Summary
The Lady Tasting Tea is a really interesting book, which draws a picture of statistics’ development in 20th century. Many famous people who contributed to this filed are introduced with their talented creations. You even do not need to own professional statistical knowledge. Just some basic mathematical knowledge is enough. And in this book, we do not only see these persons’ inventions and applications of statistics, but also their very distinct characteristics.
Generally speaking, Karl Pearson and Ronald Aylmer Fisher are two persons who accounts for the greatest room in this book, due to their excellent work and philosophical difference in approach to distributions. Karl Pearson regarded statistical distributions as depicting a real image of data while Fisher viewed the collected data as the estimation
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Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis used random sample to predict overall values.
Jerome Cornfield, his work, to some extent, made great contributions to public health. Not to mention inverting a 24*24 matrix, he introduced odds ratio into case-control study, which later became the basis concept in modern era’s epidemiologic research.
Gertrude Cox and Stella Cunliffe were two towering woman in the statistical world, and Cox was also the first women to be elected into the International Statistical Institute, whose book Experimental Design became a classic in the design and analysis of replicated experiments.
“Samuel S Wilks struggled to make mathematical statistics both a respectable part of mathematics and a useful tool for applications.” And finally he succeeded. He played an important role in the development of practical applications of mathematical statistics. We called John Wilder Tukey as the Picasso of statistics because he invented box plots, stem-and-leaf plots, rootgram instead of histogram to make statistics more
As a way to communicate additional information to the audience, Barbara Ehrenreich provided statistical data in the footnotes of certain pages. Although these statistics are not
Roscher, Nina M., and Cavanaugh, Margaret A. (1987) The 'Standard' of the 'Standard'. " Academic Women Chemists in the 20th Century: Past, Present, Projections." Journal of Chemical Education 64:823-827.
Russo, Mark. "Herman Hollerith: The World's First Statistical Engineer." Rochester History Resources. Rochester University. Web. 31 Oct. 2011. .
The final chapter of this book encourages people to be critical when taking in statistics. Someone taking a critical approach to statistics tries assessing statistics by asking questions and researching the origins of a statistic when that information is not provided. The book ends by encouraging readers to know the limitations of statistics and understand how statistics are
Maurice Wilkins: This scientist is seen as somewhat sexist, because he does not believe in the potential of Rosalind’s scientific abilities. At the same time, he seemed to be dedicated to work, but Rosalind seems to do a majority of the work.
Renaud, R. (2014a, April 10). Unit 10 - Understanding Statistical Inferences [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from the University of Manitoba EDUA-5800-D01 online course materials.
...iography”). As well as being a powerful beginning to opening women’s potential into science, she would later befriend Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, amongst other women rights leaders.
Jeanne Wakatuski is a young girl who had to endure a rough childhood. She thought herself American, with a Japanese descent. However, with WWII and the internment camps, Jeanne struggled to in understanding who she really was. It started with Manzanar, at first she knew herself as a Japanese American. Living in Manzanar gave her a new perspective, “It (Manzanar) gradually filled me with shame for being a person, guilty of something enormous enough to deserve that kind of treatment” (Houston and Houston 161). Jeanne faced the problem of being someone who was not wanted or liked in the American society. A good section that shows the discrimination at the time was when Jeanne tried to join the Girl Scouts, which is on page 144. She was turned
University of Alabama, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 4,000 Years of Women in Science. Dec. 2002 2 Nov. 2003 http://crux.astr.ua.edu/4000WS/newintro.html.
When most people think of the Scientific Revolution, they think of scientists such as Galileo, Newton, Brahe, and Boyle. However, many people do not even know about the many women who played a vital role in the scientific advancements of this period. Even when these women were alive, most of society either ignored them or publicly disapproved their unladylike behavior. Because of this, these women were often forgotten from history, and very little is known about the majority of them. Although their names rarely appear in history books, the female scientists of the Scientific Revolution still impacted the world of science in several ways. In fact, all of the scientists listed above had a woman playing an influential role assisting them in their research. However, assisting men in their studies was not the only role open to women; several women performed experimentation and research on their own, or advancing science in some other way, even though the society of the time looked down upon and even resisted their studies.
I researched the development of the theorem and its criticism, and included my findings in this paper. Probably the most useful text in understanding the Theorem, and a definitive work supporting its use, is John Earman's work, Bayes or Bust? A Critical Examination of Bayesian Confirmation. This book examined the relevant literature and the development of Bayesian statistics, as well as defended it from its critics. LIST OF EQUATIONS AND ILLUSTRATIONS page Equation 1: Bayes Theorem A1.
Studies in the History of Statistics and Probability. New York : The New York Times. Macmillan Publishing Company,. 1977.
Carl Friedrich Gauss is revered as a very important man in the world of mathematicians. The discoveries he completed while he was alive contributed to many areas of mathematics like geometry, statistics, number theory, statistics, and more. Gauss was an extremely brilliant mathematician and that is precisely why he is remembered all through today. Although Gauss left many contributions in each of the aforementioned fields, two of his discoveries in the fields of mathematics and astronomy seem to have had the most tremendous effect on modern day mathematics.
Besides providing attributes such as the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra to mathematics Gauss also contributed to the developmental principle of the Conservation of Energy, discovered Ceres, an asteroid orbiting around the sun and presented the Method of Least Squares, which is a method used in all sciences to minimise the impact of measurement error. Without these contributions both mathematicians and scientists would not have the knowledge and equipment to continue to further these issues.
Burton, D. (2011). The History of Mathematics: An Introduction. (Seventh Ed.) New York, NY. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.