The Legacy of Deng Xiaoping Deng Xiaoping was born is 1904 in Sichuan Province. He died in 1997. He was the General Secretary of the Communist Party. He went to France for higher education. He was a short man, gentle looking and intelligent. He was tough and soft-spoken. He was a chain smoker and he loved playing mahjong. He became the leader of China after chairman Mao. He was in power from 1978 till 1997. He married three times and had five children. (Three daughter, two sons) Deng made three major policies while he was in power. One of them was the One Child Policy. China has always been overpopulated. At the time when Mao was in power, people were encouraged to have a lot of children. The population of China rose so high that millions of people were dying of starvation. In the 1980s, Deng came up with the One Child Policy. Every family is only allowed to have one child. People who had followed the policy were given a lot of privileges, such as free education, houses and etc. The policy worked pretty well. Most people followed it, though the people who lived in the country still had many children. The overall living standards in China have improved. The population growth is controlled. Another one of Deng's Major Policies was the "one country, two systems" model. During the Opium War, the British defeated China and China had to give Hong Kong to Britain. When the Communists defeated the Nationalists, Chiang Kaishek escaped to Taiwan and since then, Taiwan became independent. The Portuguese took Macao away. In order to get those three places back to as part of China, Deng developed the "one country, two systems" model and ap... ... middle of paper ... ...t China used to be when Mao was in power. People were poor at that time, but everyone was the same. But now, there are people who are extremely rich, while others are still very poor. Others said that the daily living prices have soared since the launch of Deng's market economy and although living standards have improved for many people, those at the bottom of the social ladder tend to feel most of the pinch. Overall, I think that Deng's legacy is basically a positive one. He was the one who improved the living standards, and developed the "one country, two systems" model. It is true that his policies also had some negative affects, but after all, his policies improved the lives of most people in China. No body is perfect. Everyone makes mistakes. However, Deng's mistakes are secondary compare to his accomplishments.
Success, as defined by the Oxford English dictionary, is the prosperous achievement of an objective. (Oed.com 1968) Conferring to this definition, the 1949 Chinese revolution was certainly a successful revolution. The communist party of China (CCP) was incredibly successful in its attempt in replacing the bourgeoisie dominated nationalist government – The Kuomintang (KMT) - with a proletariat class lead communist government. However, whether the achievement of such objective proves to be prosperous for China and its peoples requires further analysis. Ever since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, the legitimacy of the revolution of which it was built upon has perennially been in question. For example, in a 1999 issue of the
The goals of Deng Xiaoping’s economic reform were the ‘Four Modernizations’. This Four Modernization refers to the reform of agriculture, industry, national defense, and science technology. These reforms were to solve the problems of motivating workers and farmers to produce a larger surplus and to eliminate economic imbalances that were common in command economies.
In the minds of Chinese people, Deng Xiaoping is considered as one of the most powerful leader of the People’s Republic of China from late 1970’s until he died in 1997. His noteworthy efforts to bring back China’s prosperity following the consequences of the Cultural Revolution resulted in the country’s economic, cultural and social expansion. The outcome of his passion and belief in the potential of China is still noticeable today.
China is interested in modernizing itself while at the same time maintaining security' is the only general statement that can be made about China's foreign policy. To achieve these two ends, China is willing to ignore conflicts that do not substantially affect its development or security. Economic organizations are welcomed because they facilitate economic development but security multilateralism is employed only where feasible, resulting in most security concerns solved bilaterally. This case-by-case determination of policy results in China supporting the status quo in some issues while challenging it in others. To better understand China's foreign policy requires an investigation into these three characteristics.
After Mao Zedong’s failed Cultural Revolution, the country was in a state of disarray. Political isolation had caused the economy to falter, while citizens struggled everyday to adhere to communist ideals. Collectivization and municipalization ran the nation, meaning the government had total control over the country which left citizens without a chance of earning their own money or providing for themselves. In turn, the quality of life in China decreased and riots began to break out. Deng Xiaoping was the leader that succeeded Mao after his death in 1976, and his reforms helped turn around the country’s economic and social situation. Careful strategic moves made by Deng allowed other countries to invest in China’s economy and the government gave people more control over their land and education. He also reduced the power of the government, moving away from Communism and towards democracy. Deng Xiaoping had a positive influence on China because he opened China up to the global markets and increased the quality of life for millions of people.
Sitting close to the edge of being a “developing” and a “developed” country, China is a difficult country to define neatly. It is a country with an ancient and traditional culture trying to position itself higher within the international community. Plus it is also a communist country that has come to embrace its own form of capitalism to fuel its economy. China’s economic boon has been beneficial to many people within the country. But not to all people within China evenly.
China is the perfect example of what happens when one leader is given to much
Deng Xiaoping was a force for evil and that he was responsible for taking away
China's capitalism and boom was born when their president, Deng Xiaoping permitted the provinces to dismantle their communes and collective farms. This led China to venture into free-market economics, although they were still under the communist political system. When President Deng announced that they needed Western money and expertise, China flung their trade doors wide open and China went on a capitalist drive without ever looking back. By mid 1960's, the Chinese Revolution settled down to the job of ruling China. Its main goal was essentially nationalist: a prosperous modern economy. While there continued to exist substantially economic inequalities, distribution of wealth was probably a bit more equal than in most Western countries.
Government leader, no matter how the people feel about them, can and will shape the identity of their people. A ruler molds the identity of citizens like an artisan molds clay. This can be both a good thing and a bad thing, however. Leaders can do this in several different ways, in which the people can decide how it turns out: “Never again,” “we should keep going as we are now,” and “we should go back to how we were before” are a few things people may say when their identity is still being shaped, or are neat the conclusion of it.
The topic of democracy in China is a highly controversial topic. Although China has not democratised, it has done well in the global situation amongst its democratic competitors. Since the path to democracy is different for each country, we cannot expect that China would follow the same path or same model of democracy as the western nations. This essay will look at what democracy is and how it can be placed in a Chinese context as well as looking at the proponents and opponents of democracy in China. It will also look at whether China is democratising by focusing on village elections, globalisation and the emergence of a civil society. These specific topics were chosen because they will help provide good evidence and arguments to the topic of democratisation in China. The main argument in this essay will be that although China is implementing some changes that can be seen as the beginning of a road to democracy, there contribution should not be over estimated. China still has a long way to go before it can be considered that it is democratising. The small changes are good but China still has a long road ahead of itself to achieve democracy.
China's development is praised by the whole world. Its developments are not only in the economic aspect, but as well in its foreign affairs. Compared with other developed countries, China is a relatively young country. It began constructing itself in 1949. After 30 years of growth, company ownership had experienced unprecedented changes. Entirely, non-state-owned companies can now be more involved in sectors that used to be monopolized by state-owned companies.
Communism is a system of government, a political ideology that rejects private ownership and promotes a classless, stateless society based on common ownership of all property and the means of production, where by all work is shared and all proceeds are commonly owned. Communism is practised in China, North Korea, Vietnam, Laos and Cuba. However most of the world’s communist governments have been disbanded since the end of World War II. Soon after the Japanese surrendered at the end of World War II, Communist forces began a war against the Kuomintang in China. The Communists gradually gained control of the country and on the 1st October, 1949, Mao Zedong announced the victory of the Communist party and the establishment of the People's Republic of China. China has been ruled by the Communist party ever since.
Chiang Kai Shek, who started out as military leader, built an enormous legacy that is tied around both China and Taiwan. Chiang was born on October 31, 1887, in a small town in Zhejiang province, China. Though his father died when he was at a young age, it never affected him, he continued to pursue in the military career. While in Japan attending the Imperial Japanese Army Academy, he devoted most of his time studying the work of Sun Yat Sen who was the leader of the nationalist party (Kuomintang) in China. After finishing his military training he joined the Kuomintang, where he worked under Sun. Sun sent Chiang to Moscow for further military training and appointed him to lead the Whampoa Military Academy. Soon after Sun died in 1925, Chiang took over and became the leader and president of the party. Chiang and the nationalist party continued to rule Mainland China until 1949, when they lost to the communist party in the Chinese civil war. Some historians may see Chiang’s legacy as a failure to create democracy in China and himself as dictator after taking full control over the leadership and presidency in Taiwan. However, other scholars see Chiang as the leader of democracy, as he attempted to unify and modernize China while in power. He unfortunately was defeated during the Chinese civil war and fled to Taiwan, where he brought democracy to the country. Chiang is an impressive figure that was able to reunify and lead a country that was recognized to be almost ungovernable, he had an extremely knowledgeable military mindset that was practically able to overthrow the communist party if the United States had continued to support, and most significantly he brought the system of democracy to Taiwan and modernized the country.
During the Mao era, agriculture was seen as an inferior part of development. Mao based his economic system off of the Soviet Union’s economic policy in the 1950s, which focused on the development and growth of industry (Huang, 17). During the period of Mao’s rule, lack of incentives and absence of markets constrained increases in agricultural output (Brandt 469). The majority of agricultural production was centered on food to sustain China’s growing population. However, most citizens were still unable to obtain food security and barely consumed 2,300 Calories a day (Brandt 471).