THESIS: There is strong evidence to see a footprint of the Turks in the New World.
Hundreds of years ago, there were tales of a tri-racial people different from others. This tri-racial group of people was simply called mysterious. In eighteenth century Virginia this mysterious group was pushed and forced further west, higher up in the mountains as Scotch, Irish, English and other settlers moved into the area where the mysterious people had been living for centuries.
Only one, yes, only one word.
One awful word, a dark word, a lonely word, a mysterious but a powerful word continued over the centuries in confusion, derision but pride.
MELUNGEON!
Racial, social, and cultural differences over three hundred years made them second class citizens in the regions where this people was named Melungeons.
A little mention is made of these enigmatic Melungeons throughout history as a mysterious and lost people. Nobody seemed to know for sure who these people were or where they came from. They spoke an earlier form of English but with dark skin did not look white European.
The loss of rights and land caused many Melungeons to leave the areas where they lived for centuries and to start over in new areas where no one knew them. These people made themselves friendly with the Indians and lived in a peaceful Utopia of their own creations. Afterwards, they married the local Indians, and also subsequently their descendants married the local Negroes and the whites, thus this mixture was going to become the formation of the present day Melungeons.
Current popular theory suggests that the Melungeons were descendants of abandoned Portuguese and Spanish settlers.
The English word Melungeon has both Arabic and Turkish roots, meaning "cursed soul." Also in Portuguese, "Melungo" means shipmate. In the Turkish language Melungeons are called Melun-can, "Melun" being a borrowed word from Arabic meaning one that carries bad luck and ill omen. And "can," which is Turkish, means soul. Meluncan then means a person whose soul is a born loser (Melungeons' Home Page). This term was in common usage among sixteenth-century Ottoman Turks, Arabs, and Muslim converts to Christianity in Spain and Portugal, and is still understood by modern Turks as a self-deprecating term by a Muslim who feels abandoned by God.
Traditionally, Melungeons have been darker skinned people and, as a result, have frequently been discriminated against by their Anglo-Saxon neighbors. Many Melungeons have hidden their heritage, and until recently, history has not revealed where they came from or even how long they have lived on the American Continent.
The first chapter focuses on the first impressions between the people of different color also the reasons Africans had evolved or changed into what they now appeared to be. The section on causes of complexion was both fascinating and entertaining. Many of the theories were of the wall and far fetched. One such opinion of how Africans gained their complexion that the book gave includes an ancient Greek myth of Phaeton. This character drove a chariot into the heavens and thus altered in his appearance (p11). Though this Greek myth, probably not the truth of how Africans gained their color many did believe it probably had something to do with the sun. The theory of equatorial dwellers of Africa, this being the reason for the skin pigmentation, became illogical once Africans were compared to the Indians living in the hottest parts of the New World (p14). Some believed that the African was merely dark because they had left their colder northern climate. Experiments quickly ruled this out as a possible answer (p15). The most far-fetched and humorous theory came through the biblical illustration involving Noah. Many believed it the curse given upon Noah’s son Ham for “looking upon his father’s nakedness” (p17). Each of these contrasting views on color needed to be used in this book. For no better reason in that it showed from an initial point that the English viewed the color of the Africans as a plague. Instead of excepting that Africans may in fact be different, the English consistently made attempts to explain the dif...
The peninsulares were people who were born in Spain and migrated to the colonies which tended to be the wealthiest. Then came the Creoles (pure Spanish blood that were born in America), the mestizos (mixed with Spanish and Indian ancestry), the mulattos (mixed African and Spanish blood) and free blacks, the Indians, and at the bottom were the slaves (African descents). Also, the lower classes cause an uprising which frightened the Creoles because they feared that they would lose “property, control of the land, and their lives” (Modern World History), so they wanted to lead the fight for independence as well as support
Ivan Van Sertima was a professor of Africana Studies at Rutgers University when he published the book They Came Before Columbus in 1976. The premise of this book stemmed from Van Sertima’s belief that there was an African presence in the New World, before Christopher Columbus in 1492. He hypothesized that Africans travelled to South America centuries prior to European explorers. Van Sertima alleged that pre-Columbian civilizations were strongly influenced by African travelers. He thoroughly examined possible cultural parallels between Africans and Native Americans; the first-hand accounts of the European explorers; and the intercontinental transportation of goods. Van Sertima argued that contact between the Nubians and Olmecs in 700 B.C.E. and followed by other contacts from Mali in 1300 C.E., altered indigenous art and architecture while proposing that explorers like Columbus and Balboa documented this hidden history between Africans and Native Americans. Van Sertima affirmed that pre-Columbian civilizations were strongly influenced by African travelers and cited several authorities that supported his ethnocentric views that Africans were not slaves but traders and priests who were respected by the native population.
All around the world there are thousands even millions of children who are waiting to be adopted. Many who are troubled children, and for that reason they are from foster home to foster home. The ideal American "family" is with a man and a woman. In the United States we have same-sex couples who are wanting to adopt, but they are being turned down due to their sexual preference. Same-sex relationships are much more stable than the average heterosexual relationship. Having a stable relationship ensures an emotionally steady home for a foster child. “Good parenting is not influenced by sexual orientation. Rather, it is influenced most profoundly by a parent’s ability to create a loving and nurturing home” (“LGBT Adoption”). Same-sex couples are more likely to adopt “hard to place” children with challenging behavior or disabilities.
Adolf Hitler, an Austrian born German politician, a once decorated World War I veteran, the leader of Nazi Germany, the man responsible for the holocaust and millions of deaths, is without a doubt the most hated man of the 20th Century and arguably throughout the entire history of the human race. Adolf Hitler did many things throughout his lifetime that have affected the outcome of the world today, such as what he did to the Jewish people or how he attempted and almost succeeded in conquering the world. Most people know the main things that Hitler did because of how much they affected the world, but not as many people understand exactly how it was that this man rose to power in the first place. Adolf Hitler rose to power very quickly because
Some of the discriminatory laws which were passed in the early 1900’s denied them the right to possess land and marry outside their race. They couldn’t purchase homes in specific ranges and were banished from occupations in some enterprises.
Are you familiar with the Holocaust? Well if you are, you have probably heard of Adolf Hitler. Some say he could have been the most wicked person in the world. Others however, believed he was a hero. Hitler was a determined and dominating leader in Germany from 1934-1945. He did not let anything stand in his way, and if something did, he would destroy it. Adolf Hitler had a major impact on the Holocaust and the history of Germany; He completed inhumane acts throughout his life, but that is what led him to his ultimate goal, power.
There are many great men who have left a significant impact on the world, some positive and some negative. Nazi leader, Adolf Hitler was the most notorious dictators of those of his time, before, and after. Leaving a negative association with his name, Adolf Hitler played a rather powerful role in not only Germany’s history, but world history. Throughout his lifetime Hitler, a persuasive and brutal man, led his country to carry out mass destruction which lead him to the depletion of his reputation.
Natives they wanted to build a relationship with them to export and build upon their
Four of Hitler’s accomplishments were being history's most feared people,being the Leader of the Nazi party, the chancellor of germany, and the dictator of germany. He had actually got these great accomplishments during Germany’s great depression. During this time Germany’s own government was unstable and germany’s own people were ambivalent to the government. In 1913 hitler had received the first class iron cross and the black wound badge from the battle of somme. In 1933 he had become germany’s chancellor for 12 long years. In 1938 hitler wanted to make germany’s empire bigger so he had invaded and then annexed Anschluss (Austria). In the next few years more people had died when hitler sent soldiers to invade denmark, belgium, luxembourg, norway, and finally the netherlands. Some would say that he had forged his empire out of the ashes of germany. Now he had said that “he tried to unite Europe under an Iron Fist. In his speech he said that he tried to unite without bloodshed, but saved it as a last resort.” Actually he had overcame the chaos of germany to try to restore order to the
Hitler did many unthinkable horrible things during his lifetime. Adolf Hitler was a man with great dreams and has great leadership qualities. Hitler is considered as the most hated and evil person in the history mainly because of the Holocaust. We should be a man like Hitler in his brilliance and should not be like him in his beliefs.
An estimated two million LGBT people are interested in adopting. Studies say gay parents seem to be more motivated than heterosexual parents because they chose to be parents and adopt the child. There are many different types of adoption, but this essay will only be about 5 of them, each adoption will show that LGBT parents are as capable of adopting and raising a child as heterosexuals are.
Omi and Winant (1986) stated that Racial categories often consolidate its meaning by the particular social relations and history context(p.19). Bonilla-Silva(2003) purported that the early colonizer from the Europe named the people in the land which they invaded as “negro” and “Indian” to distinguish them from the noble European (p.34) In the early stages of United State, the race introduced as the tool for the slaveholder and other white class to legitimized the practice of slavery and disenfranchised the natural rights of African Americans. Even the other white immigrants were considered as an individual race when they first migrate to the United State. Thus the meaning of race are constantly shifting within the change of social relation and political background. For example, in the article written by M.Lee, the 1900 census has only five race categories comparing to the 1990 census which has more than ten race option, which means the conception of race are continuously shifting(p.4). Beside the social relations, we also discern race through the preemptive notion of what each racial groups looks like. The African American are generally portrayed as the people who have thick lips and black skin. An Asian American usually have small eyes and feeble physique. Those stereotypes about the people 's physical appearance forge the content of race and become the common way which we utilize to confirm one 's race
According to history, the migration of the first humans into what is called Near Oceania began around 40,000 years ago and over time produced considerable cultural, linguistic, and genetic diversity in Oceania and Polynesia. There were no original inhabitants, it was bare land.
This study was conducted by means of a mailed questionnaire. The sample size included sixty five people including 31 workers in the field of adoption and 34 social work students, a 55% return rate of questionnaires. The study found that less traditional sex-role beliefs were associated with less negative attitudes toward homo-sexuality. The study also found that students as opposed to social workers responded more favorable to same-sex adoption. Many workers held the belief that gay men and lesbians are unfit to foster and be adoptive parents. This result upheld previous research by Brooks and Goldberg.