runaway slavery anywhere in the states.
865 wordsRead More - Slavery In North Americaexplanatory essayThe development of slavery in the Americas began as early as 1500, after the arrival of the Spanish, and first centered around the Caribbean. However, a lucrative triangle trading system between England, Africa and North America greatly increased the slave trade during the 1600’s (Foner, 38). At the time, slavery was driven by market forces, and largely defined by geographical necessity. Landowners had large plantations, located in areas with small populations and did not have access to the cheap labor necessary to cultivate lucrative crops like tobacco and sugar. They needed slaves to economically survive and prosper. Later, in the American colonies of the south, the entire economic and social structure
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how the development of slavery in the americas began as early as 1500, after the arrival of the spanish, and centered around the caribbean.
- Explains that slavery existed in africa before the arrival of europeans, but the spanish were the first to bring slaves to the new world to cultivate sugarcane.
- Explains that the english arrival in north america ushered in a new era of slavery. protestantism and related puritan ethics dominated the colonies.
- Explains that slavery was slow to develop and laws about slavery were not firmly established. slavery, particularly in the south, gained traction at the end of the 1600’s, when a social and economic elite joined forces.
- Explains the economics and logistics of slavery contributed to its establishment as an institution in the united states. slavery was facilitated by the triangular trade routes that crossed the atlantic.
- Explains that slavery in the colonies was largely dependent on economic scale and the types of crops and economies that existed in each geographical area. the north had smaller farms, and more industrial factory work.
- Explains that the declaration of independence is rooted in anti-slavery ideas. the founding fathers used slavery as a political term to protest england's authoritative rule.
- Explains that slavery was the standard in the united states because it allowed many white landowners to get rich, which was a primary interest of the founding fathers.
1374 wordsRead More - Slavery and Freedom: The American Paradox by Edmund Morgananalytical essayThe use of labor came in two forms; indenture servitude and Slavery used on plantations in the south particularly in Virginia. The southern colonies such as Virginia were based on a plantation economy due to factors such as fertile soil and arable land that can be used to grow important crops, the plantations in the south demanded rigorous amounts of labor and required large amounts of time, the plantation owners had to employ laborers in order to grow crops and sell them to make a profit. Labor had become needed on the plantation system and in order to extract cheap labor slaves were brought to the south in order to work on the plantations. The shift from indentured servitude to slavery was an important time as well as the factors that contributed to that shift, this shift affected the future generations of African American descent. The history of colonial settlements involved altercations and many compromises, such as Bacons Rebellion, and slavery one of the most debated topics in the history of the United States of America. The different problems that occurred in the past has molded into what is the United States of America, the reflection in the past provides the vast amount of effort made by the settlers to make a place that was worth living on and worth exploring.
In this essay, the author
- Explains the shift from indentured servitude to slavery was an important time in the history of the united states of america.
- Describes the voyage set by captains philip amada and arthur barlow by ity of sir walter raleigh who was given permission from queen elizabeth ii.
- Describes how the winter of 1609-1610 in virginia was horrid as the captain john smith had to return to england due to a gunpowder burn.
- Explains that a plantation economy is based on the growth of crops, such as corn, cotton, and tobacco, which requires care since the demand for the crop had increased the amount of labor needed increased.
- Describes how the indentured servants lived in distasteful conditions, such as living in places where disease is prevalent and laborious exhaustion.
- Explains that nathaniel bacon, the cousin of governor of virginia william berkley, was a source of trouble for the governor's relationship with the native americans.
- Explains that many african american slaves ran away from their masters due to their cruel behaviors. they were forced into labor and lived with deplorable conditions.
- Analyzes how morgan's "slavery and freedom: the american paradox" felt that slavery was an injustice, and was a heinous act that was not justified.
- Explains that the settling of virginia required leadership and the slaves' toil and perseverance was used by the wealthy to make labor cheap and productive. the plantation based economy and new start of a colony meant that wages were low and few were paid.
- Describes the letters patents granted by queen elizabeth ii to m. walter ralegh, now knight, for the discovery and planting of new lands and countries.
- Explains beverly, robert, and first hand accounts of virginia, 1575-1700.
- Analyzes barlowe's "first voyage to virginia (1584)" and smith, john. smith recounts the early history of jamestown, 1609.
- Analyzes how richard lowther's "indenture contract" relates to the virtual jamestown project, 1575-1705.
1667 wordsRead More