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The impact of the assassination of JFK
The impact of the assassination of JFK
Kennedy's life and presidency
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The J.F.K. Assassination The 1960 Presidential election was won by John F. Kennedy who defeated the incumbent Vice President Richard Nixon by the narrowest margin in history. Kennedy, a senator from Massachusetts was the only Roman Catholic and the youngest man elected to the presidency. In 1963, during his third year in office President Kennedy's popularity increased and he had already started planning for his reelection campaign. On the morning of November 23, 1963, the President flew to Dallas where he was to speak at a lunch held at the Trade Mart. As the presidential motorcade drove from Love Field toward the Trade Mart, it drove through Deally Plaza where Kennedy was shot. Shortly after the assassination of the President, Lee Harvey Oswald was apprehended as the alleged assassin. In 1991 10% of the American public agreed with the Warren Commission Report findings that Lee Oswald was JFK's lone assassin, however, over half of the American public believed that the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) was somehow involved. President Harry S. Truman created the CIA with the signing of the National Security Act (NSA) on September 15, 1947. This act created the National Security Council (NSC) which combined all departments of the intelligence community for the army, navy, and airforce and was responsible only to the President. The council had its own budget and trained its own personal, but was still prohibited from internal spying and clandestine or paramilitary operations (Marrs 182). In 1949 the Central Intelligence Act was passed. This new act ensured that the CIA would not be obligated to disclose the names and number of personnel employed nor their functions, official titles or salaries. In addition, the CIA director wo... ... middle of paper ... ...gan and Oswald was set up as the easy mark. Only an agency trained in covert operations could possess the capabilities needed to initiate the assassination and the power to cover up their involvement. BIBLIOGRAPHY Groden, Robert J., and Harrison Edward Livingston. High Treason: The Assassination of President John F. Kennedy and the New Evidence of Conspiracy. New York: Berkey, 1990. Lane, Mark. Rush to Judgement. New York: Thunders Mouth, 1992. Mars, Jim. Crossfire: The Plot That Killed Kennedy. New York: Carrol and Graf, 1992. Morrow, Robert D. First Hand Knowledge: How I Participated in the CIA- Mafia Murder of President Kennedy. New York: Shapolsky, 1992. Prouty, Fletcher L. JFK: The CIA, Vietnam and the Plot to Assassinate John F. Kennedy With an Introduction by Oliver Stone. New York: Carol, 1992.
O'Reilly, Bill, and Martin Dugard. Killing Lincoln: The Shocking Assassination That Changed America Forever. New York: Henry Holt and, 2011. Print.
Netzley, Patricia D. The Assassination of President John F. Kennedy. New York: New Discovery, 1994. Print.
Hemelt, Stephen. "Did Kennedy Assassination Investigation Lead to Mistrust?." natchezdemocrat.com. natchezdemocrat, 22 Nov 203. Web. 13 Jan 2014.
A frequently used source is The Kennedy Tapes by Ernest R. May and Philip D. Zelikow as well as others. This book in particular delves into the tape recordings during those thirteen days between President Kennedy and his advisory committee, revealing information that could provide insight into what really happened in October, 1962.
The investigation was ordered directly after the assassinations of two other major political figures; the civil rights leader Dr. Martin Luther King and the Presidents brother Robert Kennedy, in 1968. Naturally these incidents aroused immense suspicion and the American public started questioning why so many key US figures had been assassinated in the space of just four years, when previously this type of incident had been rare. The HCSA was interested in looking into the possibility that the assassinations were related. At the time there was also an increasing awareness of corruption and scandal within the government. The Watergate Scandal in 1974 involving President Nixon had clearly shown that American government was not entirely free of foul play. As a result of this, people started questioning the behavior of the government, and how much it was holding back from its people. This is most likely why Americans became more receptive and attracted to the idea of a conspiracy behind Kennedy's death.
Gest, Ted, at al. "JFK The Untold Story of the Warren Commission." U.S. News & World Report 17 August 1992: 28-42.
The assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy, the 35th president of the United States marked a tragic historical moment in American history. The president was fatally shot by a sniper while traveling with his wife, Texas Governor John Connally, and Connally’s wife in a presidential motorcade at 12.30 pm on Friday, November 22, 1963. JFK was pronounced dead shortly after rushing to Parkland Hospital, where a tracheostomy and other efforts failed to keep him alive. Although Lee Harvey Oswald, a former United States Marine was convicted of the crime, the purpose behind the assassination remained inclusive as Oswald’s case never came to trial as he got shot to death two days later by Jack Ruby, a local nightclub operator in Texas. The assassination raised many questions and theories concerning the murder. As Oswald’s motives remain unknown, many scholars and investigators yearned to find the key to this mysterious crime, and came up with plausible theories searching for motives behind the assassination. While some straightforwardly blamed Oswald for the murder, claiming Oswald’s personal motives as the cause and supported the theory of the Lone Gunman, many developed more critical theories concerning conspiracies connecting the involvement of Cuba, Russia, the Central Intelligence Agency and the 36th President of the United States Lyndon B. Johnson. The Warren Commission was established by President Johnson to exclusively investigate the assassination. The Commission published a detailed report and concluded that Oswald acted alone. The deficiency of the Warren Commission’s evidence to support its theory along with the cordial relationship between JFK and the CIA refute both the Lone Gunman theory and conspiracies involving the CIA in...
Schlesinger, Jr., Arthur M. A Thousand Days: John F. Kennedy in the White House. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1965.
Some theories are that it was organized by the CIA, Fidel Castro, an Anarchist group, even by Vice-President Lyndon Johnson. However, once all the evidence is examined, it appears that the assassination was done by a lone man. So much of the evidence, from the way the assassination occurred, to the details of the alleged assassins’ life, and even to the official government findings and a film of the assassination, all point to the fact that there was no conspiracy and that Kennedy was killed by a lone gunman, Lee Harvey Oswald. Evidence that proves Oswald’s guilt are as follows; Oswald was pro-Communist, and hated America. He was in the Depository at the time of the assassination, and searches of the building found evidence of his work. The rifle with his finger prints on it was found by a make-shift snipers nest.
The other, purely theoretical, solution, that some other lone nut happened to stumble across Oswald’s rifle and decided to take a few pot shots at the president, is unlikely to be worth considering. Either Oswald did it, or he was set up.” “John F. Kennedy was assassinated in November 1963. Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested and put on trial for murder. However, before he could reach trial, Lee Harvey Oswald was himself murdered by Jack Ruby.
What really happened on that fateful day during which John F. Kennedy and Governor John Connally of Texas were shot as they waved to the excited crowds that lined the Dallas streets? Many have speculated for years in an effort to answer this complex question. From the efforts of those curious about the assassination have come numerous conspiracy theories that question the number of assassins, shots fired, location of shooter(s), and motives. The Cubans under Fidel Castro, the mafia, and the CIA have all been blamed as the real culprits behind Kennedy’s death. The next question one may ask is whether or not anyone will ever know the undeniable truth about what happened on that unforgettable day in United States history. That question will be answered in the context that follows. Detailed information will be provided that supports the true story about ...
From examining John F. Kennedy’s assassination, many people have come to the conclusion that there was a second party involved in the shooting of the President of the United States. The writers give great theories and facts leading people to believe that the Warren Report was false and later used to cover up the death of John Kennedy. With this great information out to the public it is obvious that the mob was involved with the planning assassination. After, all this evidence it only makes sense that the Warren Report is false, and that the mob was involved the whole time.
Rosenstone, Robert. "JFK: Historical Fact / Historical Film." American Historical Review. 97.2 (1992). 24 Nov 2003. <http://search.epnet.com/direct.asp?an=9205110376&db=aph>
In 1949, the Central Inteligence Agency Act (also called "Public Law 110") was passed, permitting the agency to use confidential fiscal and administrative procedures and exempting it from many of the usual limitations on the use of federal funds. The act also exempted the CIA from having to disclose its "organization, functions, officials, titles, salaries, or numbers of personnel employed." It also created a program called "PL-110" to handle defectors and other "essential aliens" outside normal immigration procedures, as well as give those persons cover stories and economic support. The Central Intelligence Agency reports to U.S. Congressional committees but also answers to the President directly. The National Security Advisor is a permanent cabinet member responsible for briefing the President on pertinent information collected from all U.S. intelligence agenci...
The film JFK was created in 1991 and it was directed by Oliver Stone and the cast included many actors such as Kevin Costner and Gary Oldman along with Tommy Lee Jones and Kevin Costner. The film depicts a lawyer named Jim Garrison trying to find out and solve what really happened to JFK and who murdered him. The film correlates to our textbook Chapter 20 “The New Frontier and Great Society”, and 20.1 and 20.2, “Kennedy and the Cold War” and “The New Frontier” to be precise. Both the film and the textbook reflect Kennedy's achievements throughout his span as the president including but not limited to conflicts throughout his time that would ultimately lead to his downfall.