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"Great things are not done by impulse, but by a series of small things brought together." -- (Van Gogh) The building block for almost any accomplishment requires some sort of external assistance. City of Thieves by David Benioff is a tale about how two petty and solitary characters are thrown together to achieve an incredible feat. By themselves, the two fellows would have had no chance whatsoever of completing the task set forth for them, but together they form a much stronger bond, and are able to overcome hardship and grow personally. Throughout history and literature are examples of men and women collaborating and achieving something fantastic. Some combinations include Watson and Crick, discoverers of the double helix structure of human DNA, Frodo Baggins and Samwise Gamgee from The Lord of the Rings series by J.R.R Tolkien, the famous explorers Lewis and Clark, and Russian convicts Lev and Kolya from City of Thieves. Collaboration is a necessity to achieve greatness. By collaborating, personal growth occurs in both parties.
James Watson and Francis Crick are two famous scientists who through their partnership discovered the “…novel feature of the structure [double helix] in a manner in which the two chains are held together…” (Watson and Crick 737). Although the information pertinent to their discovery was floating around the scientific world, it was scattered and not very cohesive. The two men collaborated and summarized much of the data that was available and published their findings as their own: “Both argumentatively and stylistically, then, Watso...
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Lewis, Meriwether, William Clark, and Bernard Voto. The journals of Lewis and Clark.
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (HMH), 1953. 214-50. Print.
Staw, Barry, and Jack Goncalo. "Individualism- Collectivism and Group Creativity." U.S. News and World Reports 21 July 2006: 1. Web. 26 Feb 2010.
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Tolkien, J. R. R. Return of the king being the third part of The lord of the rings. Boston:
Houghton Mifflin, 1986. Print.
Van Gogh, Vincent. "Quotes on Courage, Hope, and Overcoming Obstacles." Inspirational
Quotes. Web. 26 Feb 2010. challenges/quote-challenges.html>. Watson, John, and Francis Crick. "Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids." Nature 4536 (1953): 737-38.
Web. 26 Feb 2010. .
I never even thought about this word “individualism” before I came to America. Instead of collective, normal is the way I considered as my culture, and for American culture, I would say they are selfish and unkindly sometimes back then. However, after my 2-year study here and all the research I’ve been read for this paper, now I say that neither individualism nor collectivism is purely bad or good.
This article provides me a detailed research on a group of American and Chinese adults with plenty of data and analysis. They provided a lot of real and objective opinion on the comparison between individualism and collectivism. The fact of the whole respondents are students gives me an advantage on finding better ways to understand and use this research in my
Andre, Claire, and Manuel Velasquez. "American Society and Individualism." American Society and Individualism. Markkula Center for Applied Ethics, 2010. Web. 15 Dec. 2013.
Tolkien, J. R. R., and Douglas A. Anderson. The Lord of the Rings. Boston: Houghton Mifflin,
Francis Crick: He does the same research with Watson and they are both teammates. He is also eager to know what is in DNA and the relationship of it with the double-helix, but at the same time is disorganised, and expected Watson to do a majority of work.
Hypothesis: “We hypothesize that the performance of individual members in such situations is likely to be highest when the members hold both individualist and collectivist orientations toward their work” (Hollenbeck, Humphrey, Meyer, Wagner, 2012, pg. 947).
Tolkien, J. R. R. The Hobbit, Or, There and Back Again. New York: Ballantine, 1982. Print
Tolkien, J.R.R. Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers. New York, New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1954. Print.
Individualism in today’s society is the “belief that each person is unique, special, and a ‘basic unit of nature’.” The individualism concept puts an “emphasis on individual initiative” where people act independently of others and use self-motivation to prosper. The individualists “value privacy” over community the individual thrives to move ahead in life (U S Values).
London: Tavistock Publications, Inc. BENSON, J. E. & RIVER, 1987. The 'Secondary' of the Working More Creatively with Groups? 2nd edn. of the year. London: Routledge COREY, G. COREY, M.S. CALLANAN, P.; RUSSELL, J.M. 2004.
"The discovery of the structure by Crick and Watson, with all its biological implications, has been one of the major scientific events of this century." (Bragg, The Double Helix, p1) In the story of The Double Helix, James Watson tells of the road that led to the discovery of life's basic building block-DNA. This autobiography gives insight into science and the workings within a professional research laboratory that few members of society will ever be able to experience. It also gives the reader an idea of the reality of life for one scientist and how he struggled with the problem of DNA. However, the author's style is marked by his lack of objectivity and inclusion of many biased opinions and personal prejudices.
Stewart, G., Manz, C., & Sims, H., (1999). Teamwork and Group Dynamics. New York: Wiley. pp. 70- 125.
According to Sledge, Miles, and Coppage (2008) individualism versus collectivism is “the concepts of ‘I and Me’ versus ‘We and Us’” (p. 1670). Some cultures rely heavily on groups and teams. Collective societies look at group accomplishments rather than individual accomplishments. Some countries such as China and Japan rely heavily on groups. Countries like the United States and Canada are more of an individualism society. People focus more on individual accomplishments. Teams have started to become popular in the United States, but are not as effective as in a collective society. In a country where individualism is strong individual recognition and rewards would be effective motivators.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a self-replicating molecule or material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent in chromosomes. It encodes the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and many viruses. Simply put, DNA contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, survive and reproduce. The discovery and use of DNA has seen many changes and made great progress over many years. James Watson was a pioneer molecular biologist who is credited, along with Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins, with discovering the double helix structure of the DNA molecule. The three won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1962 for their work (Bagley, 2013). Scientist use the term “double helix” to describe DNA’s winding, two-stranded chemical structure. This shape looks much like a twisted ladder and gives the DNA the power to pass along biological instructions with great precision.
The concept of both, individualism and collectivism involves the aspects in which individuals live their lives in today’s society. Therefore, the idea of each attribute is to help one understand the difference between individual thinking and collective thinking from a cultural perspective. Both individualism and collectivism play a critical role in determining the scale for which people in today’s society function or think, whether individually are in a social setting. According to Oyserman, Coon, and Kemmelmeier (2002), from a cultural perspective, individualism and collectivism are both attributes that explain the differences in how one understands the relationship between individuals and groups” (Oyserman, Coon, & Kemmelmeier, 2002).