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The Importance of Preventive Maintenance

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Preventive maintenance can be defined as an activity performed on a certain schedule which is intended to prevent breakdowns or deterioration. These activities can include regular inspection along with solving any discovered problems or situations and regularly scheduled parts changes. Preventive maintenance involves the scheduled adjustment, inspection, replacement of wearable parts, calibrations, basic cleaning and lubrication of equipment or other recommendation made by the equipment manufacturer. These activities can help increase the equipment functional life and help decrease facilities deterioration. No equipment should, No equipment should reach the breaking point [1].
Preventive maintenance is the base of the entire maintenance strategy for every pharmaceutical industry. One of the frequent problems that PM programs may confront is to maintain equally every equipment or parts involved in the pharmaceutical manufacturing. A safer path is to apply a risk-based approach that separates each equipment or parts of equipment in terms of their direct contact with product and possible defects on possibly affecting product quality [2]. It is useful to apply a risk-based approach to prioritize and organize the documentation needed. PM activities are more vulnerable to risks in the period of time of parts changes, including scheduled shutdowns or special projects. Complete process documentation and operating procedures, including organizational policies should exist for all maintenance activities [2].
As part of the process of developing an effective preventive maintenance program, it is also needed to change the whole organization mind-set, about maintenance. There are several steps involved in the implementation of preventive main...

... middle of paper ...

...hing versus very expensive unscheduled repairs that may be required under troublesome conditions causing production to stop and loss of revenue. Good PM saves money over a product’s life cycle.
REFERENCES
[1] Worsham W. C. (2005). Is preventive maintenance necessary? Reliability Center, Inc. Retrieved from http://www.reliability.com
[2] White paper 10 common GMP challenges facing maintenance departments in pharmaceutical plants, (2013). Retrieved from http://www.pharmout.net
[3] Clarke, G., Mulryan, G., & Liggan, P. (2010).Lean maintenance- a risk based approach. Pharmaceutical Engineering, the official magazine of ISPE,30(5),1-5 Retrieved April1, 2014, from http://www.ispe.org
[4] Gross, J.M. (2002) Fundamentals of preventive maintenance. Amacon: New York
[5] Maintenance, 21 C.F.R. 211.58 (2013).
[6] Equipment cleaning and maintenance, 21 C.F.R. 211.67 (2013).

In this essay, the author

  • Describes the advantages and disadvantages of preventive maintenance for pharmaceutical manufacturing industries.
  • Explains that pm increases the margin of safety by keeping equipment in top running condition.
  • Analyzes how mcneil healthcare collected data to determine the frequency of preventive maintenance activities at packaging lines.
  • Explains that mcneil healthcare must overcome a series of challenges to effectively implement and improve preventive maintenance systems.
  • Opines that a risk-based approach to maintenance is not applied. it can help determine which equipments are crucial to assure product quality and integrity.
  • Opines that all documentation related to equipment should be accessible to the maintenance team, before any pm work starts.
  • Opines that computerized maintenance management systems are not properly used, or employees aren't qualified to execute it. employees must be properly trained.
  • Explains that maintenance plans are not updated as part of new equipment introduction and production plans. new equipment must include the corresponding procedure and specifications required for the proper functioning of the equipment.
  • Summarizes the implementations made to pm activities and procedures at mcneil healthcare and estimates a 10% reduction in overall packaging equipment failure.
  • Cites the white paper 10 common gmp challenges facing maintenance departments in pharmaceutical plants.
  • Cites clarke, mulryan, & liggan as the editors of pharmaceutical engineering. lean maintenance- a risk based approach.
  • Explains that preventive maintenance is the basis of the entire maintenance strategy for every pharmaceutical industry.
  • Explains that pharmaceutical companies recognize the need for change because of growing regulatory requirements and competition in the marketplace.
  • Explains that unscheduled repairs are higher than pm downtime hours, which indicates that pm activities aren't performed on time or not performed at all.
  • Explains the current capability of preventive maintenance in packaging equipments depends on different factors, such as a lack of maintenance management process knowledge or training in the company's computerized maintenance system.
  • Recommends assigning preventive tasks to lines operators, such as cleaning, lubricating, and visual inspections before and after using the equipment, so that mechanics and technicians can work on scheduled pm activities.
  • Explains that the objective of this project was met; the overall rate of packaging equipment failure was reduced. good pm saves money over a product’s life cycle.
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      • Explains landucci, tugnoli and cozzani's "inherent safety key performance indicators for hydrogen storage systems," j. hazard. mater., vol.
      • Explains the key performance indicators for inherent safety: application to the hydrogen supply chain, process saf. prog., vol. 28, no. 2, pp.
      • Describes the key factors that support the selection of process and plant design options by inherent safety kpis.
      • Explains shariff and zaini's "inherent risk assessment methodology in preliminary design stage: a case study for toxic release," j. loss prev. process ind., vol.
      • Explains that m. abuswer, p. amyotte, and f. khan, “a quantitative risk management framework for dust and hybrid mixture explosions,” j. loss prev. process ind.
      • Describes e. j. bernechea and j arnaldos' work on optimizing the design of storage facilities through the application of isd and qra.
      • Explains srinivasan and natarajan's review of developments in inherent safety during 2001–2011 and opportunities ahead.
      • Explains rusli's integrated inherently safer design evaluation tool (iisdet) for use in preliminary design stage.
      • Explains that f. i. khan and p. r. amyotte, “how to make inherent safety practice a reality,” can. j. chem. eng., vol.
      • Explains that health, safety and environment (hse) is important in the chemical process industries to ensure smooth operation without interruption.
      • Explains that the main objective of isd is to avoid or eliminate inherent hazards from the source, rather than accepting their existence and designing control systems to manage them. conceptual design takes only 2% of the total project cost and can contribute around 30% of cost reduction opportunities.
      • Explains the limitations of isd assessment techniques, such as the lack of suitable decision-making analysis, to choose conflicting alternatives during the early stages of design.
      • Opines that process simulators should have the capability to assess the safety level for alternative design based on isd principles, evaluate the cost and have a supporting tools to help decision making process.
      • Explains that isd has great advantages, but they also suffer from trade-offs or conflicts that arise from the modification done based on the suggested concept.
      2399 words
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    • Brewing Beer
      comparative essay
      Inspect your equipment for cracks, leaks, chips, etc. Ensure your equipment is safe for use and sanitized properly.

      In this essay, the author

      • Explains that the brewing process has been the same for 4,500 years. the fermentation process and bottling will not be covered herein.
      • Recommends inspecting your equipment for cracks, leaks and chips, and ensuring it is safe for use.
      • Explains that a kit usually consists of malt extract, yeast, and hops.
      • Explains that beer brewing is believed to have begun with the mesopotamians, who began modern human civilizations by producing beer.
      • Explains that it is not recommended to use chlorine bleach to sanitize the brewing equipment. bleach is corrosive to metal parts.
      • Explains that wort is the sweet, amber liquid extracted from malted barley that the yeast will later ferment into beer.
      • Explains that temperature is critical during this stage. if the water is too hot, damage to the yeast may occur.
      1009 words
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    • Aircraft Maintenance Practices
      comparative essay
      Aviation industry deals with more than thousands of people and also spending millions of funds in order to meet the requirements, satisfy the necessities of people and to produce state-of-the-art aircraft. With its objective it is significant to consider the hazards involved and bring out an output with the least extent and under control risks to prevent any loss in terms of life and even profit.

      In this essay, the author

      • Opines that working at height is inevitable and must be taken into account crucially, knowing it is liable to serious injuries and fatalities whether it resulted from falls below or above 2 m.
      • Recommends working in a safe place and using the proper equipment when it cannot be avoided.
      • Explains that confined space is an enclosed place where there is no much space to freely move and restricted pathways for entry or exit which could lead to serious injuries or death.
      • Explains that the aviation industry spends millions of dollars to produce state-of-the-art aircraft. the study aims to provide information and knowledge more on aircraft maintenance safety precautions and procedures.
      • Explains that fire extinguishers are portable fire equipment which plays a vital role in any place since fire fighters aren't essential. there are different classes of fire, which depends on what is on fire.
      • Explains that class b fires are the flammable liquids such as petroleum, alcohol, oil, and can be extinguished with foam, co2, water, or halon.
      • Advises that employers and competent workers should be responsible with proper work planning and consider the risk assessment before carrying out tasks.
      • Describes the various hazards that could arise when working in confined spaces and recommends following safety guidelines and procedures.
      • Concludes that no matter what task is asked to carry out, everything should be done with care and proper process, not relying on one’s own ability and knowledge.
      1020 words
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