“examine the nature of reality”, defined in Friedenberg and Silverman (2015). This studies the issue of mind-body, asking questions, such as, “What is the mind? Is it physical? Does the body necessarily need a mind?” As well as “What is consciousness? Does it exist in everything? “The mind-body problem addresses how physiological or mental properties are related to physical properties”. Monism is a concept believed by Greek philosopher Aristotle (384-322 BCE), in which everything is one, including
Dualism is the idea that the mind is a separate entity that has no connection to the physical body. The discussion of free will and its compatibility with determinism comes down to one’s conception of actions. Most philosophers and physicists would agree that events have specific causes, especially events in nature. The question becomes more controversial when philosophers discuss the interaction between human beings, or agents, and the world. If one holds the belief that all actions and events
how would one react? One can view the mind-body problem to differentiate his or her mental and physical perspective. An individual can address his or her perspective as a monist, dualist or functionalist. My perspective is that I am a substance and a property dualist because I view that the mind and body are made out of different properties, where the mind is not composed by the same substance as the body. On top of this, I also believe that even though the mind can be made up of physical properties
Why Isn't Consciousness Empirically Observable? Emotional Purposes As Basis For Self-Organization ABSTRACT: Most versions of the knowledge argument say that if a scientist observing my brain does not know what my consciousness 'is like,' then consciousness is not identical with physical brain processes. This unwarrantedly equates 'physical' with 'empirically observable.' However, we can conclude only that consciousness is not identical with anything empirically observable. Still, given the intimate
controlled experiments using individual animals and humans. His research with animals, focusing on the kind of learning—known as operant conditioning—that occurs as a consequence of stimuli, demonstrates that complex behavior such as language and problem solving can be studied scientifically. Skinner also postulated the concept of reinforcement. Bibliography: Encarta Fred Wilson, Rochester Institute of Technology Fred, again. School of Mathematics and Statistics, St. Andrews, Scotland