Gothic architecture was still predominantly in cathedrals and churches. The rise of Romanticism began in the eighteenth century–leading to an awareness and increased interest of the Middle Ages, specifically interest in church architecture. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture) Thus, Gothic Revival Architecture was created. When admirers of neo-Gothic styles wanted to revive medieval Gothic architecture, Gothic Revival Architecture was created—along with many sub styles, such as Polychrome Brick Gothic and Carpenter Gothic in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. All architectural styles have different characteristics.
And, in seeing this light, is resurrected from is former submersion.” – Abbot Suger [Translation from Erwin Panofsky. 1979. “Abbot Suger on the Abbey Church of St. Denis and its Art Treasures.” https://www.oneonta.edu/faculty/farberas/arth/arth212/Liturgical_Objects/Suger_excerpts.html] Another aspect of Gothic architecture, that was heavily influenced by religion, is the implementation and utilization of the rose window. It depicts the final judgement of man and is part of the Gothic tradition in which biblical and historical stories were portrayed in stained glass and sculpture. At a time when most of the population was illiterate, these embellishments made biblical scripture available to everyone.
The art and architecture of this period triggered the huge historical transformations that have contributed to the reshaping of culture and society today. The cathedrals along with their architectural components contain an immeasurable amount o... ... middle of paper ... ...of Gothic art or design. Works Cited “Bourges Cathedral.” City Of Bourges, 2011. http://www.ville-bourges.fr/english/heritage/cathedral.php (accessed 17th September 2011) Camille, Michael. “New Ways Of Seeing Gothic Art.” In Gothic Art, 10-11. London: Orion Publishing Group, 1996.
The Gothic structure allows for plenty of windows. Chartres has a significant collection of medieval stained glass, with over 150 early thirteenth century windows. The windows allowed sunlight to enter the dark, Gothic cathedral in order to highlight the story of Christ through the stained glass windows told throughout history to pilgrims alike. These windows create a spiritual and promising place for thought and prayer. Stained glass was used to help teach the stories of Christ to people that were illiterate during the medieval times.
In his time marvelous illuminated manuscripts. After the rule of Charlemagne, as Carolingian art began to subside, entered the new ruler Otto III. Otto III was both influenced by Constantine and Charlemagne. Ottonian art focused on geometry, ivory plaques, and small artwork as well as elegantly illuminated manuscripts, lavish metal work, intricate carvings and Romanesque churches and cathedrals. Both Ottonian and Carolingian architecture mainly focused on geometrical shapes when constructing their churches and cathedrals.
The Book of Kells is called an insular manuscript, because its script is in a style known as “Insular majuscule,” a style that was common at that time in Ireland (Meehan 9). The Book of Kells represents a high point in the development of Hiberno-Saxon illumination. In the words of the art historian Carl Nordenfalk, the manuscript is a work of “exquisite perfection” (118). This paper will discuss the Book of Kells in an effort to examine its artistic and historic contribution. In the sixth century, the Christian Church began spreading its influence by establishing monasteries throughout Europe.
The cathedral at Chartres is considered to be the first work of High Gothic architecture (Coldstream p.140). The church’s vertical design has a three-part division, the nave arcade, the triforium, and the clerestory windows. The rose window, which was to represent the Virgin Mary, was framed in tracery and filled with different colored glass. Sacred Medieval architecture went through many changes throughout its period. From Byzantine to Gothic the architecture of sacred buildings continued show the importance that was placed on religion and the power religion had on its people.
There was a genuine desire, of course, to build places of worship and prayer and to build a cathedral as a way to pay homage to God. However, the catholic... ... middle of paper ... ...ey, A. 1922, Medieval France A Companion to French Studies, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge UK Von Simpson, O. 1988, The Gothic Cathedral: Origins of Gothic Architecture and the Medieval concept of Order, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey USA Wison, C. 1990, The Gothic Cathedral: The Architecture of the Great Church 1130-1530, Thames and Hudson, Singapore http://art.ranken.edu/borchardt/archistI/Course%20stuff/Medieval/medieval.htm, accessed 13/04/04 Classical Architectural History Lesson, subheading "The New Cathedrals" Halsall, P. 1988, http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/1210chartres.html, accessed 13/04/04 Halsall, P. 1988 http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/1224chartres.html, accessed 13/04/04 Ingersoll, R. 1995, Rice University Cities and History http://www.owlnet.rice.edu/~arch343/lecture9.html, accessed 13/04/04
Notre Dame was built on the sight of a much older cathedral. Chartres is in southwest Paris on the Eure River in a forest that is sacred to Christians. The medieval construction and design of the Notre Dame, with its flying buttresses, incredible height, and perfect scale, and the Chartres, with its complex spires, beautiful stained glass, and ornamented portals, was and is important in the evolution of French Gothic style cathedrals. Both the Notre Dame and Chartres were dedicated to the Virgin Mary. Bishop Mauricede Sully planned for Notre Dame to be built.
Over time, as new techniques combined with new materials, cathedral architecture increased in complexity and sophistication into a recognizable gothic style. Cathedrals had a floor plan shaped like a cross. The head of the church pointed east towards the holy city of Jerusalem. The transept, running north and south, represented the cross-bar of the cross. The foot of the cross, at the west end, provided the entrance to the church and personal salvation.