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Feminism has without a doubt changed over the past hundred years. What started out as a fight for equal civil rights turning into a term with many different opinions and definitions. There are multiple approaches on how to define the feminism movement. Today, television and the media play a large part in how the public views feminism. How television interprets feminism is, for the most part, how the rest of the public will as well. Since television plays such a large part in influencing the public, this paper will aim to see if specifically the television series Gossip Girl has an attitude that gives off a negative view of feminism.
In order to examine this question there must be an understanding of what feminism is. Since feminism has changed so much over the years, the three different waves need to be looked at. Secondly, it needs to be clear what anti-feminism representations would be, along with post-feminism representations. Then, there needs to be an examination of how women have been portrayed in television and media in the past couple of decades.
These three factors will help establish a basis to further examine the negative messages of feminism that Gossip Girl gives out. This paper will look at two episodes of Gossip Girl and more specifically the character Blair Waldorf to see what and how negative views of feminism are being shown.
Part I: Feminism and its Three Waves
It is difficult to have just one single definition of what feminism is. Sally Scholz states that a very general definition of feminism would be “equal rights for women” (1). She goes on to say though that feminism “looks at all aspects of life to identify those elements that might be oppressive and suggests alternatives” (1). Susan Loui...
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...ally 5 years of having Blair go back and forth in relationships. It goes back to the idea that “girls are more valuable if they were desired by boys” (Myers 8). There are hardly any episodes where Blair is a single woman. This gives off the impression that Blair simply couldn’t be successful if she didn’t have a man by her side.
Conclusion
Feminism will always be around with changing definitions and different meanings. Feminism represented in television will also be constantly changing, given the fact that it has already changed so much in the past 40 years. The series Gossip Girl has further helped the understanding of representations of feminism in television and media. This show displayed what kind of anti-feminist messages are given off to the public. It showed how it interpreted feminism which is likely how it was interpreted by the shows fandom as well.
The documentary, “Miss Representation,” is a film about how women are perceived in the media. It is written, directed, and produced by Jennifer Siebel Newsom. She is an actress and a film maker who advocates for women. In the beginning of the documentary, Newsom discusses her struggles as a young woman surrounded by the pressures of looking a certain way. This film is targeting mainly women of all age that has experienced her struggles. Jennifer Siebel Newsom effectively convinces the audience of “Miss Representation” that the media has molded women in a negative way through statistics, celebrities’ and younger generation’s testimonies, and clips from the media.
In "Where the girls are: Growing Up Female With the Mass Media," Susan Douglas analyses the effects of mass media on women of the nineteen fifties, and more importantly on the teenage girls of the baby boom era. Douglas explains why women have been torn in conflicting directions and are still struggling today to identify themselves and their roles. Douglas recounts and dissects the ambiguous messages imprinted on the feminine psyche via the media. Douglas maintains that feminism is a direct result of the realization that mass media is a deliberate and calculated aggression against women. While the media seemingly begins to acknowledge the power of women, it purposely sets out to redefine women and the qualities by which they should define themselves. The contradictory messages received by women leave women not only in a love/hate relationship with the media, but also in a love/hate relationship with themselves.
In both of these series, representations and meanings of masculinity and femininity are affected by the ideology of patriarchy. Even though it is true that these shows tried to fight back against stereotypical representations of men and women, the subtle textual evidence in these shows show that there are limits to how gender norms can be represented on television, especially in the Classic Network
While some other shows attempt to present flawed female characters, they fail in making the viewer sympathize and understand them. Instead, the viewer sees these characters as “unlikeable” and often the women end up at the receiving end of a joke and then serve no further purpose. Alsop argues that newer television shows such as Transparent, Fleabag, and Girls have characters with multiple flaws, some that may even seem irredeemable, but the characters do not let those flaws define them. This causes the viewer to empathize with the characters on a deeper level. What the author of the article may not know is that of those three shows mentioned, the writing, directing, and producing credits go mostly, if not exclusively, to women. Perhaps this is the difference that makes these television shows stand out in today’s feminist dialogue and allows the viewer to empathize with the characters rather than judge
In American culture today, women continue the struggle of identifying what their roles in society are supposed to be. Our culture has been sending mixed messages to the modern day female, creating a sense of uneasiness to an already confusing and stressful world. Although women today are encouraged more than ever to be independent, educated, and successful, they are often times shamed for having done just that. Career driven females are frequently at risk of being labeled as bossy, unfeminine, or selfish for competing in many career paths that were once dominated by men. A popular medium in our culture such as television continues to have significant influences as to how people should aspire to live their lives. Viewers develop connections with relatable characters and to relationship dynamics displayed within their favorite shows. Fictional characters and relationships can ultimately influence a viewer’s fashion sense, social and political opinion, and attitude towards gender norms. Since the days of Bewitched and I Dream of Jeanie, where women were commonly portrayed as being the endearing mischievous housewife, television shows have evolved in order to reflect real life women who were becoming increasingly more independent, educated, and career oriented throughout the subsequent decades. New genres of television are introduced, such as the workplace comedy, where women are not only career oriented, but eventually transition into positions of power.
Feminism today has not changed that much since the twentieth century. Some women choose to flaunt their bodies and have lots of sex while others conserve themselves and think an active sex life is slutty. Some women think having long hair makes them more of a feminist then women with short hair. Feminism is characterized more by what someone is doing and not what they believe. The feminist movement has constantly been a way for women to get their opinion out publicly in rational and sometimes irrational ways. Overall, modern day feminism is not about how women shouldn’t do this or that but about what women can do to be perceived as equal to men.
The image that is usually placed with feminism is that of a rabid, bra-burning, lesbian running around disclaiming the patriarchy. It could be that of a mid-century housewife complaining about how her only career choices are between teacher and secretary, or even of a woman with a sash and banner walking in front of the White House; preaching about her right to vote. However, this isn't necessarily the case. Ever since the rise of the internet, in the late 20th Century, feminism has had a revival causing it to grow in popularity and spread across forums everywhere. Women are joining this “third wave” movement to bring an end to the societal injustices that still plague the gender today (qtd. in Haslanger et al.). Feminism currently represents much more than it did in its infantile stage, having evolved to include relevant issues that affect every woman in today’s subordinating world. Issues such as rape culture, slut shaming, abortion and the wage gap have all been adapted into the feminist agenda with the hope that, as a united force, women could bring change to a misogynist society. The bra burning days are over, and feminism is on a rise, bringing light to issues that need to be addressed.
The “Bad girls club” has gained much success in rating, because of the negative aspects shown in women. Every Tuesday millions of watcher tune in to watch these women make a fool of their self, partying and getting intoxicated until losing control or black out. A woman who is a part of this show consider their self as a “bad”. The Bad Girls Club shows the stereotypes women deal with currently. Fight for no reason, making everything a competition, bring one another down and giving each other labels. For example: if two of the girls didn’t get along , they would try to get rid of them by fight each other, throw all their stuff out onto the street and putting their bed in the pool. Meanwhile, many reality shows continue the traditional race and gender based stereotypes. The “Bad girls club” is a product of this misleading format that supports profit-making and negative stereotypes under the appearance of reality television. If people use stereotypes to understand an issue, the decision they make in their life may have negative consequences for the group being stereotyped, whether people intend it or not. In this way, portrayals in the media might help perpetuate discrimination and negativity (Gorham
Today, love, sex and romance are three main topics that presented in media as main themes discuss in contemporary popular culture. Social media is important in shaping audience value about feminism through the framework of contemporary media like films, magazines, plays, advertisements, TV shows, graphic novels, etc. The television show “Sex and the City” incorporates “pop feminism” that influences many lives of women. Sex and the City is originally talking about four single thirty-something women living in Manhattan. They are coming to New York in order to seek “love and labels” (Sex and the City). The main theme of Sex and the City is concentrating on contemporary American woman’s conception of sex, love, and romance. As we learned from lecture, sex, love, and romance have a history; they are different in different cultures; they are shaped by gender, class, race, ethnicity, nation, ability, and other differences (Lecture Notes). Sex and the City is focusing on modern American woman’s experiences and their thinks with sex, love, and romance. The four main women characters in Sex and the City represent diversity of gender, class, race, ethnicity, religion, age, able-bodiedness through their different experience and expectations of their life (Lecture Notes). Sex and the City represents that the feminism notions of sex, love, and romance are socially constructed, and this social construction of sex, love and romance are featured in these female characters’ personalities.
America, the country which is bonded happily by capitalism and which stresses the importance of freedom and pursuit of happiness is not as unified as most authors would agree it is. If one looks closely towards the nation, and how the various communities differ from one another, one would possible be able to assert that this country is not all uniformed. Much of the differences in identity rely on the social class and historic factors. Having equality amongst the gender has been one of the major issues that define differences. The struggles minorities and women have faced because of their oppressive social system has created the notion of feminism.
A second example of how women are muted according to Kramarae is the depiction of them in mass media. Women are rarely the heroes of television shows, and in cartoons they appear "emotional, apologetic, or just plain wishy-washy" (Griffin, 459). Breakthroughs for feminism on television have come with shows like Mary Tyler Moore and the current Murphy Brown. Both main charac...
Feminism is the result of the woman’s liberation movement, which began in the 18th century and gained momentum in the late 19th century after it was found that males were completely dominating every area of life. The word feminism at any point in time, has had many negative connotations to it as well as a good majority of the
The influence of the media on women is not unknown, but it was especially prevalent in the 1960s. According to David Croteau and William Hoynes, both professors of sociology, “Media images of women and men reflect and reproduce a whole set of stereotypical but changing gender roles” (quoted in Mahrdt 1) and, as society changes and opinions are altered, television shows adapt. However, the television show Mad Men is unique because it does not show life today, but the life of the 1960s. It shows what life was like for the women who lived during a time when the “feminine mystique” controlled society.
For example, the representation of women on television was for a long time restricted to roles of “loving wives, dutiful daughters, gossiping girlfriends, fashion plates, and the occasional dowdy maid, nanny, or granny” (Zeisler 2008, p. 9), which is a reflection on the roles it was considered ‘acceptable’ for women to take on in real life. Often going against the hegemonic gender ideal is used as shorthand for comedy within popular culture, such as men dressed femininely being played for laughs on countless sitcoms. Popular culture that genuinely challenges hegemonic ideology often faces backlash, as was the case when Ellen DeGeneres’ character coming out on Ellen (1997), as did the actress in real life, resulted in the show being cancelled after only one more season. This is reflective of what was the pervasive belief, that heterosexuality is the only acceptable option, though the changing attitudes about this can be seen through the increased inclusion of gay and bisexual characters in pop culture over the past two decades. Looking at the relationship between gender and popular culture consequently becomes important to the field of gender studies as it provides a way to study not only what is considered to be the gender norms in a society, but how these norms have
Feminism is defined as the theory of the political, economic, and social equality of the sexes. It began as an organized activity on behalf of women?s rights and interests. This concept was developed to help women earn a place in a predominantly male society. Unfortunately over the years, the intentions of feminism have become distorted, not only by anti-feminists, but also by the feminists themselves. The principle of equality for women and men has turned into a fight in which feminists wish to be better than men. Feminism has been twisted and misunderstood so much that it has become a harmful idea.