Ethan Leichter Junior Thesis The stock market crash of October 1929 brought the economic prosperity of the 1920s to an abrupt halt. For the next ten years, the United States was thrown into a deep economic depression. By 1933, the unemployment rate had soared to 25%, up from 3% in 1929. Industrial production declined by approximately 50%, and international trade plunged 30%. This period in history is known as The Great Depression. The Great Depression plunged the American people into an economic crisis unlike anyone had ever experienced in history. Millions of hardworking individuals fell into poverty. Many lost their homes and lived on the street. Many more suffered from mass starvation. Overall, people lost their sense of pride and national spirit for America. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt took office in 1933, when the economy was in a time of complete failure. Right away, Roosevelt took to not only helping the economy but also reviving the American morale after this tough era. Roosevelt implemented a series of executive actions, creating programs and new Federal agencies to help revive the economy. Together this was called The New Deal. One of the agencies that was created was called The Works Progress Administration (WPA). The WPA was created in order to put millions of unemployed Americans to work through governmental projects. Over a period of 8 years, the WPA spent over 3.3 billion dollars on public projects, some of which are still used today. Simultaneously as the United States struggled valiantly to climb out of the Great Depression, the threat of another crisis, a World War, loomed over the US. In June of 1939, the United States army only had 185,000 men enlisted. The need for a stronger, m... ... middle of paper ... ...the twentieth century, adding 650,000 miles of roads and 78,000 bridges to the country’s transportation network. It advanced the age of civil aviation with 800 new, improved, or enlarged airports. The WPA brought back arts and culture into a society that lacked any substantial culture in the past decade. Its work on military bases and the workers it trained helped the armed services meet the demands of World War II. The WPA not only helped the United States to return to its height as a world economic and military power, but also it allowed a country to bounce back and regain its identity as a great nation. The effects of the WPA can be felt in modern days with many decisions being made that coincide with effects that the legacy of the WPA left. The WPA changed the nation forever, creating a stronger society that was ready for a future of being a world power.
In this essay, the author
- Describes how the stock market crash of 1929 brought the economic prosperity of the 1920s to an abrupt halt. the great depression plunged the american people into an economic crisis unlike anyone had ever experienced.
- Explains how roosevelt launched the works progress administration in 1935, which put over three million americans to work and put $4.9 billion into the economy.
- Describes how the wpa's road-building program improved farm-to-market roads, bridges, and inter-city roads and paved countless city streets and sidewalks.
- Explains that the wpa helped with the creation of commercial aviation in america. they built laguardia airport in new york, the city’s first commercial airport, national airport, and many others throughout the country.
- Explains how the wpa helped create a more accessible, united country with better services, greater pride of americans in their communities, and the betterment of the military with the easier transfer of men and goods.
- Explains how the wpa's federal art project helped revive american culture during the depression, boosting morale and patriotism, and allowing for greater support of the war.
- Analyzes how the wpa empowered and unified america, revamped infrastructure, gained back american cultural identity, and strengthened the defense system, which provided the foundation for it to defeat germany and japan in wwii.
Related
- explanatory
- argumentative
- opinion
- analytical
- The New Dealexplanatory essayAfter the Stock Market Crash of 1929, the stock market and the entire nation was ushered into a new age, The Great Depression. Many lives were shattered with the downfall of the market, every single movement by the Federal Reserve was watched and banks began to fail with the continuous withdraws of money, forcing many to close down leaving Americans who never get their money in time poor. One man though, had the rights and the responsibilities to change our economic situation, and shape what we know today as America. Franklin D. Roosevelt started The New Deal, many of its individual programs which still to this day affect us. While most people state that the economy recovered due to Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal Program, others considered World War II the end of the Great Depression and the economic crisis in its entirety, blaming Franklin D. Roosevelt for not implementing bigger reforms in order to turn the tide of the Great Depression.
In this essay, the author
- Opines that franklin d. roosevelt had the rights and the responsibilities to change our economic situation and shape what we know today as america.
- Explains that president hoover was struggling to regain control of america's struggling economy after the 1929 stock market crash known as black tuesday.
- Opines that franklin d. roosevelt was the name of change to the american people. he promised that he would end the great depression and start a new era in america's economy.
- Narrates how franklin roosevelt skipped the tradition of going to the inaugural ball and called congress into session from recess. roosevelt wanted to fulfill his promise by being responsible.
- States that franklin d. roosevelt, president of the united states of america, declares that an extraordinary occasion requires the congress to convene in extra session at the capitol in the city of washington on the ninth day of march, 1933.
- Explains that americans immediately took action and issued a banking holiday closing any remaining bank that could be salvaged to help them reorganize with the governments help.
- Explains that roosevelt passed many reforms that benefited the economy, businesses, jobs, and most importantly the people during his first 100 days of presidency.
- Explains that roosevelt passed the emergency banking relief act to restore a sense of security for americans when putting money in the banks.
- Explains that roosevelt created the federal deposit insurance corporation and the securities and exchange commission.
- Explains that margin and credit trading was limited to prevent prices in the market from rising uncontrollably. the 1929 stock market crash caused many to lose millions in savings and prevented investors from returning the borrowed money from trading with credit or on margin.
- Explains that roosevelt formed a new list of rights and responsibilities to the investors and companies that were going to join the stock market.
- Explains that the banking act of 1933 and 1935 made the federal reserve responsible for monetary policies for banks, the stock market, and many other businesses. the glass-steagall act was also passed to regulate speculation.
1076 wordsRead More - FDR: The New Dealexplanatory essayOutline Thesis: The various programs created by FDR’s New Deal helped bring the United States out of The Great Depression. Paper Outline Intro Who was FDR Why was he popular
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how the various programs created by fdr's new deal helped bring the united states out of the great depression.
- Explains how franklin delano roosevelt's new deal helped bring the united states out of the great depression.
- Explains that stock market speculation caused the great depression in the united states from 1929 to 1945. people bought stocks with money loaned from banks, and used these stocks as collateral to buy more stock.
- Explains that the economy at that time was not steady and national wealth wasn't distributed evenly. supply became greater than demand on products, and prices went up.
- Explains how the emergency banking act and the federal deposit insurance corporation helped re-establish american faith in banks.
- Explains how fdr brought in harry l. hopkins, known for his ability to get to the bottom of a problem quickly, to help support deteriorating relief programs in each state.
- Explains that the civil works administration, or cwa, created jobs for people to work on building or repairing roads, highways, parks, bridges and other public facilities.
- Explains the civilian conservation corps, or ccc, which was brought about mainly by hopkins. it required a specific screening of candidates to work on public projects.
- States that the men had to be u.s. citizens between the ages of seventeen and twenty-seven, out of school or work, capable of physical labor, over 60 inches but under 78 inches in height, more than 107 pounds in weight, and possess no fewer than three serviceable natural masticating teeth above and below.
- Explains that many war veterans seeking bonuses in washington d.c. were offered jobs regardless of the age limit. they left hopeless lives of poverty to work, learn and improve living conditions.
- Explains that the roosevelt administration turned its needs to helping business and industry. the national industrial recovery act, or nira, created the national recovery administration, nra, and the public works administration.
- Explains that business was insured by the securities and exchange commission, which mandated disclosure of all information on stocks being sold. the government and congress also gave the federal reserve board ity to manage the purchase of stock "on margin."
- Explains how the agricultural adjustment act gave farmers subsidies in exchange for a reduction of certain products. as prices rose, farmers could make new loans and remain in business.
- Explains how senator george w. norris of nebraska helped establish the tennessee valley authority, which produced electricity, created engaging recreation areas, and manufactured fertilizer.
- Explains roosevelt's social security act, which provided pensions for old-age workers and created unemployment insurance for people who were out of work.
- Concludes that fdr's new deal helped create programs that ended the great depression.
- Cites boardman, fon w. the thirties: america and the great depression. new york, henry z. walck, inc., 1967.
2042 wordsRead More - The New Dealexplanatory essayLeading up to the Great Depression, there were many problems that needed significant attention. The stock market crash was the primary contributor to the long years of national depression of the 1930s, but the events that came along with it were also very trying. Bank failures, mass unemployment, agricultural collapse, and industrial failures were all factors in this era of overwhelming melancholy, but with the election of 1932, a new plan was formed to change everything. President Roosevelt's New Deal was a new and radical approach to resolving the problems of the Great Depression because it was more left-winged than most ideas of that time and it contained innovative notions and concepts. Though unsuccessful in the end, his new plan for bringing the country out of despair was certainly creative and brought new ideas to the people about women in society and the care of the American people.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that roosevelt's ideas about funding and financially helping citizens were unique and original. the emergency banking relief act, civilian conservation corps, agricultural adjustment administration, tennessee valley authority, and national industrial recovery act were different from other public aid programs before them.
- Explains that the second new deal was a clear-cut left turn and some feared president roosevelt were turning socialist because of the radical new ideas that were being put through congress at this time.
- Explains franklin delano roosevelt's radical new deals for america during the great depression were new for the country especially during hard times. his winning personality and stunning confidence helped him secure his position.
- Explains that roosevelt's new deal was a radical approach to resolving the problems of the great depression. it was more left-wing than most ideas of that time.
1032 wordsRead More - The New Dealexplanatory essayThe New Deal a) In 1933, the new president of America, Franklin D Roosevelt, introduced The New Deal. He did this because of America's economic depression at the time. For example, many banks went bankrupt in the Wall Street Crash. This happened because, during the economic many people got involved in the stock market, especially in speculation.
In this essay, the author
- Opines that they had no choice but to go and live on.
- Explains that the fsa took over from the ra in 1937 and gave loans to farmers.
- Explains that the ccc was aimed at young men. they were able to sign on to it for a while.
- Explains that the new deal's main aims were to help the poor get back on their feet.
- Narrates huey long's new deal, a man who at first liked the idea of summary
- Opines that the new deal was a good idea on the whole.
1029 wordsRead More - The New Deal Reformsargumentative essayThe United States faced the worst economic downfall in history during the Great Depression. A domino effect devastated every aspect of the economy, unemployment rate was at an all time high, banks were declaring bankruptcy and the frustration of the general public led to the highest suicide rates America has ever encountered. In the 1930’s Franklin D Roosevelt introduced the New Deal reforms, which aimed to “reconcile democracy, individual liberty and economic planning” (Liberty 863). The New Deal reforms were effective in the short term but faced criticism as it transformed the role of government and shaped the lives of American citizens.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the united states faced the worst economic downfall in history during the great depression. franklin d roosevelt introduced the new deal reforms, which aimed to "reconcile democracy, individual liberty and economic planning."
- Analyzes how franklin d. roosevelt realized large corporations who gained monopolies were gaining immense influence on matters concerning government and the daily lives of american citizens.
- Explains that fdr's new deal reforms included the national industrial recovery act, agriculture adjustment act and social security act.
- Explains that the agricultural adjustment act regulated the production of "major crops" and introduced set production quotas to ensure production was as less as possible.
- Explains that the social security act of 1935 was introduced as a relief program as part of the new deal.
- Explains that the supreme court was fdr's biggest critic on his new deal reforms.
- Concludes that the new deal reforms expanded the role of the federal government, giving it more control over social issues like welfare and scrutinizing the economy when it saw permissible.
1052 wordsRead More - The Works Progress Administration: Bringing The Great Depressionexplanatory essayThe Works Progress Administration had the greatest effect on bringing the Great Depression to end out of all the programs that were created. The WPA was officially created on May 6th of 1933. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed an executive order to construct the program. It was made under the support of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act. At the time the relief program was put into action, there were around 10 million people who were unemployed. The program’s goal was to create as many jobs as possible and get the American people working again. Harry Hopkins worked very closely to the program and was originally given $4.8 billion to fund the plan. He believed that even though the program cost more than the others, it would be well worth
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the works progress administration had the greatest effect on bringing the great depression to end out of all the programs created.
280 wordsRead More - The New Dealexplanatory essayThe New Deal "How well did the New Deal combat the Depression?" I think that the answer to this question is that it did very well and I would give it a grade of an A. When Roosevelt took office, in 1933, he had three goals in mind, to save the banks, save the people, and to rebuild the economy. He set his sights on returning the banks to their prosperous days of the pre-depression age.
In this essay, the author
- Opines that the new deal combated the depression very well and gives it an a. roosevelt had three goals in mind when he took office in 1933: to save banks, save the people, and rebuild the economy.
- Explains how congress passed an emergency banking act that made federal loans available to private bankers, and an economy act, which required the government to balance the budget.
- Explains that roosevelt set up the securities act and thesecurities exchange act, which were overdue regulations for the stock market. these actions got the banks and the financial system started in the right direction.
- Explains that roosevelt was a conservative and realized the need to help the poor. he established the federal emergency relief administration and created organizations that offered jobs and self-esteem to the unemployed of the country.
- Explains that roosevelt established the homeowners' loan corporation, which allowed people to restructure or take out another mortgage on their homes.
- Explains that roosevelt felt that recovery would come from relief efforts, but also with the cooperation from agriculture and industrial groups.
- Explains that roosevelt's actions at a time when leadership was needed immensely helped this country return to its once prosperous hay days.
531 wordsRead More - The New Dealopinion essayDo you know what it’s like to live in a cardboard home, starve, and raise a family in poverty? Unfortunately, most Americans in the 1930s went through this on a day-to-day basis. In 1929 the stock market crashed. Many people lost their life savings; they invested everything they owned in a failing stock market. The country was falling, everyone needed strong leadership and help from the government.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that most americans in the 1930s lived in cardboard homes, starved, and raised a family in poverty. in 1929, the stock market crashed and people lost their life savings.
- Narrates the devastation and desperation that began on thursday, october 24, 1929, when stocks were dropping, and markets began to steady again on friday and saturday. president hoover refused to provide emergency relief.
- Explains that franklin delano roosevelt became america's 32nd president in 1933 and won the 1932 election against hoover by a landslide.
- Explains that fdr's promise was helpful and true for the hundreds of thousands of unemployed workers.
- Explains that the national industrial recovery act (nira) was created to protect those who were already working or owned businesses. however, businesses resented the codes that were becoming too strict.
- Explains that roosevelt shut down every bank in the nation, giving congress the power to inspect the stability of america's banks. the federal deposit insurance corporation (fdic) was formed to insure deposits of up to five thousand dollars.
- Explains that the programs of the new deal protected finances and gave money back to americans. the social security act provided citizens with a newfound sense of security.
- Explains that the federal emergency relief administration (fera) sent out five million dollars to depleted relief programs in its first two hours alone.
- Analyzes how different groups of people were affected by the great depression, such as the indian reorganization act of 1934, the wagner act, and the agriculture adjustment administration.
- Opines that the great depression did not change the way society saw women. men needed the comfort that women brought to them to fill in the gap left behind by the depression.
- Explains that men and women were both affected by the great depression, but the severity of the events was identical. many women, especially married, were fired from their jobs during the depression.
- Explains that harry hopkins estimated that four hundred thousand women were in dire need of immediate help from the government. as this number continued to escalade, he worked hard to set up relief programs.
- Explains that due to mrs. roosevelt's and mr. hopkins' hard work and dedication, several job programs were started, primarily for women.
- Opines that more attention was needed to help women who had unsatisfactory jobs. most of the jobs fera created failed due to private industry.
- Concludes that fdr saw problems in the united states and fixed them with the new deal. the programs he and others helped to create saved many lives, homes, and families.
- Cites ralph k. andrist and edmund o. stillman's the american heritage history of the 1920s & 1930s.
1578 wordsRead More - The New Dealanalytical essayThe New Deal The New Deal period has generally - but not unanimously - been seen as a turning point in American politics, with the states relinquishing much of their autonomy, the President acquiring new authority and importance, and the role of government in citizens' lives increasing. The extent to which this was planned by the architect of the New Deal, Franklin D. Roosevelt, has been greatly contested, however. Yet, while it is instructive to note the limitations of Roosevelt's leadership, there is not much sense in the claims that the New Deal was haphazard, a jumble of expedient and populist schemes, or as W. Williams has put it, "undirected". FDR had a clear overarching vision of what he wanted to do to America, and was prepared to drive through the structural changes required to achieve this vision.
In this essay, the author
- Opines that the new deal period was a turning point in american politics, with states relinquishing autonomy, the president acquiring new authority and importance, and the role of government in citizens' lives increasing.
- Analyzes how the new deal period represented a significant departure from us government and politics up to then. the contrast with herbert hoover's term could not have been more striking.
- Explains that roosevelt never intended to overthrow the constitution, nor did he wish for an end to capitalism and individualism. he harboured the american dream just like the millions of people who sent him to the white house a record four times.
- Explains that roosevelt's enthusiasm for his role as head of state established a new convention that the president would lead from the front.
- Explains that the presidency gained a great deal of power at the expense of other branches of government. the creation of the executive office in 1939 confirmed the extent of authority had passed to the white house.
- Explains that the new deal enabled the federal government to take over the burden. the tennessee valley authority was an example of co-ordination.
- Explains that the 1930s provided a framework for the scope of governmental action that remains intact today. the social security act and the national labor relations act of 1935 were representative of the momentous shift in the attitude of government.
- Explains that the new deal period saw the rebirth of issues politics, with the ideological divide between the democratic and republican parties wider than in a long time.
- Analyzes how the new deal period changed the course of american politics and government in several significant ways. fdr took advantage of circumstances and transferred power to himself and his administration, in order to apply his remedy to the great depression.
- Argues that roosevelt embarked on bolder rescue plans after discovering the recession was deeper and more stubborn than anticipated. the resistance of other political forces led him to favour changes to constitutional conventions and in the balance of power.
- Argues that roosevelt's commitment to greater social justice and a bigger role for government cannot be dismissed as merely by-product of his attempts to solve his economic frustrations.
- Analyzes how the new deal has been accused of lacking a clear vision and focus due to the sheer number of new initiatives that were launched, many of which overlapped or were abandoned.
- Explains that the new deal arrived at a time when america desperately needed leadership to drag it out of the hole it was in.
1629 wordsRead More - The New Deal Dbqexplanatory essayThe New Deal was a set of acts that effectively gave Americans a new sense of hope after the Great Depression. The New Deal advocated for women’s rights, worked towards ending discrimination in the workplace, offered various jobs to African Americans, and employed millions through new relief programs. Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR), made it his duty to ensure that something was being done. This helped restore the public's confidence and showed that relief was possible. The New Deal helped serve American’s interest, specifically helping women, african american, and the unemployed and proved to them that something was being done to help them.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the new deal gave americans a new sense of hope after the great depression. it advocated for women's rights, worked towards ending discrimination in the workplace, offered various jobs to african americans, and employed millions through new relief programs.
- Explains that the new deal advocated for women's economic and social rights immensely, giving them new opportunities and a more prominent role in the work force.
- Explains the new deal's benefits to african americans, including low-cost public housing, and the work projects administration. the roosevelt administration recognized the existence of a racial problem in american and how they managed to ameliorate it.
- Explains that fdr's push towards ending unemployment was significant and appreciable for the hundreds of thousands of unemployed workers.
- Explains that the new deal did not end the great depression, many were still living in poverty and were unemployed despite the new jobs being offered. it restored public confidence and created new programs that brought relief to millions of americans.
- Explains that roosevelt's new deal reshaped both the economy and structure of the u.s, proving it was an extremely effective move for the american society.
766 wordsRead More