The Importance Of Knowledge Management

Nowadays, knowledge management plays a critical role in contribution to an organization’s success. It became increasingly important factors in competitive world. In order to be successful in challenging organizational environment, the organization not only creates and applies new knowledge and experiences, but also learns from its past errors and reuses the knowledge efficiency. In this case, knowledge management is not intended to replace individual knowledge, yet complement it by making it stronger, more coherent and more broadly applied. (Dalkir, 2011) Hence, knowledge management presents the approach that uses full utilization of an organization’s knowledge base together with the potential of individual skills, innovations, competencies,

The process includes creating, sharing, capturing, applying and managing the knowledge. The purpose of knowledge management is trying to achieve organizational goals by making the best use of knowledge. In Grey’s definition, knowledge management is a collaborative an integrated approach to the creation, capture, organization, access and use of an enterprise’s intellectual assets. (Grey, 1996) From the cognitive science or knowledge science perspective, knowledge is the insights, understandings, and practical know-how that we all possess which is the fundamental resource that allows us to function intelligently. On the other side, from the process or technology perspective, knowledge management is the concept under which information is turned into actionable knowledge and made available effortlessly in a usable form to the people who can apply it. There are two major types of knowledge which are tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge. Tacit knowledge is individual’s experiences and knowledge which he or she earns while handling situations. It is usually difficult to put into words or text. In contrast, explicit knowledge is produces or guideline presented in some tangible form such as words, images, or audio

The Meyer and Zack KM Cycle (1999): is extracted from work on the design and develop of information products. The major developmental stages of a knowledge repository are analyzed and mapped to the stages of a KM cycle such as acquisitions, refinement, storage, distribute and presentation. Meyer and Zach’s model focuses more on the architecture of information products. Among knowledge management models, Zack model is one of the most complete picture of the key elements involved in the knowledge management. The Meyer and Zack model overlaps with the Wiig model in terms of its acquisition and storage/retrieval phases, but it was the first to introduce the notion of critically assessing knowledge before allowing it to pass on to the next processing