A teacher uses hand gestures, head and body movements, verbal statements in order to draw the attention of her students and to sustain it. The behavior of the teacher is a stimulus to the pupils. However continued use of stimulus may induce disinterest and inattention on account of so many psychological and physiological factors. The teacher must be skilled in securing and sustaining the attention of her pupils. Stimulus variation deals with a change or variation in the stimuli available in the learner’s environment. The teacher should know, when, how and what to change so that her students are attentive. Thus the skill of stimulus variation may be defined as a set of behavior for bringing about a desirable change in variation in the stimuli …show more content…
In order to secure and sustain the attention is main theme of this skill. Knowing that on the basis of psychological experiments that attention of the individual tends to shift from one stimulus soother very quickly. It is very complex for an individual to attend to the same stimulus for more than a few seconds. Therefore, for securing and sustaining the attention of the pupils to the lesson it is imperative to make variations in the stimulus. This is because attention is the important pre-requisite for learning (Brown, G.A., …show more content…
The change in the speech pattern makes the pupils attentive and creates interest in the lesson.
Change in Interaction Style When two or more persons communicate their views with each other, they are said to be interacting. In the classroom the following three styles of interaction are possible:
1. Teacher ↔ Class (Teacher talks to class and vice versa)
2. Teacher ↔ Pupil (Teacher talks to pupil and vice versa)
3. Pupil ↔ Pupil (Pupil talks to pupil)
All types of interaction should go side by side to secure and sustain pupils’ attention.
Focusing The teacher draws the attention of the pupils to the particular point in the lesson either by using verbal or gestural focusing. In verbal focusing the teacher makes statements like, “look here”“listen to me” “note it carefully”. In gestural focusing pointing towards some object with fingers or underlining the important words on the black board.
Pausing
This means “stop talking” by the teacher for a moment. When the teacher becomes silent during teaching, it at once draws the attention of the pupils with curiosity towards the teacher. The message given at this point is easily received by the
Cloran (n.d.) suggest teachers need to have a broad understanding of giftedness and learning disabilities, a variety of identification measures and the ability to modify the curriculum and implement differentiated teaching strategies to meet the unique needs of all students. A graduate teacher recognises that students learn in their own way and should understand and be able to identify a number of teaching strategies to differentiate and meet the learning needs of all students. They may create groups based on previous assessment results and set clear or modified instructions for each group based on ability or learning styles. To address the specific learning needs of all student abilities, multi-sensory strategies using charts, diagrams, outside lessons and videos, as well as posters around the room or information on the desk could be used. Tomlinson (1999) suggests that differentiated instruction aims to build on student’s strengths and maximize their learning by adjusting instructional tasks to suit their individual needs. Ensuring teaching and instructions are clear, revising and prompting students during lessons and providing templates and assisting student in breaking down tasks into achievable, systematic chunks are some additional examples. Lucas, (2008) suggests highlighting key vocabulary within the text to focus students on the central concepts within the text. Quick finishing students should be provided with the opportunity to extend themselves with extension tasks that have a specific purpose and
Some years ago, teachers and students both struggled with how to teach and how to learn. Each person is unique in their own way so it will depend on how every student understand things. Teachers also have different or particular style in which they also teach. The problem then develops when students and teachers do not match. Piaget through and Vygotsky through their developments showed us how children could be able to learn. For this, I chose to talk about the learning styles of children or students since it is important for them to understand what they are being thought in class.
The teaching technique used in intervention is behavior modification, it is known that people learn because they are rewarded by others or their environment Albert Bandura (1977). People’s actions are shaped by input from others, including feedback and reinforcement. Behavior modification takes place through three step process, antecedent (task explanation, model, cue) is provided, response is then elicited and a consequence (feedback, reinforcement) occurs immediately.
This article examined the effectiveness of fixed-time delivery of teacher attention to increase on-task behavior of 2 students in a general education classroom. During the baseline phase, teacher attention was given in the normal manner and no changes were made. During the treatment phases of the study, teacher attention was provided to these students on a 5-minute fixed-time schedule. Between intervals, the teacher behaved in her typical manner. The results of the study indicated that a fixed-time schedule of teacher attention was effective in decreasing student’s off-task and disruptive behavio...
Today’s society, children are born on different educational levels. Some children can learn things easily and others take a little more time to understand the lesson. In general, people learn things at their own speed and time. The way a person learns is a technique that is suited for him or her. However, this progresses the rapidity and quality of the person learning. There are different learning styles that a person learns of such as, visual, verbal, social, solitary, aural, logical or physical. This is something that is a personal preference the person feels more beneficial to help them learn. In fact, whatever the person chosen learning styles are it guides him or her to learn. Every person has a combination of learning technique. Some
The key aspect of teaching is engaging the students. I can testify that I learn best when the teacher is involving me, as well as others, in the assignment. Making the material personal is a useful skill and helps the students learn at a faster rate.
Learning styles is one of the ways schools have changed over the past couple of years in regards to diversity. The varieties of learning styles of students have become more aware to educators. There are three main learning styles; visual learning, kinesthetic learning, and auditory learning. Visual learners take up about half of student learners using textbooks, charts, course outlines, and graphs are useful instructional aides (Sadker, p. 47). Kinesthetic learning is also known as tactile learning. These students learn by hands on learning. Planning for student to have movement in class will help these learners. Our last learning style is the less of the three called auditory learning. These students learn best by hearing; they can remember the details of conversations and lectures and many have strong language skills (Sadker, p. 47). By providing a time for these students to recite the lesson themselves can support this form of learning. To be an effective teacher for all the learning style diversities means being able to be flexible and incorporate a variety of teaching techniques.
Fuson, K. C., Clements, D. H., & Beckmann, S. (2011). Focus in grade 2: teaching with
The class in which the observations took place was a Year One and Two class with twenty six pupils in the class. Adults within the class were the Teacher, one Teaching Assistant with the occasional help of a Special Needs Assistant. Confidentiality is important within the classroom setting therefore to respect the individuals own confidentiality they will be known as Child J throughout this assignment. Child J is a male aged five years and three months. It was decided that the observations of the individual would be about concentration, as the Teacher was concerned that J does not have the ability to concentrate for more than five minutes at a time. The observations will be noted and taken further if it is felt that it will be beneficial to the child’s education.
Therefore the teacher proactively plans a variety of ways to ‘get at’ and express learning” (Tomlinson, 2001, p. 3). Planning for a variety of teaching strategies does not mean giving more work to the smart children. Instead the teacher must assess who understands the material, who is struggling, who needs to be challenged and decide what or how to teach the students from there (Tomlinson, 2001). Differentiation should occur naturally and involve individual, class and group work to allow for the differences in all students and all subjects of study (Tomlinson, 2001). Probably the most important aspect of differentiation is the idea of challenging all learners at their level instead of giving extra work to those students whom learn the concepts quickly.
Strategies to support inclusive student participation and engagement in learning allow the teacher to help students who struggle to become involved in class and who struggle to engage in the learning material. Finally, organisation of the classroom and providing directions to learners managing challenging behaviour is highly important to create a positive and creative workspace that allows students to want to learn and to reduce bullying in the class.
Behavior is communication (Stiles 2013 p.215); therefore, the teacher must determine the function of the behavior to more accurately replace the behavior. To find the most appropriate intervention, the function of the behavior needs to be determined (Nungesser and Watkins, p.145). Working to replace unwanted behaviors with acceptable behaviors that will yield the same needs for the child is the ultimate goal (Nungesser, Watkins, p. 145). For example, a student hits others when he wants their attention. A replacement behavior would be to teach him to tap instead of hit. Once this behavior has been achieved, he can be taught a new replacement behavior of saying “excuse me” or calling the person by name. Sometimes it takes multiple layers of training to alter student behaviors.
To distinguish a student by their learning style, there must first be a review of the student’s abilities and the factors affecting their learning. When reviewing these factors there will be a sense of when the students responses are more consistent and help a teacher figure out when a student learns the best and how they learn as an individual. There are six different things that could affect the learning of a student: brain processing, senses, physical needs, environment, social needs, and emotional attitudes (Creative learning,1997).
The biggest challenge before a teacher is the presentation of a lesson. If a lesson presentation is effective, students can reach the goals of life by acquisition of knowledge; and if the teacher is unsuccessful in his presentation, it is impossible to achieve the educational objectives. The method of teaching is directly related to the presentation of the lesson. The method of teaching depends on the nature of the subject, and the tact of the teacher. This essay is aimed at assessing teaching methods and strategies used in schools and discuss innovations that should take place to make them more effective and learner centred. Brandes and Ginnis (1996:167) acknowledge that the movement from established well-known ground to explore new teaching strategies is a tough challenge to teachers.
I will try to prepare my lesson 100% to enhance learning. I will try to research my topic and try to integrate different resources and activities to make my lesson engaging and interesting to my students. I am able to use a variety of methods to teach a lesson to the students. This helps the students to get engaged visually, physically and verbally. I did not know, but I really like to use different resources and art materials to create something that will enhance my lesson and able to engage my students throughout the lesson. By creating and using a variety of methods and activities during the center time, I can meet the student’s needs to help them to learn.