On January 31, 1797, Franz Schubert was born in Himmelpfortgrund, Austria. He was the fourth surviving son of Franz Theodor and Elisabeth Schubert. His musical gift was demonstrated ever since his youth. His family’s love of music influenced Schubert from early on. As a child, he already had the ability to play the “piano, organ, and violin.” (Thompson) He also had excellent talent as a singer. And because of his father’s occupation as a schoolmaster, he was able to receive a comprehensive musical education.
In 1808, Schubert enrolled at the Stadtkonvikt, a school that trained young vocalists for church and court, with a scholarship that gave him a spot at the court’s chapel choir. At the school, he was taught by Wenzel Ruzicka, the imperial court organist, and Antonio Salieri, highly esteemed composer who venerated Schubert’s talents in music. Salieri adored Schubert and his skills as a musician that he is known to have said, “He knows everything already, he said; he has been taught by God.” (Wechsberg) Then, in 1812, Schubert’s voice broke, which resulted in his forced leave...
Sadie, Stanley. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Essays on his Life and his Music. United States: Oxford University Press. 1996, Print.
In 1681, Georg Philipp Telemann was born into a family connected to the Lutheran Church. He had exceptional musical abilities, mastering the keyboard, violin, zither, and flute by the age of ten. He composed an opera “Sigismundus” at the age of twelve as well. Telemann was determined to excel in music especially with the disapproval from his parents. After finishing grade school at Hildesheim Gymnasium, he began college at Leipzig University studying language and science. That eventually changed when he created the student Colle...
It was not only until the spring of that year that he for first time left Hamburg professionally. He undertook a tour with the Hungarian violinist Eduard Remenyi for the purpose of introducing himself and his works. At Gottingen they gave a concert in which the young pianist made a deep impression upon the musicians present. He and Remenyi were to play Beethoven?s Kreutzer sonata, but at the last moment it was discovered that the piano was half a tone too low.
Johannes Brahms, a striking individual of unmistakable character, is defined by his compositions as meticulous and enlightened. His comprehensive grasp on classical and baroque form, with his familiarity of counterpoint and musical development, allowed him to effortlessly traverse and cultivate upon the musical architecture laid out by the likes of Bach and Beethoven. Born in Hamburg in 1833, he was the son of Johann Jacob Brahms, who travelled from North Germany, in which the family name “Brahms(t)” propagated (Musgrave 4). His father being a musician by profession instigated Brahms into his own domain of music. With Brahms’ first instruments being the violin, cello and the natural horn (predecessor of the French horn), it was discovered that the genius possessed absolute pitch and had also developed a system of notation on his own even before formal introductions into music (Musgrave 9). His astonishing understanding of musical rudiments was further cemented at age seven by his first teacher Otto Friedrich Willibald Cossel, with piano literature ranging from Bach to Schubert to Clementi (Musgrave 10). The young gifted talent quickly matured, with his compositions being sedulously characterized in craft similar to the seasoned taste of aged liquor. Following in the wake of Beethoven, his style of romanticism seemed restrained, and viewed as being confined to classical forms. With his preference towards absolute music, his works demonstrated “as [Ian] McEwan/ [Clive] Linley would have it, at the intersection of emotion and reason” and of “powerful intellect and of passionate expressivity” (Platt and Smith 4). However, being the headstrong romantic that he is, he manipulated the limiting factor into an area of expanse, in which he...
Robert Schumann (June 8, 1810 - July 29, 1856) was a famous German composer and music critic of the Romantic Era. He was known for many of his piano, vocal, choral and orchestral works, but had only composed mainly for piano up until 1840 when he married his wife Clara Wieck. Out of Robert Schumann’s short, well-lived life, he only wrote four symphonies in his lifetime. These Symphonies were: (1841) Symphony No. 1 in B-flat major, Op. 38 ( “Spring Symphony”), (1847) Symphony No. 2 in C major, Op. 61, (1850), Symphony No. 3 in E-flat major, Op. 97 (“Rhenish”), and ( 1841) Symphony No. 4 in D minor, Op. 120. 1841 was named Schumann’s symphony year, because it was the year that most of his symphonies were composed and performed, causing him to be one of the highlights of the Romantic Era. In this paper, drawing upon scores and recordings from Robert Schumann's Symphony in D minor Op. 120 and Symphony in B flat Major, op. 38 "Spring", peer reviewed articles and dissertations, and books published, I will argue that, Robert Schumann's Symphony year was in fact the year 1841, the year where his Symphony's became successful and prominent.
Born to poor parents in Hamburg, Germany, Brahms’s first music lessons come from his father who played the double bass. Known as a prodigy of the piano at nine, he quickly started to study seriously and began to compose. Incredibly, at fifteen he gave a public concert and by the time he turned twenty, he had composed piano pieces that are still played today. Moreover, after he taught at Dusseldorf for some time, he became attached to the court of Lippe-Detmold in which he settled until 1860. Constantly composing, he again resided in Hamburg after 1860. For the first time, he visited Vienna in 1862 and remained there. He spent increasingly more of his time in composition during the last twenty years of his life. Furthermore, he went on tours to play and conduct his own compositions, and received increasing honors and popularity. Brahms never married and also never left the continent of Europe, refusing to even visit England when Cambridge University desired to grant him an honorary degree. He was a humorous, gruff and a rather disorderly man, and by the 1890’s, he had become one of the most distinguished citizens of Vienna. (Weinstock 457).
Franz began to compose at the age of eight. When only nine he made his first public appearance as a concert pianist. His playing so impressed the local Hungarian magnates that they put up the money to pay for his musical education for the next six years. Liszt’s father obtained leave of absence from his post and took Franz to Vienna. He gave several concerts in Vienna, with great success.
Convinced that Scott’s musical aptitude was far beyond his age, German professor of music Julius Weiss decided to increase the depth of his learning and mentor the talented eleven-year-old without charge. Here, he gained a greater knowledge of folk and opera music and their numerous elements. By the time he was a blossoming teenager, he had already mastered instruments such as the piano, violin, and cornet, all while singing and serving as a dance musician.
Schubert's instrumental works show development over a long period of time, but some of his greatest songs were composed before he was 20 years old. In Schubert's songs the literary and musical elements are perfectly balanced, composed on the same intellectual and emotional level. Although Schubert composed strophic songs throughout his career, he did not follow set patterns but exploited bold and free forms when the text demanded it. Except for his early training as a child, Schubert the composer, was largely untrained and self-taught. His gift of being able to create melodies that contained both easy naturalness and sophisticated twists at the same time was unprecedented for his time. On this quality rests the reputation that music history finally gave Schubert.
When researching various romantic composers, it is easy to see how different they are and the reflection pinpointed during the romantic era. Although Franz Schubert and Franz Liszt have some minor similarities, the differences between the romantic composers are remarkable.
Ludwig van Beethoven, a German composer, generally considered one of the greatest composers in the Western tradition. Born in Bonn, Beethoven was reared in to the capricious discipline of his father, a singer in the court chapel. In1789, because of his father's alcoholism, the young Beethoven became a court musician in order to support his family. His early compositions under the tutelage of German composer Christian Gottlob Neefe, particularly the funeral on the death of Holy Roman Emperor Joseph || in1790, signaled an important talent, and it was planned that Beethoven study in Vienna, Australia, with Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Although Mozart's death in 1791 prevented this, Beethoven went to Vienna in 1792, and he became a pupil of an Australian composer named Joseph Haydn.
Born on May 22nd, 1813 in Leipzig, Germany, Richard Wagner became one of the world’s most significant conductors and composers. As a child, Wagner was told he had no talent in a musical aspect, however he went on to write a drama at the age of eleven and a musical composition at the age of sixteen. His music career carried on to his University studies at Leipzig University where he wrote and performed his first symphony in 1833. Wagner showed much confidence and drive from a young age and that proved to be a personality trait he would keep for his lifetime. In his obituary The New York Times wrote “In the face of mortifying failures and discouragements, he apparently never lost confidence in himself”.
Joseph Haydn is regarded as one of the greatest composers of the classical period. He is often called the father of both the symphony and the string quartet, and he founded what is known as the Viennese classical school, which consisted of himself, his friend, Wolfgang Mozart, and his pupil, Ludwig van Beethoven. During his lifetime, he produced a mind-boggling amount of music. He lived from the end of the baroque period to the beginning of the romantic period, and presided over the transition between them.
Ludwig van Beethoven was an extraordinary music composer, especially considering he was deaf most of his life and career. He was born in Germany on December 16, 1770. Many obstacles were hurled at him, but he triumphed over them, and even deafness didn’t stop him from composing some of the worlds greatest, and most recognized music compositions (Rosenwald 167). His life, music, and his musical styles and techniques all contribute to his life story.
As a youth he reluctantly studied law, as much bore by it as Schumann had been, and even became a petty clerk in the Ministry of Justice. But in his early twenties he rebelled, and against his family's wishes had the courage to throw himself into the study of music at the St. Petersburg Conservatory. He was a ready improviser, playing well for dancing and had a naturally rich sense of harmony, but was so little schooled as to be astonished when a cousin told him it was possible to modulate form any key to another. He went frequently to the Italian operas which at that time almost monopolized the Russian stage, and laid t...