The Great Recession is the worst economic downturn since the Great Depression. Many people who are ignorant of economics have the tendency to blame financial institutions for the recession. Economists and writers, such as Robert D. Putnam and David Colander have adopted their own hypothesis as to why the recession occurred and have offered their solutions on how the economy is able to recover. The decline of the American economy was caused by specific aspects, such as gentrification and unemployment.
The Great Recession of 2007-2009 was very harmful to the economy of the United states. Many people lost their jobs and were forced to work at lower wages, so the demand for consumer goods dropped. Homeowners were also hurt because the value of housing and real estate crashed. This decrease in wealth pushed back the retirement age for many people.
The Bureau of Labor Statistics characterizes a recession as a general slowdown in economic activity, a downturn in the business cycle, and a reduction in the amount of goods and services produced and sold. But what usually causes this slowdown to begin with? Each recession has its own specific causes, but all of them are usually preceded by a period of irrational exuberance which is part of the expansion phase of the business cycle. The most recent one, which officially lasted from December 2007 to June 2009, produced the greatest US labor-market meltdown since the Great Depression. This Great Recession began with the bursting of an 8 trillion dollar housing bubble. Irrational exuberance in the housing market led many people to buy houses they couldn’t afford because the thought was that housing prices could only go up. The bubble burst in 2006 as housing prices started to decline, threw many homeowners off guard, who had taken loans with little money down. When the realization set in that they would lose money by selling the house for less than their mortgage, they foreclosed. This triggered an enormous foreclosure rate which caused many banks and hedge funds to panic after realizing the looming huge losses due to the buying of mortgage-backed securities on the secondary market. By August 2007, banks were afraid to lend to one another because they did not want these toxic loans as collateral. This led to the $700 billion bailout, and bankruptcies or government nationalization of Bear Stearns, AIG, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, IndyMac Bank, and Washington Mutual. Consumer spending experienced sharp cutbacks due to the resulting loss of wealth. The combination of this along with the financial market chaos elicited by the bursting of th...
In recent years, the economy in the United States has been in what most would see as a recession. American people differ in the way they react to a recession. Some, such as Michael Moore, feel it becomes a downward spiral as big business and it’s stockholders gain more money and power, and it’s workers gain less money and stability.
According to the article on “Economic Recession” from Issues and Controversies, a panel of economists determined that the U.S. was in a recession from December 2007 to June 2009, making it the longest ...
Americans were willing to live beyond their means, and bankers were willing to finance the dream. The biggest problem with this easy money was the obvious lack of responsible financial regulation. “Stated income” allowed anyone to easily commit fraud for a home loan, and banks weren’t worried about the money they lent since the loan was ultimately backed by the government. Sub-prime borrowers were given the opportunity to get mortgages, and no money down allowed people to get a home loan without really having “skin in the game.” Second mortgages were only icing on the cake and people figured that as long as house prices kept rising, home equity could be used as an instant cash machine to live even further beyond their means. As long as the lenders were collecting high interest and the borrowers monthly payments were low, everyone was happy. Wall Street was making a fortune selling CDO’s and encouraged banks to make lending even easier, and the people signing their names to the loans were more than willing to live a superficially wealthy lifestyle in debt. Ironically, Wall Street was named after walls that were constructed to keep out wild pigs, but the walls of financial responsibility had been taken down so that everyone could come in to feed on the mortgage frenzy. AAA rated CDO’S were sold all around the world as “safe investments”, but they ultimately relied upon a select group of Americans being able to make their monthly mortgage payments. Predictably, people began defaulting on the home loans that most could never even afford to begin with, and many now owed more than their house was worth after taking out equity loans. Many have made the decision to abandon their homes entirely considering it a bad investment to continue ...
The market and housing collapse happened because banks were giving out over-generous loans that were only maturing and never reimbursing the banks back and inflating housing costs, this put pressure on the banks and weakened their stock, so everything began to slowly spiral downward. As the banks felt the pressure of all these old, they had to ra...
In December 2007, caused by the housing bubble, what is known as the Great Recession began (“The Great Recession”). Prior to this, people kept buying houses with high risk loans, because their mortgage-backed securities were technically making profits when the house values increased; however, when the house values started to decrease, those securities became worthless, thus people were not able to pay for the house—many people had their house confiscated. As a result of this wealth loss, consumer spending decreased sharply and many banks collapsed. The U.S. government tried to combat this issue, but many of the fiscal policies they had created were controversial because of their interference in the economy. One debate sparked on whether the government should spend its money to stimulate the economy by cutting taxes and creating jobs. While it is argued that the government should have not played excessive role in the economy, implementing the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act was clearly the better option because it prevented the worst-case scenario of economic failure—one like the Great Depression—that could have occurred otherwise without it.
The United States has been through many recessions in its history, but I have chosen to focus on the recession of 2001. This recession only lasted from the months of March through November of 2001, but many things happened to our economy during these eight months of hardships, including one of the most traumatizing events in the United States of America’s history. “A recession is a significant decline in activity spread across the economy, lasting more than a few months, visible in industrial production, employment, real income, and wholesale-retail trade. A recession begins just after the economy reaches a peak of activity and ends as the economy reaches its trough.” (NBER) Not only did the United States experience a recession, but it was also the year our country went under an attack brought onto the World Trade Center, and this shook our nation up even more than an average event might. March 2001 ended a ten year expansion, and led to an eight month downfall of our economy, also known as the 2001 recession.
In 2001, after the longest period of economic expansion the country has witnessed historically, the United States of America entered into its tenth recession since the end of World War II. A recession transpires when at least two quarters of a year are plagued by a sharp downturn of the country’s gross domestic product or GDP. More specifically, when a recession occurs, unemployment increases resulting in less consumer spending which is associated with poor business performances. Studies by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) concluded that during March of that year, a pinnacle in business occurrences declared the end of the expansion and the arrival of an inevitable and damaging though short recession. In a state of urgency, the president at the time, George Bush, encouraged Congress to ratify a stimulus package plan which would seek to improve the standing of the economy. The NBER theorized that the infamous act of terrorism which took place on September 11th placed an even greater strain on the already damaged financial system because it wreaked havoc on many markets and businesses such as the airline industry. Many times, a recession occurs due to economic disasters that are enough of an impact on society to disrupt expenditures of large-scale businesses and individual citizen households. Consequently, aggregate demand decreases along with employment. Factors such as international conflicts, technological fluctuations and the endeavors of monetary legislators all contribute to the overall American economic status.
After the great depression back in the 1930’s, America would think they would never run into an economic scare again, until 80 years later when the next big economic disaster would strike. The 2008 economic collapse would not only be triggered and felt by America, but the entire globe as well. You would think that the United States would have a fail-safe plan on defending off another economic crash, but they didn’t and had shown weakness. The 2008 economic collapse is usually refereed to as the global financial crises or the great recession. With the allegation of collapse from large financial institutions, and the bailout of banks by the government, began the second great depression. Many believe that we are still stuck in this recession and have not completed anything to get out of this situation that’s affecting our nation. I believe that the economic crash in 2008 was the finale building block towards a more structural society, political system, and government in the United States of America.
Since being founded, America became a capitalist society. Being a capitalist society obtains luxurious benefits and rather harsh consequences if gone bad. In a capitalist society people must buy products and spend money to keep the economy balanced, but once those people stop spending money, the economy goes off balance and the nation enters a recession. Once a recession drastically takes a downturn, the nation enters what is known as a depression. In 2008 America entered a recession and its consequences were severe enough for some people, such as President Barack Obama, to compare the recent crisis to the world’s darkest economic depression in history, the Great Depression. Although the Great Depression and the Great Recession of 2008 hold similarities and differences between the stock market and government spending, political issues, lifestyle changes, and wealth distribution, the Great Depression proved far more detrimental consequences than the Recession.
What caused the Great Recession that lasted from December 2007 to June 2009 in the United States? The United States a country with abundance of resources from jobs, education, money and power went from one day of economic balance to the next suffering major dimensions crisis. According to the Economic Policy Institute, it all began in 2007 from the credit crisis, which resulted in an 8 trillion dollar housing bubble (n.d.). This said by Economist analysts to attributed to the collapse in the United States. Even today, strong debates continue over major issues caused by the Great Recession in part over the accommodative federal monetary and fiscal policy (Economic Policy Institute, 2013). The Great Recession of 2007 – 2009 enlarges the longest financial crisis since the Great Depression of 1929 – 1932 that damaged the economy.
In economics, a recession occurs when there is a slowdown in the spending of goods and services in the market. A recession causes a drop in employment, GDP growth, investment, as well as societal well-being. All recessions are caused by a specific cause, but the Great Recession of 2007-2009 was caused by a crash in the housing market. This crash was triggered by a steep decline in housing prices. All of a sudden, people bought houses because there was an excessive amount of money in the economy and they thought the price of houses would only increase. (Amadeo, 2012). There was a financial frenzy as the growing desire for homes expanded. People held a lot of faith in the economy and began spending irrationally on houses that they couldn’t afford. This led to overvalued estate and unsustainable mortgage debt. (McConnell, Brue, Flynn, 2012).