The Historical Background of Prussia's Unique Military

The Historical Background of Prussia's Unique Military

Prussia was unique in that, more than in any other country, the army developed a life of its own, almost independent of the life of the state. The distinctive military history of Prussia was developed early on it its history from the origins of the Teutonic knights and brought to a level of perfection throughout the reigns of Frederick William the Great Elector, Frederick William I and Frederick II. These gifted strategists due to their individual history and the accomplishments of the previous generation achieved military innovations.

The Teutonic knights were the German order of knights who were sent by Pope Gregory IX in 1225 to convert the Prussians after the failure of their attempt to conquer the Holy land. At that point in time Prussians were a people related to Lithuanians and Latvians, who were among the last remaining pagans in Europe. The Poles were pleased by the presence of the Teutonic knights, especially the Duke of Mazovia, to whom the Prussians were not only heathens, but also a constant militaristic nuisance. In a long war the Teutonic knights finally conquered Prussia by 1285, killing some, converting some and creating a feudal state.

Two centuries later the order of knight succumbed to the growing power of Poland and Lithuania. Under the terms of the second Peace of Torun in 1466, the order cedes their territories west of the Vistula River to the Poles. In 1511 the knights elected Margrave Albert of Brandenburg from the Franconian line of the house of Hohenzollern as their grand master. In the time of the reformation, he introduced Lutheranism into his territory and dissolved the Teutonic Order. He headed Luth...

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...an males. The first soldier was the Hohenzollern ruler; the army was a creation of the dynasty and a symbol of its' strength. The dynasty may not have survived but the military innovations and concepts it achieved live on in modern armies as the legacy of the Prussian kingdom.

Bibliography:

Bibliography

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Feuchtwanger, E.J. " Prussia: Myth and Mystery." Chicago, Illinois, Henry Regnery Company, 1970.

Gooch, G.P. Frederick the Great; The Ruler, the Writer, the man. New York, New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 1947.

Marriot, Sir J.A.R. and Sir Charles Roberston. " The Evolution of Prussia." Oxford University Press, Amen House, London, 1965.

Simon, Edith. " The Making of Frederick the Great." Boston, Mass, Little Brown and Company, 1963.