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Educational problems faced by deaf childrens research paper
Educational problems faced by deaf childrens research paper
Explain how profound deafness can affect a child's development and growth
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Today there is controversy in deaf culture as whether it is better to orally train a child or expose them to signing. In this paper, I will look at the quality of speech developed in deaf children, predictors of speech development, and language abilities of deaf children who are orally trained versus deaf children who are exposed to a fluent sign language.
Children with hearing loss develop speech slower than children who are hearing. Speech development can be broken down into intelligibility, noun production, and consonant production. Children who are hard of hearing are capable of developing speech with little errors in intelligibility, noun production, and consonant production, but the more minor the hearing loss, the less likely it is to be caught, so intelligibility does not become strong until on average age 7 (Yoshinaga-Itano, C., & Sedey, A., 1998). The difference between these children and children who are deaf are not in the types of errors made, but in the amount of errors. Deaf children have a more nasal speech, often substitute consonants like b for p and d for t, and have trouble pronouncing diphthongs like the “ou” sound. Studies have shown improving linguistics improves intelligibility meaning the more the child understands the rules of the language, the stronger his or her comprehensibility will be (Yoshinaga-Itano, C., & Sedey, A., 1998).
Because most hearing loss was not caught before the age of two in the past, not much is known about speech development in children under the age of three. That, however is changing due to hearing tests at birth. More research is being done. As of now there are still few case studies and small group samplings. This research is varied but shows that there is little difference betw...
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...e by a parent who is not fluent in sign without any exposure to fluency in sign, the same risk applies for the child applies.
For further research about whether sign or oral training is more beneficial, it would be helpful to look into how these effect all aspects of development, not just learning. The literacy difference in deaf children who are orally trained versus those who are fluent in sign language most likely differs greatly due to the fact that deaf children are required to use a written word that is not sign language based. Other factors such as literacy, not simple language development would make it more clear which strategy is more beneficial.
In conclusion, there are advantages and disadvantages to both orally training and teaching sign to a deaf child. Based on language development alone, there does not seem to be a more appropriate strategy to use.
...at sign language was a last resort if the child did not pick up lip reading and oral communication. Thomas now met someone who signed and spoke and realized that signing is a language in its own and its importance to people who could not hear the oral language. This began their quest to learn sign language and use it with Lynn despite the school and public opinion.
I believe that this is important because if a young Deaf/hard of hearing student has a hard time learning what will their view on learning become? I also don’t agree with the fact that the article suggests the use of MCE (Manually coded English). Manually coded English, is similar to ASL But, follows the grammatical setup of English. Whereas ASL has its own grammatical setup. I believe that a Deaf/C.O.D.A teacher is the best opportunity for the students. Young Deaf students should be taught by Deaf/C.O.D.A teachers because ASL is most likely the students first language. Consequently ASL would be the easiest way to learn English. From the perspective of a Deaf person, ¨I had a hard time learning English, I had both a Deaf teacher and a hearing teacher. I learned English easiest from the Deaf teacher” (S. White, personal communication, February 16, 2016). Also, young Deaf students should be taught by Deaf teachers because Deaf/C.O.D.A are good language models. Language models are important to have because who else would be a good model for ASL? Throughout this article I will be exploring and sharing with you why Deaf/C.O.D.A teachers are important to the education of young Deaf/hard of hearing
The “deaf and dumb” stigma as well as the delayed language and cognitive development of some Deaf children concerns this topic. “Ninety percent of deaf children have hearing parents, and usually there’s a significant communication gap” (Drolsbaugh 48). Therefore, it is not that being born deaf or hard of hearing that makes children unintelligent. It is the lack of access to language in the critical early years, as hearing parents often do not know sign language, that causes later issues in education. This can be seen from the fact that the brain’s plasticity, or its ability to acquire new information and establish neural pathways, is the greatest at birth and wanes throughout development. Therefore, if a child does not have sufficient access to language before five, significant language, and thus cognitive impairment, can result (100). Additionally, children learn about the world around them and develop critical thinking skills through asking questions. However, hearing parents often “wave off” such questions as unimportant due to difficulty explaining them (48). Therefore, early exposure to an accessible language such as ASL is crucial in developing language and cognitive abilities. When hearing families are fully aware and understanding of this, it can greatly facilitate improvements in education for Deaf
I suggest there be larger sample sizes and that all participants be randomly assigned to experimental groups. Not only would this help show empirical support, but results could then be generalized beyond the experiments. Longitudinal data should also be recorded in order to measure the long term effects of teaching children sign language or symbolic gestures, especially as it relates to development of language. If there more longitudinal data becomes available to analyze, then parents and educators could be better informed when making the decision use baby sign language or not. Also, there needs to be a more diverse sample of participants. Many studies only included with middle class parents. Since there is no evidence of harm to children with the use o baby sign language, I believe it is a useful communication tool.
Stahlman is a researcher who conducted a study over native speakers and non-native speakers. If a person is born deaf, he or she would “acquire a first language via sign in a normal and natural environment” (Stahlman, 349). Meaning that a parent with a deaf child could possibly take ASL classes to help their child learn ASL before going to school. With a parent being able to sign that means a child would have a way to communicate more efficiently at school, home, and with the outside world. However, if a person becomes deaf later in life or is self-taught they may not use ASL due to the new syntax and grammar rules. Therefore, PSE would be easier for them to learn and use to communicate since the syntax and grammar rules are those of the spoken English
While the benefits for the hearing are great, there are better benefits for those who are Deaf. Jarashow stated that it was essentially frowned upon if a Deaf child was using sign instead of trying to use what ability they had to hear. This seems counterproductive and if they emphasized more on teaching Deaf children ASL, there would be better outcomes for them in the future. Instead of focusing on trying to make everyone the same, they should focus on giving these children the best opportunity possible despite their
The documentary “For a Deaf Son,” delineates a young boy, Thomas Tranchin, who was born deaf into a hearing family, and the battle his parents endured to decide to teach Thomas in sign language communication, strictly communicate in English, or both. The documentary is educational for the hearing world to shape their own particular opinions on what type of technique would be better for their child in the event that they were to ever be in a comparative circumstance. As Dr. Carlos Erting expressed in the film, 93% of hearing impaired children have hearing parents; therefore, this documentary gives a glimpse at both perspectives of nonverbal communication and oral communication. However, as I viewed the short film, the clashing feelings of Thomas’
(Hartford, 2017) After the Deaf began to flourish by expanding their community in creating clubs, schools, and deaf safe zones where they could gather, in the 1860s Alexander Graham Bell started to spread the belief that those who can speak and hear are inherently superior. He wanted to wipe the U.S. clean of what he thought to be hereditary deafness, going as far as to strongly advocate against deaf intermarriage and removing Deaf faculty from schools. (Padden and Malzkuhn, 2007) Later in 1880, delegates met at the request of Bell to discuss deaf education. As a result, a resolution passed that encouraged spoken language, thus banning sign language in schools. This only ended in 1980 during the International Congress on Education of the Deaf when it was declared that deaf children had the right to use the mode of communication that met their needs and successfully overturned Congress’ 1880 ban. (Padden and Malzkuhn, 2007) Fortunately, it is now often allowed for deaf students to have access to an interpreter in a public hearing school. In younger grades especially though, it is hard to determine how much of the educational content can be understood and if an interpreter that lacks skill affects academic achievement.(Anita, 2013) The Deaf in the U.S. now receive better treatment than before but that does not mean they
“Learning another language is not only learning different words for the same things, but learning another way to think about things” (American). For centuries, people from all walks of life have been using their hands to communicate with one another, and for centuries people from all walks of life have been learning. Today I am following in their footsteps with a passion from God for the deaf language, culture, and souls. For almost a decade, an intense ardor for American Sign Language and a desire to reach its native users for Christ seeded itself in my soul, wove its roots deeper and deeper, and blossomed into one of the greatest loves of my life. American Sign Language is a unique language with a rich history that not only provides a service to people in the deaf culture, but also to hearing people who seek to attain fluency.
From a deafness-as-defect mindset, many well-meaning hearing doctors, audiologists, and teachers work passionately to make deaf children speak; to make these children "un-deaf." They try hearing aids, lip-reading, speech coaches, and surgical implants. In the meantime, many deaf children grow out of the crucial language acquisition phase. They become disabled by people who are anxious to make them "normal." Their lack of language, not of hearing, becomes their most severe handicap. While I support any method that works to give a child a richer life, I think a system which focuses on abilities rather than deficiencies is far more valuable. Deaf people have taught me that a lack of hearing need not be disabling. In fact, it shouldn?t be considered a lack at all. As a h...
Lou, Mimi WheiPing. Language Learning and Deafness: The history of language use in the education of the Deaf in the United States. Ed. Michael Strong. Cambridge: Cambridge Universtiy Press, 1988. 77-96. Print.
What’s the first thing you do when you get up in the morning? For most it would be waking to the sound of their alarm clock, but what happens if you cannot hear? What if you are deaf? The purpose of this paper is to explain and define American Sign Language (ASL), how it is used and who uses it. I will inform you about the origins of ASL, how it started the first deaf school. I will discuss people who influence ASL, and how ASL has changed over time, and I will also include interesting facts and weird signs.
According to Hutchison (2007), the pivotal moment in the early history of deaf education was the International Congress of the Education of the Deaf, which met in Milan in 1880. Prior to that time, sign language was widely used as the language of instruction in schools for the deaf around the world. At the Milan conference, leading educators passed several resolutions that effectively banned sign language from classrooms, stating the “incontestable superiority of speech over signs in restoring the deaf-mute to society, which gives him a fuller knowledge of language” (Hutchison, 2007, p. 481) and declaring that “the oral method should be preferred to that of signs in the education and instruction of deaf-mutes” (Hutchison, 2007, p. 481). Not only did the resolutions disallow the use of the na...
THESIS STATEMENT: American Sign Language didn’t begin around 1814 which is fairly new language compared to modern languages such as English, Spanish, and French. ASL started when deaf education was first introduced in the United States. In this speech, we will be discussing the following: where, when, and why did ASL started, the history of Martha’s Vineyard, recognition of ASL as a real
Did you know that half of the kids that are born today turn out to be deaf? Studies have proven that parents that are both hearing could have deaf children. People are telling them that they should get a cochlear implant. If you guys didn’t know what a cochlear implant is, it would be that you get to hear and talk like a normal human being. Half the deaf people don’t want to get a cochlear implant because it is really dangerous. I strongly believe that schools should teach sign language in schools. Yes there is school for the deaf and it is called Iowa School for the Deaf, but some people don’t want to go there and they just want to be around regular people and not get looked at funny or made fun of. Kids just want to live a normal life among other kids and have friends and not have to worry about looking at the interpreted while they are trying to do their work.