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Social stratification in sociology quizlet
Social stratification in sociology quizlet
Social stratification in sociology quizlet
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The Malagans are quite unique considering that they have been isolated for several hundred years. They are an egalitarian society that receive ranks through an ascribed status, such as gender and age. They divide labor among men of all ages and adult and elder women. They’re language phonetically resembles that of some native languages in South West Africa, but it syntactically resembles the dialect of Spanish in Spain. There is no physical connection between the Spaniards and the Malagans, so this occurrence stuns many anthropologists. First, the language of the Malagans is certainly unlike any other language globally. It is called Malan, resembling the name of the people and their territory. In the country of Madagascar the people point …show more content…
(Kottak 307) Another seemingly strange component of Malan is that they use honorifics, which are “terms used with people to honor them.” (Kottak 311) The Malagans use “fla” when addressing women, “fla” means princess in Malan. Men in the Malagan society tend to speak softer when surrounded by women similar to the way Japanese women that speak in a higher pitch when surrounded by men. (Kottak 311) They also speak more formally in public situations when respected women are around, to younger people and other men they speak more casually. Women tend to speak in a formal, robust and powerful manner in public settings. But in a family or private setting they speak casually. This occurrence is also known as diglossia. (Kottak 310) The focal vocabulary of the Malagans consists of numerous words for “water”, “sea”, “wave”, and “sky”. These words are prominent in their language because it is how they make a living. The wave, water and sky patterns predict if the weather is safe enough to set sail and each word describes a different weather pattern. The language of the …show more content…
The Malagans are not a multi-ethnic society. They are purely Malagan due to isolation, which has prevented ethnic conflict. Gender is the ascribed status used in Malagan society. (Kottak 327) They glorify the female gender, so it is not uncommon to see transgendered males. Although these males are unable to undergo complete gender transformation due to lack of technology, they are considered women in their society to a certain extent. They categories of gender in Malagana are as follows: male, female, reborn male, reborn female and undecided. Reborn males are women that transform into males and are treated exactly as males. Reborn females are males that transform into females and are treated like females, but they have little to no authority in the public sphere, but take roles that regular females do such as tool-making, pottery sculpting and ceramics. Undecided individuals do not prefer one gender over the other and are treated as males. In order of authoritative rank, elder females are the most respected and powerful individuals in the village. Consequently, they have the most responsibility and the most privilege. Below the elders, young and adult women have the most authority in the village, predominantly in the household, but also in the economic sphere of the community. Finally, the men are ranked by their wife’s status which is indicated by her skills and
Rafelman derives the gender differences in the language through her context. Rafelman thinks that in a party, men prefer to talk about business and avoid privacies, while women are more likely to involve in conversations and talk about personal details. She also indicates that in a formal party, people split up into two groups: men and women, and men always talk about business which is thought to be very boring. Men talk about business because they want to enhance their status and create more chances to make money. They think “money, as one wag once observed, is life’s report card” (Rafelman 318). Ha...
The clusters of social definitions used to identify persons by gender are collectively known as “femininity” and “masculinity.” Masculine characteristics are used to identify persons as males, while feminine ones are used as signifiers for femaleness. People use femininity or masculinity to claim and communicate their membership in their assigned, or chosen, sex or gender. Others recognize our sex or gender more on the basis of these characteristics than on the basis of sex characteristics, which are usually largely covered by clothing in daily life.
Society has seen the male dynamic of superiority, designation as the “bread winner”, or head of household for centuries. Women were specifically assigned to the roles of wife, mother, and nurturer through the process of the sexual or gendered division of labor. However, that has not always been the case. Over centuries of change and shifts in economic development, the roles of women have changed to adapt to their specific roles in society. The status of the individuals in society was defined by sex, age, physical trai...
Across the globe, gender systems vary in ways that often exclude individuals who don’t identify within their realms. From the binary structure of the West, to the ternary system of India, there are many ways in which societies conceptualize gender. Gender systems are generally considered inherent to humanity, and are seldom questioned or altered. This has led to the marginalization and discrimination of individuals who diverge from the implemented structure.
Language is commonly held to be the province of humans, but other inhabitants of earth possess their own forms of communication. Birds, dolphins, and whales are some of those that have a language. Primates also use vocal communication with each other. Their utterances have varied uses and volumes, with each primate’s voice being distinct just as human voices are. These unique calls have given researchers insight into the social workings of primate groups. The very fact that primates have a language offers insight into the evolution of language and calls into question what the term human truly means.
“The Social Construction of Gender” talks about gender as a concept created by society. In it, the author explains why society felt the need to create gender as a social institution and how gender is embedded into everyday life. The labeling of people as male or female is used by societies as a way of deciding who takes over which responsibilities and who does which tasks. The author of the article concludes that gender and gender inequality is created by society
• AW’s work is deeply rooted in oral tradition; in the passing on of stories from generation to generation in the language of the people. To AW the language had a great importance. She uses the “Slave language”, which by others is seen as “not correct language”, but this is because of the effect she wants the reader to understand.
Gender differences are best understood as a process of socialization, to organize the roles each individual have to fulfil in society. From parents to teachers, religions, media, and peers; we observe and make sense of the behaviors exhibited by the people around us since young. We imitate and construct our own understanding of how to be of a particular gender, and of how to position ourselves. Parents socialize their children based on their biological sex, and this process starts as soon as the sex of the baby is known. Gender is hence socially constructed.
How to tame a wild tongue is an essay by Gloria Anzaldua. This essay focuses on the different types of Spanish people spoke, and in this case, Anzaldua focuses on losing an accent to adjust to the environment she was living in. The issue that was applied in this essay was that the Spanish she spoke wasn’t exactly considered “Spanish”. The essay was divided into different sections as where the author tries to let people know, her Spanish speaking language should be considered valid just like every other Spanish speaking language out there.
This article was written to bring attention to the way men and women act because of how they were thought to think of themselves. Shaw and Lee explain how biology determines what sex a person is but a persons cultures determines how that person should act according to their gender(Shaw, Lee 124). The article brings up the point that, “a persons gender is something that a person performs daily, it is what we do rather than what we have” (Shaw, Lee 126). They ...
As anthropologists seek to understand the culture that they are studying they must overcome the language barrier. Similar to the concept of culture, “people use language to encode their experiences, to structure their understanding of the world and themselves, and engage with on...
... drives. There are boys in the mountain villages of the Dominican Republic that lack testosterone and “are usually raised as ‘conditional’ girls” (681). Once these boys reach puberty, “the family shifts the child over from daughter to son. The dresses are thrown out. He begins to wear male clothes and starts dating girls” (681). These boys, also known as “guevedoces,” show biological features that produce in later stages of life rather than birth which determines gender role. My female cousin, who was raised by a single father, grew up acting and playing like a boy. She was very aggressive when she was younger but as she grew older, society and human nature has changed her. She is not only influenced by our culture to act in a feminine, lady-like way, but she is now an adult that wants to have a family and become a mother in order to produce off-springs and survive.
The hierarchy of gender played out in the new Spanish colonial regime where female dependency upon men was created and manipulated. The Spanish introduced ‘gender beliefs that proclaimed women’s infantility; only men could reach true adulthood and enter public life, freely sign contracts, and hold public office . Women, especially those in the newly created lower class, became dependent on men due to the new legal system put in place which made it so that they could not be full citizens. Men were able to realize full ‘citizenship’ along with the ability to leave the ayllus. This newly performed hierarchy was completely contradictory to the old gender parallelism of Andean society in which each gender had independent spheres and rights to
Have you ever wondered who taught you to talk the way you do? People learn to talk and express themselves everyday of their lives. Starting from the day you were born you used language or some form of it to communicate with those around you. As a baby you usually show your displeasure with your new surroundings by crying, and if you don’t the doctor will make sure you do. Everyday we express our point of view to others in some form of language. Whether it is through verbal communication, written discourse or through body language, you can tell if a person is upset, angry, or happy. We as human beings don’t realize how much language has to do with our lives. How can you determine if one of your friends is angry with you? Is there a different tone to their voice? Do they have a stern look on their face? Of course they do, your friend feels the need to express their anger to you by these different forms of language. Where do we learn to use these different forms of language? How are our uses of these languages shaped? The three main contributing factors to how we express ourselves through language come from our schooling, our friends, and most of all from our families.
When people are born they are taught at an early age to be either feminine or masculine. Society has instilled in an individual’s brain that they have to live by these certain gender stereotypes. Society has made stereotypes that resulted in the world thinking women come second to men in every aspect of life. Women have been taught to be feeble to men and depend on them for social and economic happiness; meanwhile men have been taught to be “macho” and to take care of their households (Well, Kolk & Arrindell, 2005). For the individuals who dare to be different and choose to form their own identity, whether that is a man or woman are out casted and secluded from their community (Beller, Brattebø, Lavik, Reigstad & Bender, 2015). These particular stereotypes that society has mounted onto people have been a massive burden for men and especially women because they are the ones who have been negatively taught to be the inferior individual, unlike the men who are stereotyped as the superior