Although it started out as just another type of dance, Kabuki eventually emerged into an important and fascinating theatre where elaborate makeup and costumes combined to put on entertaining performances for audiences throughout the centuries.
Kabuki started out as a style of dance in the early sixteenth century, also known as the Edo period. Kabuki is an exclusive type of theater in which only males can act on stage. For over 400 years, women have only been allowed in the audience and not on stage. But ironically, a woman named Izumo Okuni along with her female troupe originally created the theatre. Okuni, who may have come from the shrine of Izumo, set up a temporary stage in Kyoto around 1603 where she and her troupe acted out slightly suggestive dances and skits (www.artelino.com).
The Tokugawa Shogunate, Japan’s military dictatorship from 1603 to 1868, disliked this position of women and in 1629 they banned all women from acting on stage. However, Kabuki had become so popular that teenage boys started to act on stage to replace women, taking over all of their roles. In 1652, Kabuki featuring teenage boy, or Waskashu Kabuki, was banned. After that, only adult men could act on stage and this type of Kabuki, known as Yaro Kabuki, continues to be practiced today (www.artelino.com). In the 1750’s, the mawari-butai (revolving stage) was invented, and soon after that came the seri (stage trap) (Reischauer and Jansen 77). The mawari-butai is a machine cut out into the shape of a circle, which turns the part of the floor that is center stage. It is often used for scene changes to make them quicker, smoother and more appealing to the audience. The seri stage trap is used to raise and lower the actors and sets to the stage. It is also...
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... an important role in Japan’s culture. It has entertained millions of people and will continue to do so for many more years to come.
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Nipponia No.22 September 15, 2002. The Kabuki Actor Training Center. http://web-japan.org/nipponia/nipponia22/en/feature/feature02.html Corts, Alicia. Costumes in Kabuki. https://asiantheatre.wikispaces.com/Costumes+in+Kabuki+by+Alicia+Corts Agostino, Christopher. Kumadori- The Painted Faces of Japanese Kabuki Theatre. http://thestorybehindthefaces.com/2012/01/20/kumadori-japanese-kabuki-theatre-makeup/ Artelino. Kabuki Theatre. http://www.artelino.com/articles/kabuki_theater.asp
Benson, John. DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Japan. DK Travel, 2013.
In the history of civilization, there have been many different types of theatre. There is Greek theatre and Elizabethan theater. Some are musicals, some are comedies and some are tragedies. Some types employ realistic techniques while others are more avant-gardes. But one type stands out among the rest, and that is Kabuki theatre. This classical Japanese style of dance and drama is not just theatre. It is a beautiful form of art, which has been carefully crafted over many centuries.
Showed how Japan easily accepts and institutes foreign markets and ideas without hesitation or humiliation. They adapt so well to the outside world.
Kenrick, John. Musical Theatre A History. New York: The Continuum International Publishing Group, 2008. Print.
Butler, Judith. "Performative Acts and Gender Constitution: An Essay in Phenomenology and Feminist Theory." Theatre Journal 40.4 (1988): 519-31. The Johns Hopkins University Press. Web. 11 May 2011.
Since theatre was established as an art form, it has constantly been changing and developing as new methods of theatre styles came to light. This is also true with how musical theatre developed into how we know it today. Vaudeville and burlesque were forms of theatre in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s that forged the way for the American musical to emerge. The elements that writers used from vaudeville allowed for not just musical acts to be performed during the course of the story, but eventually became a way for the story to further be told. The American musical was not always as big as it is today, and vaudeville and burlesque acts made it possible for such a type of performance style to develop. Musical writers used multiple elements, not just the song element, in their stories. This change did not just happen overnight. The evolution from vaudeville and burlesque was a gradual one, taking years to further develop the performance styles into the Broadway musical we can see today.
The samurai have had a long time in Japan and stayed around for centuries. They led Japan and created many government systems that would be used through that time. They helped cities be destroyed and flourish. Their ways of life and honor have influenced and their spirits stay with Japan to this day.
years ago the word "theater" possessed a different meaning than it does in today's society. The
In the theatre, awareness of the past is more important. Festival theatre are still in existence and some audiences admire. During the first two thousand years of its existence western theatre was markedly different from the professional and commercial theatre that we know today. The Greek, Roman, and Medieval theatre experiences had some similarities in common. For the most part, they were performed especially on occasions and not on everyday basis. They performance were considered offerings to gods. In addition, male performer simply musical accompaniment, large audience spaces, and formalized scenic backgrounds. Greek and Roman theatre used masks for all characters and medieval theatre used masks for devils and sometimes for allegorical
Butler, Judith. Ed. Case, Sue-Ellen. "Performative Acts and Gender Constitution." Performing Feminisms: Feminist Critical Theory and Theatre. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1990.
Japan is known for its unique gardening style, their diverse plants, their food, and their beautifully woven tapestries. Yet, most do not know about the history of their drama. Japanese Noh theatre is one of the most precise and prestigious art forms. It has been this way since the fourteenth century when Zeami first created Noh theatre. Zeami’s most famous plays, such as Kinuta, are still performed today. Japanese drama has not changed much since the fourteenth century because it has made a lasting effect on the culture. Noh theatre had a major influence on fourteenth century Japan and has affected modern day drama.
The performances included opera-styled singing with intricate hand gestures. I used to think that the Chinese theater performances my grandparents watched on TV were too over-the-top and unnatural, but after reading about the history and meanings behind Chinese theater, I’ve developed a new perspective on the style and have come to admire the beauty of cultural differences in theatrical arts. Chinese theater’s “traditional performance” features a synthesis of poetry, singing, and dancing. In present day, “traditional performance” has undergone an improvement toward what can be termed “characterization performance,” which emphasizes the performer’s internal experience of the character played and the artistically truthful portrayal of feelings and thoughts (cite). Different cultures contribute to the varying theater styles. For example, “chinese playgoers are familiar with the stories, characters, and conventions...the objective of the Chinese performer is to meet the high expectations of the playgoers” (cite). Thus, Chinese performers are more conscious of ensuring that their gestures and body movements appear aesthetically beautiful to satisfy their audiences’ expectations. The knowledge of the diverse approaches of theater in different regions is significant for respecting a theater piece, because theater from different cultures than one’s own should be evaluated and appreciated with the viewpoint of that
Geisha’s are effectively known to be introduced by the Japanese tradition. They are mainly known as female entertainers or courtesans who went through five years of training and sometimes beyond. Their skills and training includes performing diverse kinds of arts which can also be referred to it as a specific kind of art like playing classical music, dancing and playing games. They mainly focus on their conversation or communication skills in order to amuse their male customers, particularly because they need to make their customers happy and content. In the modern-day world Geisha’s not only work for the amusement of their male customers but also for their female patrons. It is known that people particularly from the old age often visit Japan
One of the most important types of Japanese performing art is the kabuki play. Developed in the early 17th century, kabuki has remained a popular form of theater in Japan (Johnson 1). A maid of the Izumo Shrine created kabuki in the 1600's (Johnson 1). The Traditional Theater of Japan written by Yoshinobu Inoura in 1981 stated that kabuki was named using Japanese characters in which "ka means song, bu means dance, and ki means skill" (218). At this time the plays consisted of females executing dancing performances (Johnson 1). These plays tried to show feelings and conflicts dealing with affection, envy and courage ("Noh and Kabuki" 1). Audiences enjoyed kabuki because the plays related to their lives (Kitazawa 4). The styles of kabuki changed though when women were first banned from kabuki.
Theatre first came about from all different cultures acting out part of their bible, or performing rituals to the Gods. It was not until the middle ages when dramatists wrote about all aspects of life. Theatre has therefore changed continuously to suit the demands of each new age for fantasy, spectacle, or serious drama.
Japan is one of the greatest countries in the world and it has offered many things as well. The Japanese have given the world a better understanding of their culture and history along with a good look at the future from a technological standpoint. They have developed and created the future for their country that has allowed them to be prosperous and powerful. They once isolated themselves from the rest of the world, but now they share their knowledge with other countries in order to create a better understanding of the world. Through their trade and creative thinking they have become one of the world’s largest and powerful countries and have allowed their economy to flourish and prosper.