Lecture 13: The Industrial Revolution
Summary Sentence: The industrial revolution was symptomatic of economic prosperity, an increase in working and living conditions, and a jump in wages.
Question: Why was England the first country to industrialize?
The Industrial Revolution introduced great things to Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries. England was the first to industrialize for three reasons; the availability of natural resources, the population, and war. Natural resources were very abundant in England, providing a large advantage. The growing population provided more potential buyers for England’s economy. The Napoleonic wars were over in England and there were rarely any more instances where the military had to get involved, making it the perfect time for a revolution. These combined qualities that England possessed created a strong bases for an industrial revolution that would forever benefit England.
a. The availability of natural resources was the first reason the English were able to industrialize first. England was the first to take the risk of being reliant upon new technologies; this gave them a head start in the coal and iron mining industry. This head start in mining created a cycle, the iron mined by England could be used to make machines that made the tools made of iron, that were powered by coal, that the tools mined. This cycle benefited England greatly, especially because of England’s vast water transportation options that allowed them to also increase their economic wellbeing. Natural resources greatly contributed to England’s success in becoming the first European nation to industrialize.
b. The increasing population in England also aided in England becoming th...
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...l aspects of life in England during the 18th and 19th century.
Geography
A,1. The deposits and goods began in southern England but began to spread north during the
19th century.
2. The transportation in England during the later 18th and 19th centuries began to grow more and more as the cotton textile industry grew.
B,1. The Austrian and Ottoman empires appear as poor on the map due to their lack of proper transportation. The countries that appear rich are Germany, the Netherlands, and
Switzerland.
2. There is a difference between northern and southern Europe, southern Europe appears much poorer than the north due to their distance from central Europe, the center of industrialization. 3. Where there are coal deposits are the same places where there are emerging industrial
areas.
The New England, Middle and Southern colonies were all English ruled, but yet very different. Among their distinctions, was the geography which played an important role in shaping these colonies. New England attracted Puritan farmers who wanted to separate from the Catholic Church. But because of the bone dry soil in the North, these colonists found they couldn't continue with their traditional ways of farming. However, with the immense amounts of water that surrounded them, they found that they could fish and trade. The Middle colonies on the other, hand had a moderate amount of everything. The fertile soil and the major seaports such as Philadelphia and New York, allowed these Middle colonists to make a living any way they saw fit. This led to the brisk development of the Middle Seaboard . Unlike the Middle and Northern colonies, the Southern colonies had large amounts of fertile land allowing for the development of large plantations. Because farming the plantations was the economic thrust for the South, towns and cities developed slowly. Thusly Geography greatly affected the lifestyles of these regions in the New World.
First of all, the North was more of an industrialized economy. The North was well known for their rapid growing cities and industrialization. It consisted of large factories where many people and immigrants from Europe worked. As the cities started to grow rapidly
The economic differences between the North and the South were already formed during the American colonial period under the Britain. The Britain used American colonies for raising the British’s economic prosperity. For instance, they used their colonies to grow crops that did not grow in the Britain due to geographical reasons. Tobacco was one of the profitable crops, which was well grown in the southern region of North America. As the southern areas lacked in population and labors compared to the northern areas, African slaves were imported to the South. On the other hand, as the northern areas were closer to Europe, the ports for trades especially with the Britain and Europe were developed in the northern cities like Boston.
Szostak, R. 1991. Role of transportation in the industrial revolution : A comparison of england and france. Montreal, QC, CAN: McGill-Queen's University Press.
The period during which there was an increased output of machine-made goods, also known as the Industrial Revolution, played a critical role in reshaping Britain’s economy. The Industrial Revolution, stimulated by advancements that were made during the Agricultural Revolution, began in Great Britain for many reasons. In addition to Britain’s broad availability of natural resources, the count...
Introduction The industrial revolution took place between 1750 and 1850 all round the world. In this essay it describes the changes made in Middlesbrough in this period and how the managed to cope with the surge of people coming into Middlesbrough. Everything changed in Middlesbrough in the Industrial Revolution like mining, transport, agriculture and even technology. Population grew at great rate as there was plenty of work and cheap labour was readily available.
A growing population resulted in a greater demand for Great Britain. They were the first to start the Industrial revolution. With their invention of the steam engine transportation of goods and people boomed, railroad, canals, etc. which resulted in a new class system. Before people lived in small communities and their lives revolved around farming, but with the start of the revolution more people and laborers moved to the city which had become urban and industrialized. New banking techniques such as corporations, partnerships, credit, and stocks were invented. Everything used to be made in people’s homes using handmade tools, yet now everything is done in factories using mass production. The three major materials cotton, coal, and iron were the up and coming new products used during the industrial revolution. Cotton was used for the textile industry, coal for steam power, and iron for the new types of transportation. There was also an improvement in living standards for some, but the poor and working people had to deal with bad employment and living conditions. When the laborers moved to the cities clocks and
The Industrial Revolution, as stated above, began in Europe. This may have been one of the reasons for the rapid growth and success of the revolution. At the time, Europe was the perfect starting ground. This was for three main reasons. First of all, agriculture in this region was flourishing. This allowed for the first “sparks” of innovation to occur. Secondly, due to this increased agriculture, the population in this region was larger. This created the minds and the work force behind the revolution. With all three of these combined, the industrial revolution was formed, allowing for numerous inventions and innovations.
England was the first country to experience the advantages and disadvantages of the Industrial Revolution, as it was the very first country in which the event happened, primarily because England was such a good source of coal and iron, arguably the most important resources needed by a country during the Industrial Revolution. Although England also experienced the Industrial Revolution because England was bountiful in lead, copper, tin, limestone and fast water supplies, overall, England was probably the most ideal place for the Industrial Revolution to be staged in the first place. A major cause for the Industrial Revolution was the enormous spurt of population growth in England. Along side the fast growth in population, medical systems had also improved, thus there was a reduction in the number of epidemics that spread resulting in less of a death toll through lack of medical knowledge. From this, the percentage of children who lived through childhood also began to increase, thus the future workforce would be even large than previously.
America had a huge industrial revolution in the late 1800”s. Many changes happened to our great nation, which factored into this. The evidence clearly shows that advancements in new technology, a large wave of immigrants into our country and new views of our government, helped to promote America’s huge industrial growth from the period of 1860-1900.
The Industrial Revolution was the transformation from agricultural to an industrial nation. During the 1780's, the Industrial Revolution first began in England. The Industrial Revolution took place when people migrated from rural areas to urban areas to work in factories. As a result of increased population and trade, Great Britain rose to be the Mother country of the Industrial Revolution. Many natural resources like coal and oil were developed in The United Kingdom. The mother country also had a very large amount of food supply, and numerous countries to trade with. Due to these advantages, many farmers upgraded their ways of farming with added machinery. In doing so less farmers were needed to work on farms. In order for some farmers to find jobs, they deserted their agricultural homes and went to work in factories.There were poor working conditions and not enough money for the workers (Downey 266). The power of the industry that propelled British goods and guns around the globe also brought its views to other countries. Interpretations of Britain's Industrial Revolution helped shape the values and the public policies in Britain, and also fostered attitudes toward capitalism and modern industry in other countries "Industrial Revolution in Britain". The Industrial Revolution was a time of new inventions, but was very harsh.
Britain, specifically England, was a politically stable society at the time and became the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution for a number of other reasons. They had merchants who already had the capital for investing in the means of production and producing factories, they held more colonies than any other nation (some already rich in their own textile industries), they had the key raw materials needed for production, and there was a large number of readily available workers (Zmolek
In the late eighteenth century, the Industrial Revolution made its debut in Great Britain and subsequently spread across Europe, North America and the rest of the world. These changes stimulated a major transformation in the way of life, and created a modern society that was no longer rooted in agricultural production but in industrial manufacture. Great Britain was able to emerge as the world’s first industrial nation through a combination of numerous factors such as natural resources, inventions, transport systems, and the population surge. It changed the way people worked and lived, and a revolution was started. As stated by Steven Kreis in Lecture 17, “England proudly proclaimed itself to be the "Workshop of the World," a position that country held until the end of the 19th century when Germany, Japan and United States overtook it.”
The industrial revolution of 17th and 18th centuries saw the transformation of Britain from a Neolithic nation into an industrious nation. However, this spread quickly throughout the world, introducing the modernisation of agriculture, revolution in power and manufacturing of textile.
The Industrial Revolution of the 18th century changed Europe forever. At the front of this change was Great Britain, which used some natural advantages and tremendous thinking and innovation to become the leader of the Industrial Revolution.