The Importance Of Plant Growth

For the observer, plants have no motility property, that’s why, plants-that are living organisms-considered as static, while there are many dynamic processes crop up in each part of the plant (Levetin-McMahon 2008)

In the nineteenth century, Initial experiments of molecular and physiological studies determined that plants depend on small molecules to conduct every aspect of their biology (Nemhauser, Hong et al. 2006). Julius von Sachs and Charles Darwin illustrated that these small molecules are involved in plant growth processes. Later on we came to know that these small molecules are actually hormones capable of moving from one part of the plant to another(Darwin 1880). Generally these small molecules exist in low concentrations and behave locally, either present nearby the point of synthesis, or in isolated tissues. With the passage of time number of plant hormones(not limited to) were imitative from crucial metabolic pathways including: indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) or Auxin, abscisic acid (ABA), cytokinin, gibberelic acid (GA), ethylene, jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid, brassinosteroids (BRs) (Table-1).On the whole, these hormones are responsible for each and every activity of plant life which includes, pattern formation during developmental processes along with the varying degree of responses to biotic and abiotc stress (Jun, Fiume et al. 2008).

Structural diversity of strigolactones

All naturally occuring strigolactones have a tricyclic lactone named as ABC part that is connected through an enol ether bridge further to a butenolide group named as (D-ring ). A ring is consisted of 1 or 2 methyl groups, while one or more than one hydroxyl or acetyloxyl groups in the A/B ring. Common precursor of strigolactone is 5-deoxyst...

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... Hanada et al. 2008).

Signals move in descending order come from shoot tip (apex), control bud growth and eventually responsible in inhibition of bud growth. Auxin is produced by young leaves located at the edge of main shoot, and moves down the plant. Shoot activity depends on the amount of auxin being produced. The action of auxin in bud growth is indirectly influences by two other long-distance second messengers (Brewer, Koltai et al. 2013):these are cytokinins and strigolactones, but have opposite functions to each other (Brewer, Dun et al. 2009; Dun, de Saint Germain et al. 2012). Data shows that strigolactones result in inhibition of bud growth (Gomez-Roldan, Fermas et al. 2008; Umehara, Hanada et al. 2008) whereas cytokinins support bud growth (Wickson and Thimann 1958). Both strigolactones and cytokinins are directed by auxins (Dun, Brewer et al. 2009).