The Influence and the Role of the Jewish Community in Ancient and Contemporary Turkey
Antiquity
A Jewish community has existed in the land that is modern day Turkey for many centuries. In fact, many important figures of the Old Testament lived in Turkey during at least part of their lives. Abraham was born in Ur of Chaldea, according to the Old Testament, which is believed to be the Turkish city Sanhurfa (located close to the Euphrates River) (G 3). It is also believed that Abraham lived in Harran in the 18th century BC. Jacob sought refuge in Turkey when he was escaping from his brother Esau and his well is still found there today. Noah and his family ran aground on Mount Ararat (Agri Dag), which is located in eastern Turkey near Dogubayazit. Noah's descendents would become the Hittites who ruled central Anatolia (modern day Turkey), the Assyrians, and Abrahams ancestors among others (Burke 1).
Due to multiple invasions of Palestine, many Jews were forced into exile. These Jews, and subsequently all Jews residing abroad, or "dispersed", were referred to as the Jews of the Diaspora or simply the Diaspora. In 560 BCE, Babylon conquered Judah and a relatively small number of Jews were exiled. Some would eventually return to Jerusalem but others built centers of Jewish culture throughout Mesopotamia (Burke 1). The remnants of Jewish settlement have been discovered in the Aegean Region that date to the 4th century BCE confirming Josephus Flavius' records of Aristotle having met and exchanged ideas with some Jewish people in Asia Minor. Other Jewish settlements have been found in various parts of modern Turkey that date to the third century BCE most notably the remains of an ancient synagogue in Sardis (Guleryuz ...
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Library of Congress Country Studies: Turkey: Jews and Turkey: Religious Life
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Turkish Daily News. September 20, 2003. Portuguese President Sampaio says Jewish Community in Turkey has Connection Point with Portugal. Lexis-Nexis Academic. http://www.lexis-nexis.com.
New York: William Morrow. Lipsett, S. M. & Co., P.A. and Ladd, E. C. (1971) The 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secon "Jewish Academics in the United States: Their Achievements, Culture and Politics." American Jewish Yearbook -. Cited for Zuckerman, Harriet (1977).
In conclusion to this investigation one thing is clear and that is that recycling reeks benefits to the environment, Recycling material when compared to making material from raw material is a more efficient energy saving and more environmentally friendly way to reuse material that is usually consider as trash such as empty glass, and plastic bottles, or old newspapers. Recycling helps reduce the possible carbon emissions greatly and does reduce the human carbon footprint. But Recycling doesn’t resolve the pollution that is around the world today. Leading to new questions, questions like what about the landfills are they sustainable, and if so for how long. How long until the air becomes unbreathable? How long until Earth becomes its own furnace?
Wisse, Ruth R. "Sutzkever, Avrom." YIVO. YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, n.d. Web. 22 Jan. 2014.
Martin Luther King once said, “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.” Sue Monk Kidd’s novel The Secret Life of Bees fully embodies his idea of equality, by introducing the story of a fourteen-year-old white girl named Lily Owens, who lives during the time of the Civil Rights Movement in South Carolina. Lily’s mother was killed in an accident when Lily is a little girl. Ever since, she lives with her father T-Ray, and her black surrogate mother, Rosaleen, in Sylvan, South Carolina. Soon after her fourteenth birthday, Lily escapes to the Boatwright sisters’ house in Tiburon, South Carolina, with Rosaleen, who is arrested for assaulting a white man. Upon her arrival, Lily faces different racist situations and meets her first love, a handsome black boy named Zach. The novel The Secret Life of Bees demonstrates that although racism has a negative impact on everyday life, it also influences Zach and Lily’s development in a positive manner.
According to the broadest definition, there are approximately 9 million Jewish adults in America. Of those, 5.3 million are Jewish because they practice the Jewish religion or who have a Jewish parent and consider themselves Jewish. Non-hispanic blacks make up 2% of that population. (A Portrait of Jewish Americans) Blacks constitute such a small percentage of the Jewish population that they are often considered to be obviously “not Jewish”. This was the experience of Rabbi Shlomo ben Levy.In an article entitled, “Who are we? Where did we come from? How many of us are there?”, Rabbi Levy describes his feelings of marginalization triggered by an advertisement for Levy’s Jewish Rye. The advertisement features a black boy eating a sandwich and the caption “You don’t have to be Jewish to love Levy’s”. The idea was to present a child who was clearly not Jewish enjoying Jewish bread but for Rabbi Levy who is both black and Jewish it was yet another message that denied his existence. (Who are we?)
F. Scott Fitzgerald uses The Great Gatsby in order to display the wretchedness of upper-class society in the United States. The time period, the 1920s, was an age of new opulence and wealth for many Americans. As there is an abundance of wealth today, there are many parallels between the behavior of the wealthy in the novel and the behavior of today’s rich. Fitzgerald displays the moral emptiness and lack of personal ethics and responsibility that is evident today throughout the book. He also examines the interactions between social classes and the supposed noblesse oblige of the upper class. The idea of the American dream and the prevalence of materialism are also scrutinized. All of these social issues spoken about in The Great Gatsby are relevant in modern society. F. Scott Fitzgerald uses this novel as an indictment of a corrupt American culture that is still present today.
The transition of Jews through history is one, which is complex and took place over a long period. There are many factors, which contributed to the change of the status of Jews within their world and changes in their status as well; these changes affected the religious and cultural values of European Jews, which lead to an alteration in their own perception, as well as the surrounding populace. There are several opinions as to how non- Jews perceive the issues that led to Emancipation of Jewish people. Prior to the period of Emancipation there were three main characteristics which defined the traditional Jewish communities of Europe. These three aspects are community, autonomy and torah (religion). In relation to Torah, there is a common yearning to return to their homeland in Eretz Yisrael. As it is known from the Greek era, the purpose of a state or community was to glorify one's own religion and as a result, Jews could not be members of a Christian state. Therefore, they had no choice but to form their own communities within the larger Christian State. A Jew is a member of the Jewish nation and people and religion is what defined your life and place in society. Virtually everything revolved around the community; decisions were made with the impact of the community in mind. An essential aspect of this community was the conceptions of ghettos; Jews lived, worked, and played in these ghettos. These ghettos kept the Jewish community contained, and also provided a sense of separatism from outside influences. "The point can also be made that separation was in fact a contributing factor to healthy relations (between Jews and non- Jews)" with their concern for l...
Robinson, George. Essential Judaism, A complete Guide to Beliefs, Customs, and Rituals. New York: Pocket Books, 2000
“So The Great Gatsby house at West Egg glittered with all the lights of the twenties, there were was always Gatsby’s supplicating hand, reaching out to make glamour with what he had lost be cruel chance...of how little Gatsby wanted at bottom-not to understand society, but to ape it”(21-22). The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald features constant parties, glamorous houses, and extravagance to reveal the values of the characters and the society they live in. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby exemplifies the innate values and morals of its characters and the society in which they live by using continual partying, glamorous houses, and extraordinary extravagance.
"Orthodox Juadism." Jewish Virtual Library. The American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise, n.d. Web. 20 Mar. 2014. .
2. Material of the ball; as the ball is the same one used, this will
The mock prisoners transitioned into inferior subjects who systematically adapted to their new reality. Emotional and physical manifestations were manufactured in the incarcerated subjects, there was even an individual who developed a skin rash due to the emotional trauma (Haney, Banks, Zimbardo, 1973).
"Dehumanization of the Jews." . Jewish Federation of Greater Pittsburgh , n.d. Web. 16 Dec 2013. .
It cuts back on global warming. The world is starting to feel the effects of global warming. We should want to do whatever it takes to help our planet (Recycling).
An important part of recycling is conservation. Conservation helps keep unneeded waste out of landfills in the United States (Conserve Energy Future 2). As Americans, an average person throws away 4.8 pounds of waste daily. This adds up to over 1750 pounds in a year alone, for one person. In 2006, Americans generated 251 tons of waste (Riedel 11). Of this waste over 50 percent could be recycled into new materials to be used again. In doing this, recycling will tremendously