Our everyday behaviors can reveal the personality traits we have based on our habits or behaviors. Applying psychological concepts to them helps to understand these behaviors better and why certain people behave one way or another. I’ve noticed that I tend to judge people mostly how their physical behavior and the way they interact with people. I’ve come to find that when I do that it helps me to determine what type of person they are and if I would want to know them better such as becoming friends with them. Many times I’ve had strangers come up and try to make a conversation with me. Although I did try to be pleasant to them, I really wasn’t interested in making a conversation with them. When I think back about those moments, I feel that …show more content…
I always try to imagine the future of a certain event and I imagine different aspects of it and how it can turn out bad. But on the other hand, I’m a very independent person and I’m always determined to strive toward a certain goal. Many times, I find people who are always offering to help me with something. And I often feel bad because I reject them and say that I can do this on my own, I don’t need any help. Because of this, I thought it would be interesting to find out why I act this certain way in most situations. This is sort of like a personality trait but also a habit that I notice I do everyday. I feel like this also has to do with my response to an experience. For example, if something unpleasant has occurred in my past, I have learned the lesson and as a result act differently than I did before. It would be interesting to apply a couple of psychological concepts and see how the way they work to influence my personality and my …show more content…
Because of the way I judge other’s behaviors to figure out who they are as a person is an example of attribution theory. Attribution theory is attributing feelings, beliefs, and intentions to others in order to understand their behavior. For example, when I am at the store and I see a person helping someone else. I think to myself and classify them as a nice thoughtful person and that they are doing what they are doing because of the way they were brought up. Something else I use in social thinking is fundamental attribution error. Fundamental attribution is the way you look at another person 's behavior and try to explain their behavior in terms of external or internal factors such as personal characteristics or a situation. Often times people tend to overestimate the internal factors and underestimate the influence of external factors. Like I mentioned above, I judge people based on their impression, fundamental attribution error can play a role in this. Since I am looking and analyzing a person’s behavior to figure out what the person is like, I am paying too much attention to their personal characteristics and chose to ignore the situation they are in. For example, when I see someone acting rude in public I assume that that person is someone who I would not want to meet because they look like a bad person based on their behavior. But that is the part where the error is.
One behavior that I tend to exhibit is stress. I often worry about things, like the future, and anticipate on this going wrong often. “You think about how your choices and their consequences could affect you down the road.” (“My Virtual Life” Emerging Adulthood) “You’ve thought about the future some, and will probably be feeling worried the more you think about it.” (“My Virtual Life” Emerging Adulthood) I need to relax a little about things, and let life happen as it does. The majority of things that I worry about are beyond my control. This might serve as obstacles later in life because stress can lead to health problems. A lifetime of stress can hurt your heart and blood pressure, along with other things.
“Everyday conceptions of personality traits make two key assumptions. First, traits are stable over time… Second, it is generally believed that traits directly influence behavior” (Matthews, Deary, & Whiteman, 2003). Traits can be used as explanations or reasoning for behavior or mood. There have been several notable psychologists to agree with and study the trait theory of personality. Gordon Allport was a psychologist that devoted his work to personality psychology with a focus on the trait perspective (Allport, 1961). Carr and Kingsbury (1938) advocated for further research into personality traits and the idea that the human personality was made specifically of traits even if the traits were not always overt or observable, but rather a person’s behavior could be interpreted to learn about what traits they may
We meet strangers everywhere we go. They come from all walks of life. We can choose to ignore them or to talk to them. I have judged people based on the way they walk, talk, dress or the way they approached me. These judgments tend to stick with me even if I find out who they really are. I don 't think it is right to get judgmental when I first approach a person. I feel so bad when I find out who they really are isn 't who I thought they were. It just seems to happen so naturally. I guess it is just human nature. I can relate this to my senior high school days. Most of the judgments I made about people never helped me because it got me into bad company. In a short story ‘Strangers’, a stranger hurt and lied to Toni Morrison about who she was. She was really hurt by the stranger because she had misjudged her about who she was. She did not expect a woman, who looked so humble, would do such a thing. I can relate to her story because I also misjudged someone and ended up getting hurt.
In this essay, we have been asked to evaluate two psychological perspectives’ in relation to “typical behaviour”. The perspectives I have chosen is the behaviourist and biological approach, to be able analyse these approaches, I have decide to use the case study of the death of the two year old ‘James Bulger’ and with this, the relevant therapy’s used by each perspective.
Every single individual has a personality; it is the very quintessence of human existence. Personality drives our interactions with others, our desires – conscious and unconscious, our perceived needs, and to a certain extent, even our actions. Psychodynamic approaches to personality are focused on the belief that we have virtually no control over our own personality, that it is primarily controlled by unconscious powers. Social cognitive approaches to personality centers around the belief that we still have little to no control over our own personality, and that the cognitive influence, that is to say thoughts, feelings, expectations and values – along with the observation of others behavior is the primary influence on personality. These two approaches to personality are so radically different, and yet both have their own merits – they are two of many, and nobody is quite sure what the truth is.
Personality is patterns of thinking, behavior and emotional responses that make up individuality over time. Psychologist attempt to understand how personality develops and its impact on how we behave. Several theories attempt to explain personality, using different approaches. The social-cognitive and humanistic approaches are two of many theories that attempt to explain personality. This essay will identify the main concepts of social-cognitive and humanistic approach, identify perspective differences and discuss approach limitations.
An individual’s behaviour may differ depending on the circumstances they are in though there are definite signs of repetitive behaviour when placed in majority of the situations. These characteristics are known as traits which make up the personality of each person (Engler, 2014). Personality theorists do not have a mutual agreement on how the term personality should be used. They each have their definition of personality thus providing a large number of diverse personality theories (Engler, 2014). For example, Eysenck (1970) defined personality as a relatively permanent and consistent composition of an individual’s disposition that in turn establishes how the person adjusts to their
According to Baron, Byrne & Suls in their book Attitudes: Evaluating the social world. (1989) they defined the term Social Psychology as “the scientific field that seeks to understand the nature and causes of individual behavior in social situations”. (p. 6). There are many concepts of social perception, two of these that will be looked at in this essay are Implicit Personality Theory and stereotypes. Implicit personality theory describes the beliefs, biases and assumptions, that an individual uses when he or she forms impressions on a stranger based on limited information. The way we form impressions and the different conclusions we make about other people based upon our individual impressions is also part of this theory. One of the first people to investigate how people form impressions was Solomon Asch in the 1940’s in his experiment ‘Forming Impressions of Personality' he was interested in how people form impressions and if certain traits affected peoples impressions. A good example of Implicit personality theory is if someone who is considered unpredictable they may be considered dangerous. The second Concept of Social Psychology that will be considered is stereotypes. Cardwell (1996) described stereotypes as “...A fixed, over generalized belief about a particular group or class of people.” may have beliefs and thoughts on different social groups and individual people and how they should act, and believe that all people in that group conform and have the same characteristics as the rest. By using stereotypes, it helps us simplify how we think of the social world as having a stereotype reduces our thinking process when we meet new people. An example of stereotyping is saying that all French people wear berets and have garlic a...
Personality traits can affect success in school and many other long-term outcomes. Traits affect daily moods as well (Feist & Feist, 2009). An individual’s personality may seem unstable from one situation to the next: this means that an individual may be acutely aware of his or her academic work, but not aware of the cleanliness of his home or the working condition of his car (Feist & Feist, 2009). The lack of interest in the cleanliness of the home and the working order of the car may be from any number of factors, but it still points out that his trait of being conscientious is situational. A person’s disposition will only affect his behavior under certain conditions or in specific situations (Feist & Feist, 2009). This observation seems to suggest that an individual’s perceptions of self and situation play a strong role in behavior, as opposed to personality as the only indicator (Feist & Feist, 2009). Another example of situational changes in personality includes dating. A person that is outgoing and friendly may be shy and reserved when on a date with a new person, or when they around someone they are interested in. This may be because the person wants to make a good impression; it co...
According to the video entitled Behaviorism: A general overview of behaviorist learning theory, this approach to learning rejects the emphasis on the conscious and unconscious mind and focuses on the observable behavior of the subject. The principle of the behaviorism theory is that there is a direct association between a stimulus and the response an individual makes, the change in an individual’s behavior indicates that learning has occurred, and that individuals are not born with disposition to act in particular ways (Ormrod, 2012). In classrooms where the behavioral technique is used, there are often behavior modification and token reward systems in place (Campana, 2011).
Many factors make up the theory, and although there is a lot of information on it, many psychologists are still studying it today. We all form impressions differently which makes human interacting so interesting. Different traits, central, peripheral, and effect of observer traits play a big part in forming an impression. Central traits refer to who we are deep down, while peripheral traits refer to who we are sometimes. Peripheral traits stuck out to me because we tend to remember those traits of any other traits other people possess. It’s important to remember to never judge a book by its cover. We obviously have a tendency to make judgments with limited information and learning more about how and why we do this was very interesting to me. The girl who is quiet in class may not be who we think she is, she might not be that girl who thinks she’s too good to participate, she may have severe anxiety and every time she wants to speak her anxiety stops her from doing so. It’s important to slowly form impressions, although we automatically do this, we should be more aware and open-minded when meeting new
This theory is adapted by an induvial by watching others. I’ve learned pretty much everything through my friends and family to not know how to fully think on my own yet. Cognitive-Social Theory focuses on Albert Bandura's two main points of Reciprocal determinism and Self-efficacy. Reciprocal determinism is when our personality is shaped by interaction among cognitive factors, behavior, and environment. This can happen in three ways by: our friends influencing us, how we interpret and react to events, and situations to which we interact. I am totally deceptible of peer pressure and easily influenced, coming to a new school and new friends influenced a lot of my decisions. My new friends influenced my clothing choice to a more “preppy” expensive style. I started to listen to country music, care about makeup, and became a lot more girly due to my fashionable down-to-earth friends of mine. Also, our personalities shape how we interpret and react to events. Because I tend to very anxious, I help sometimes my situations with a lot of high stress because I get very stressed out quickly. Lastly, our personalities help create situations to which we interact, we often treat others on how they treat us by teaching them how to treat us. Because we usually learn how to treat other by how we’re acting, this should always be a common reminder for us to observe how we are behaving. While Self-efficacy is a person's
Behaviorism must be seen as a methodological proposal of explaining the behavior of organisms from the lowest to the highest. Explaining human and nonhuman behavior by reference to scientific laws and the theories expressed of physical states, events, and entities. Because modern psychology emerged roughly in the mid-19th century, information of behaviorism was gathered in its early stages by introspection (looking at your own inner states of being; your own desires, feelings, and intentions) then linking them to the outside observable state.
Behaviorism is a learning theory or a developmental theory that measures observable behaviors that are produced by the learner’s response to stimuli. On one end of the spectrum behaviorism is known as an attitude. At the other end, it is known as a doctrine. According to the behavioral views of human development, behaviorists argued that to focus attention on unobservable constructs, such as emotions, thoughts, or the unconscious, was an unscientific approach.(Craig & Dunn, Ex.: 2010)
A large part of human behavior is learned, and it is possible for the learned behavior to become unlearned. New behaviors can be learned throughout a person’s lifetime. This is what the behavioral model of personality is all about. Research for the Behavioral Model of Personality was mainly conducted on animals. This was because animals were easier to attain for research purposes than humans. The findings that came from animal research was later put to use with humans’ real life situations. The Behavioral Model of Personality helps determine how behavior is formed in the first place, how to correct bad behaviors, and how to integrate new behaviors in people that produce