Lillian Ma Per. 2B I. State Background Maryland was established in 1632. It was founded by George Calvert, who was the first Lord Baltimore. George Calvert never made it to his colony, but his son, Cecilius named it Maryland after Henrietta Maria, King Charles’ wife. However, Cecilius never could go to Maryland, so his brother Leonard went and became governor of Maryland. The free population in Maryland was 208,649, and the slave population was 103,036. Their economy mostly consists of tobacco boat building, farming, and catching seafood. II. Personal Background Luther Martin was born February, 1748, in New Brunswick, New Jersey. During 1787, he was around 39 years old. He was one of nine children, and their parents were Benjamin and Hannah …show more content…
He wanted to allow the smaller states to have a role in the government as well, so he created the New Jersey Plan. The New Jersey Plan wanted to make minor changes to the Articles of Confederation. Luther Martin wanted to give the Congress more power while still allowing one vote for every state, like the original Articles of Confederation. National Legislature Luther Martin was one of the twelve Antifederalist delegates, but he soon became a federalists as well because of his hatred toward Thomas Jefferson. He thought that the National Legislature should be represented with one representative per state because he thought that if the representatives were chosen proportionally, the smaller states would not be represented enough. On June 27, he gave a 3 hour speech during the convention on why the states should not be given representation proportionally. His New Jersey Plan wanted to edit the Articles of Confederation to give the national legislature more power. He thought that the Supreme Court needed to have a jury otherwise, the freedom that they fought for was in …show more content…
Luther Martin proposed that electors should indirectly elect the chief executive. Works Cited: "Luther Martin Biography." - Childhood, Life Achievements & Timeline. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2016. "Writing It All Down: The Art of Constitution Making for the State & the Nation, 1776-1833." Maryland Constitutional Convention of 1776. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 201 "National Constitution Center." – Constitutioncenter.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2016. "The Constitution of the United States: America 's Founding Fathers."National Archives and Records Administration. National Archives and Records Administration, n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2016. "American National Biography Online: Martin, Luther." American National Biography Online: Martin, Luther. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2016. Garraty, John A., and Mark C. Carnes. "Martin, Luther." American National Biography. Vol. 14. New York: Oxford UP, 1999. 605-08. Print. Clarkson, Paul S., and R. Samuel Jett. Luther Martin of Maryland. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins, 1970.
Lischer, Richard The Preacher King: Martin Luther King Jr. and the word that moved America Oxford University Press: 1995. Print
Web. The Web. The Web. 26 Mar 2014. http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/m/martin_luther_king_jr.html>.
The Virginia plan was a plan for how the national government should be run, and as Virginia was a large state it naturally favored the larger states than the smaller states. The Virginia plan called for a strong national government that was composed of three branches: the legislative, which was split into two houses, number of representatives based on state population, and had the power to select the executive and judiciary branches. The New Jersey plan favored smaller states and would have the government be composed of a one-house legislature with one vote for each state, regardless of population, and giving Congress the power to raise revenue from imports and postal service fees. The judicial branch would be headed by a
“Give me liberty, or give me death.” Patrick Henry is forever noted in history for this famous line during the American Revolution. His contributions to liberty did not stop with the British, however. Patrick Henry was the leader of the Anti-Federalists in the early years of our country. The Anti-Federalists did not want a federal government system, where there is a strong central government, then smaller, state governments. Patrick Henry had his own ideas for a decentralized national government, which he added on to the Constitution during the ratification convention in Virginia.
A compromise was made and a decision of having equal representation in the upper house of Congress and representation based on population in the lower house. For every 30,000 residents in a state resulted in one state representative. Southern delegates pushed that the number of resident include the slaves that occupied the land as well. The committee agreed that every 5 slaves would count as 3 residents. This in turn gave the south much more power than it would have had otherwise since the southern sates consisted of an extremely large population of slaves. Slavery was also a heated issue that came up during the convention.
Three of these compromises were the Virginia plan, the New Jersey plan, and the Great Compromise. Edmund Randolf and James Madison led the Virginia plan. The Virginia plan called for a strong central government with three branches. These branches were the legislative branch that passed laws, the executive branch that carried them out, and the judicial branch that made sure they were carried out fairly. They also proposed that the legislative branch would consist of two
The Virginia Plan was not liked by the smaller states. The smaller states were in fear that they would not receive enough representation if the legislature was decided by a state 's population. This opposition led to the creation of the New Jersey Plan. The New Jersey Plan proposed a unicameral legislature where every state only gets one representative. This plan would have gone without scrapping the Articles of Confederation and it would have recognized more states’ rights. The debate between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan ended in a
Virginia plan. This was a very smart government, his idea was to have a three part
The Virginia Plan was written in the year 1787 by James Madison and sponsored by Govenor Edmund Jennings Randolph during the Philadelphia Convention. The plan that was created was the notion of separation of powers into the executive, legislative, and judicial branch, and not favored by smaller states because of population issues. A bicameral legislature was made with houses that are based proportionally off of population in a state. The upper house would be elected by the lower house and the lower house would be elected by the people. Both houses were based on population. The states with a larger population such as Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts benefited most from this plan. The legislative branch had the power to rebut state laws
Delegates furiously debated the two plans for two weeks. The heart of the quarrel was whether the central government would be given power to control the states. Under the Virginia Plan, where representation in Congress was based on population, it would have the power. Under the New Jersey Plan, which gave each state equal power regardless of population, it would not. The weather was hot and humid and tempers were short. Washington understood that further debate would not solve the problem. On July 2, he called for a vote on the New Jersey Plan. The result was a tie: five states for, five opposed, Georgia delegates divided, New Hampshire still not there, and Rhode Island absent.
The Virginia and New Jersey plans: The Virginia Plan basically stated that there needed to be a national government. It also expanded on the legislature branch of government. The New Jersey plan was a counter to the Virginia plan, and it stated that the Congress should have more power. It also gave the Congress more freedom to do actions they were unable to before, like control trade and take away taxes.
The plans were at odds because one favored small states while the other favored large states. The Great Compromise, however, was able to provide equal representation for both large and small states. It included an
showed great interest in politics and was extremely intelligent, and taking part in advocating revolution he came into the convention as one of the talks of the town as he was in truth one of the people that pushed for the Constitutional Convention in 1787. He was one of the ardent critics of the Articles of Confederation. While many of the colleagues at the convention favored an authoritarian central government while others wanted to have states stay sovereign; most of the positions were within the middle of the extremes. Madison had drafted one the draft known as the Virginia Plan which favored bicameral legislature and rotation in office (term limits) and having population determine the number of representatives. Virginia Plan also had fundamental ideas of checks and balances to prevent abuse of power along with descriptions of the three branches of government known as the judicial, executive, and legislative. Thus, from the aforementioned descriptions of his plan he supported a strong central government and while many of his initial proposals would be rejected his Virginia Plan would be incorporated within the constitution, or at least parts of it and is hailed as the “Father of the Constitution” and was one of the key players of the Bill of Rights later
The vote on what plan to use was on June nineteenth. Even though the New Jersey plan was supported the Virginia plan got the majority and continued to be the main idea in forming the new constitution. The main issues that they had to compromise on were the how the amount of representatives should be decided and how much power the national government should have.
Delegates of the largest and most populated states disagreed with those from smaller states in terms of representation in the national legislature. The larger states were in favor the Virginia Plan, in which the number of representatives each state had, would be based on the population of each state. The smaller states supported the New Jersey Plan, in which proposed that all states have the same number of representatives. Connecticut delegates suggested a compromise and so the problem was solved. Today each state have two representatives. The plan provided the equal representation in the Senate and also proportional representation of the population in the House of Representatives. satisfying both, big and small states, by the New Jersey ideas and preferences, as it resulted to be the most righteous for the good of the