The Importance Of Metabolism In Nutrition And Food

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1.Introduction Food is the basic and vital necessity for the very existence of humans. The food consists of carbohydrate, lipids, proteins, minerals and vitamins. The food we eat is in a complex macromolecule form and needs to be digested and absorbed to use for various metabolic activities.
Digestion is a process of breaking down complex molecules into smaller molecules which can be easily absorbed and utilized for other activities. Metabolism is the entire chemical reactions taking place in a living cell. It is a well structured and integrated process which utilizes enzymatic reactions to produce a particular product. Metabolism can be classified into two as catablosim and anabolism. Catabolism is breaking of complex molecules to simple …show more content…

Around 86% of milk is water and energy in milk is derived from proteins, carbohydrates and fats. Digestion and absorption occurs mainly in the gastrointestinal tract and starts from ingestion and ends with excretion of the wastes. When milk is ingested, principal activities start in the mouth by secretion of enzymes. When the sense of taste stimulates, gastric secretion occurs in the stomach. Efficient absorption and digestion of most macronutrients occurs in the small intestine due to presence of finger-like projections called villi. Villi increase the surface area for digestion and …show more content…

But due to low pH in the stomach, gastric lipase is unable to digest the fats.The fats are already distributed as small droplets in the milk. This emulsified fats in the milk would enable lipases secreted by the pancreas to act and aid in digestion of fats. The action of lipase produces free fatty acids and glycerols. Even the mechanical action of peristalisis helps in emulsifying the lipids. The smaller lipid droplets increase the acitivty of lipase for digestion. Absorption of lipids are aided by bile salts by forming mixed micelles, which transports the lipids into the membrane of the intestinal mucosal cells. The lipids get packed together surrounded by a layer to form chylomicrons which finally enter the

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