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Identity definition essay
The concept of identity
How does society influence identity
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In today’s world, the word identity has taken a great amount of interest to the point where it has brought up many debates on topics such as race, sexuality, ethnicity, etc. What is important before debating on the topics is understanding what does identity actually mean, or what meanings does it have. The word identity means a person’s individuality and what makes them who they are. Someone can easily find out their identity by both looking through their family’s history and putting the puzzle pieces together. Many can say that it is very simple finding out where they come from, but in a clone’s case it is the complete opposite. According to Leyla Dinç, “Cloning is the production of one or more individual plants or animals that are genetically identical to an original individual. It has been used for centuries in plants and insects by using various techniques. However, mammalian cloning is a very recent development” (239). In the novel, “Never Let Me Go,” author Kazuo Ishiguro writes about three best friends, Kathy, Ruth and Tommy, who happen to be clones and live in a world in which technically they do not exist. Throughout their lives they struggle with finding out who they really are, where they came from, and where they will end up going. At such a young age they are being prepared for their reality, in which this case is being donors, living a restricted life and dying after donating. They struggle with knowing why them? Why are they the chosen ones to be in that position? They want to be able to understand why they live in the life they do, they want to be able to identify themselves without questioning whether or not it is true. Ishiguro elaborates on the issue of identity that the characters struggle wi...
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...n because they are clueless. They know what they are told. They cannot go search for their family’s background and see where they were born or who their ancestors are. In reality they have no family at all. The struggle that Kathy, Ruth and Tommy go through with identity is the struggle that all the children of Hailsham must have gone through. Being confused and having the loss of hope in finding out who you really are takes a toll on the three of them. As much as identity is an issue about individuality, it is also a social issue. Being characterized as a clone is not only rough but living the life they do is also agonizing. Kathy, Ruth and Tommy at the end come to the conclusion that they have lived their lives not knowing what they are and they will die not knowing either. They have no way of finding out. So in reality who are they if they themselves do not know.
Silver believes that Rachel will grow up just like any other child, but she will be “special.” Until the day that reproductive cloning is accepted in society, Rachel will be known for being “special.” Genetically, Jennifer isn’t Rachel’s mother. Jennifer is in fact Rachel’s twin sister. Rachel’s grandparents not only have the title of grandparents, but of Rachel’s genetic parents as well. Therefore, when considering cloning, reconsideration of the roles of relatives should be taken into account.
...ith a view of the lives of these students. “We took away your art because we thought it would reveal your souls. Or to put it more finely, we did it to prove you had souls at all.” (260). This quote reveals that not all of society is ignorant to these clones, and those who personally interact with them are able to see how immoral their existence truly is. Unfortunately, to most of the public, the idea of their existence being a cure for many deadly diseases, overrules the concept of their unjust treatment. “ There was a lot of support for our movement back then… before we knew it all out hard work had come undone… people did their best not to think about you.”(262 – 263). Even after the public revelations of the clones’ lives is exposed, and sympathy towards them starts to grow, people quickly change their minds and choose to ignore them, leaving them defenceless.
This representation of cloning as a means of bringing about the loss of individuality reflects two widespread ideas. The first is...
It's been three years since the birth of Dolly, the world's first successfully cloned animal. The announcement of her birth brought about much ado and sparked many debates concerning the morality of cloning. In the three years since Dolly was created, the debate over cloning has swelled and receded, but has never been put to rest. A compelling issue that has come into focus in the past several years is the idea of human cloning. Many scientists believe that it is inevitable because the technology is there, and anything that can be done eventually will be done. They preach the value of human clones, dropping phrases like 'cure for disease' and 'prolonged life' to entice the public into supporting their cause. Though these concepts seem beguiling, the notion of human cloning, when looked at as a whole, has serious repercussions and should not be entertained lightly.
Kazuo Ishiguro’s Never Let Me Go illustrates an alternate world where clones are created for the sole purpose of becoming organ donors. The story follows clones Kathy, Ruth, and Tommy as they are born into a society in which they slowly understand and accept, as they grow older. Kathy, the narrator, reflects on her experiences in Hailsham, the Cottages, and her life as a carer. Conformity and the acceptance of fate are two themes that are present throughout the novel. Kathy exhibits obedience to social norms and never thinks to challenge them. It is only until Kathy looks back at her past where she notices her acts of omission and questions why she never intervenes with reality.
Do you ever wish you could see yourself for what you truly are? To be able to meet yourself, see how you act, see how you communicate, or maybe simply just what type of person you are? Now think, what if you could actually do that? Science has now come to a revolutionary state in which we are able to clone organisms, but we aren’t advanced enough to clone humans yet. However, there is no question that we will be able to clone humans one day, the only problem is, would we want to? Despite how wonderful it seems to meet and be able to get to know you, the practice of cloning human beings has many ethical, societal, and environmental drawbacks.
The act of human cloning raises important socio-ethical implications in cases where cloning might change the shape of a family's structure by mixing the role of parenting within a family of complex relations. An example of this is when a female DNA donor would be the clone's genetic twin, rather than mother, complicating the genetic and social relationships between mother and child as well as the relationships between other family members and the clone. The ethical questions we need to ask in these situations, specifically one where a child is genetically bred to be a donor is whether doctors and parents producing another child are doing so exclusively in order to act as an organ donating factory, and also the moral question of how the child would feel about the process. Designer babies produced to save the lives or health of their siblings or parents would know that they have been brought into existence solely to satisfy a need and not out of love for their own existence. If the creation of these babies is allowed, it would seem like society views these new human beings as mere instruments for the good of others. This causes serious socio-political, economic, ethical and religious upheavals in societies that have only just began to realise and embrace the
Living in a world where they have successfully created human clones for organ donations, is not a great achievement to mankind in any way, shape, or form. It makes you wonder, where exactly do you draw the line between the advancement of technology and the dehumanization that occurs because of it?" Never Let Me Go is a Novel based in the main character Kathy’s memories of her experience in Hailsham and after she left. Hailsham is a boarding school for children who have been cloned from people considered as low life’s or unsuccessful, the only purpose given too these children are for them to develop into adults and donate as many of their mature organs as they can till they die, or as the students and guardians refer to it “complete”. The author focuses on the sick ways of our current society and warns us about the possible future that may be introduced and excepted, Kazuo Ishiguro writes with the intent of teaching and affecting the reader on an emotional level at the same time.
Cloning, a topic that has recently caused mayhem all over the world, is possible, but will it be here to stay? The astonishing news that scientists had cloned a sheep a couple of years ago sent people into panic at the thought that humans might be next. "Cloning is a radical challenge to the most fundamental laws of biology, so it's not unreasonable to be concerned that it might threaten human society and dignity" (Macklin 64). Since most of the opposition is coming from the pure disgust of actually being able to clone species, it makes it difficult for people to get away from the emotional side of the issue and analyze the major implications cloning would have for society. To better understand this controversial issue, the pros and cons of cloning will be discussed.
In his 1971 paper “Personal Identity”, Derek Parfit posits that it is possible and indeed desirable to free important questions from presuppositions about personal identity without losing all that matter. In working out how to do so, Parfit comes to the conclusion that “the question of identity has no importance” (Parfit, 1971, p. 4.2:3). In this essay, I will attempt to show that Parfit’s thesis is a valid one, with positive implications for human behaviour. The first section of the essay will examine the thesis in further detail, and the second will assess how Parfit’s claims fare in the face of criticism. Problems of personal identity generally involve questions about what makes one the person one is and what it takes for the same person to exist at separate times (Olson, 2010).
What is personal identity? This question has been asked and debated by philosophers for centuries. The problem of personal identity is determining what conditions and qualities are necessary and sufficient for a person to exist as the same being at one time as another. Some think personal identity is physical, taking a materialistic perspective believing that bodily continuity or physicality is what makes a person a person with the view that even mental things are caused by some kind of physical occurrence. Others take a more idealist approach with the belief that mental continuity is the sole factor in establishing personal identity holding that physical things are just reflections of the mind. One more perspective on personal identity and the one I will attempt to explain and defend in this paper is that personal identity requires both physical and psychological continuity; my argument is as follows:
In “Never Let Me Go” by Kazuo Ishiguro we see cloned human beings that are raised in a boarding school so that they can grow up and become organ donors. The main purpose of these kids was growing up and donating their organs one by one till they finally die at an early age. These kids were not treated as human beings. They were created in a test tube just to be a donor. The main character who was also a donor is the narrator of this story. Life should be controlled by the person that owns it and that person should make decisions how to live and where to live, clones are still human beings with soul and flesh there for they deserve human right. If they cannot get the right they deserve then cloning should be illegal unless there is understandable reason. These kids are raised in a place called hailsham, where they are taken care of so that they can stay healthy but they were not allowed to leave the school and socialize with the world till they turn eighteen and graduate.
Valde, G. (1996). Identity closure: A fifth identity status. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 157(3), 245-254.
The novel Tsotsi, by Athol Fugard, is a story of redemption and reconciliation, facing the past, and confronts the core elements of human nature. The character going through this journey, who the novel is named after, is a young man who is part of the lowest level of society in a poor shanty town in South Africa. Tsotsi is a thug, someone who kills for money and suffers no remorse. But he starts changing when circumstance finds him in possession of a baby, which acts as a catalyst in his life. A chain of events leads him to regain memories of his childhood and discover why he is the way he is. The novel sets parameters of being “human” and brings these to the consideration of the reader. The reader’s limits of redemption are challenged as Tsotsi comes from a life lacking what the novel suggests are base human emotions.
Lee Silver’s article “Reprogenetics: A Glimpse of things to Come” explores the future possibility of human cloning. Silver describes a theoretical situation of an expectant mother who is carrying her own clone. This ‘sci-fi’ plot is a looming possibility with the numerous medical advancements. As the Bible does not directly condemn human cloning Christians must infer whether this is right or wrong. Wayne Joseph’s, an author for the Christian Courier, wrote “The Ethics of Human Cloning” he describes a series of the moral implications of cloning. He asks why scientists want to clone human beings. He answers this question by writing, “…they are anxious to create a brand of create a brand of humans with whom they can experiment.” He compares their actions as being similar to Adolf Hitler during the cold war. He describes scientists’ actions as being similar to slavery. That clones would be destroyed in the misguided notion, that is purportedly to improve the quality of life.