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gender roles the great gatsby
females in 20th century literature
women in literature
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F Scott Fitgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, is centred upon 1920’s America. In the text, characters such as Myrtle Wilson, Jordan Baker and Daisy Buchanan are all carefully constructed to reveal various attitudes held by America in the early 20th century. Overall, the construction of female characters in The Great Gatsby showcases an accurate representation of women in the time period the text was composed in. Firstly, how the character Myrtle Wilson is constructed reveals new, sensuous attitudes females of the early 20th century were adopting. In the text, narrator Nick Carraway describes that Myrtle “carried her flesh sensuously as some women can” (page 28), therefore implying that Myrtle Wilson is very in touch with her sexuality and knows This idea is further reiterates Myrtle Wilson’s seductive nature in the text. Men are so fascinated by her that they are willing to be unfaithful to their spouses to be in her presence. However, it seems as if Fitzgerald does not foreground Myrtle’s behavior as positive. In the vicinity of the Valley of Ashes, where Myrtle resides, lay the tired eyes of Doctor T.J. Eckleberg, staring down at the society before him. When George Wilson exclaims that, “God sees everything” (page 152), it could be implied that he is talking about the eyes of T.J Eckleberg that are staring down, unsatisfied, at the corrupt American society. As a result of this, a reader could When Daisy exclaims to Nick that, “Tom as God knows where” (page 22) during her daughter’s birth and that she hopes that her daughter will “be a fool – that’s the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool” (page 22), it reveals the embodiment of an archetypal, subordinate role for women in the 1920’s. Daisy’s quote implies recognition of sexism and patriarchy, and an ensuring sense of herself surrendering to it. As Tom was not present during their daughter’s delivery, it is clear that Daisy realizes that he is having an affair. But rather than confront Tom about this, Daisy chooses to be submissive, not voice her opinion and hope that her daughter will be a fool. This suggests that Daisy is critically aware of the place that women hold in the particular historical context, where being oblivious and ignorant towards a spouse’s actions – being a “fool” – is better than having knowledge of their wrongdoings and feeling as if speaking up about it will not alter the situation. Although she appears superficial at times, the audience should not dismiss the potential wisdom of her character. Although Daisy is talking about her daughter, in many ways, this quotation is autobiographical about Daisy subsiding to cultural expectations regarding women and not confronting her husband about his adultery. However, it is
...aughter, her gestures, her assertions became more violently affected moment by moment and as she expanded the room grew smaller around her until she seemed to be revolving on a noisy, creaking pivot through the smoky air” (Fitzgerald 35). Myrtle represents the “need” of women to be known for having money and wealth so that she is much more popular. Myrtle wears the dress to disguise her current status and act as if she is a part of the rich, but in reality she is poor and naive, but the transformation of the dress changes her to rich and conceited.
At a cursory glance, Daisy may seem like the quintessential socialite, with a happy marriage and a life of luxury. With her wealthy lifestyle, Daisy has the independence to travel anywhere and whenever she wants, oftentimes without Tom, as seen when Nick invited her to “come for tea … and don't bring Tom” [88]. This small act of independent is offset by Tom’s eventual “perturbation at Daisy’s running around alone”[110]. In this scene, Tom’s grasp on Daisy’s life is tightened once more as if she was an expensive piece of jewelry, with the miniscule possibility of being stolen. However, on the other hand, much of Daisy’s wealth does come from Tom, giving a great deal of control to him in their relationship to the point where Tom does not hide the fact he has a mistress. “You mean to say you don’t know? … I thought everybody knew”[19]. With the way Jordan says this, one can infer that even Daisy knew and she basically had no say in the matter. Furthermore, when Tom’s mistress continues to call during tea and Jordan whispers, “The rumor is that that’s Tom’s girl on the telephone”, it shows the amount of control that Tom has over Daisy and Myrtle [122]. This part also shows the impact of societal norms, which had made it seem acceptable for Tom to have a mistress while if Daisy was having an affair it would be more looked down upon.
For the first time ever in America, during the 1920s, a shift in the gender norms occurred. The decade was marked by the breakdown of the traditions governing women by the ratification of the 19th amendment, causing the idea of the new woman to become widespread. Also, during this time, a fantastic novel, The Great Gatsby, recognizes the rapidly changing social dynamic. F. Scott Fitzgerald both criticizes and praises the struggle between the coexisting traditional and new woman image by the flawed and interesting female characters, and the relationships with others they have. By exposing a variety of taboo at the time, Fitzgerald accurately captures the disturbance of the traditional expectations of women. During this turbulent time, the novel demonstrates the issues circulating the American public has surrounding the shift in gender because The Great Gatsby deals with the consequences of female emancipation in a misogynistic society.
“I hope she’ll be a fool - that’s the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool” (Fitzgerald 20). This quote is as true now as it was when Daisy Buchanan said it about her daughter in The Great Gatsby. Women grow up in a box of expectations. They are told to act a certain way and do certain things. Daisy knew that this was the world that her daughter was going to be growing up in, and that if she grew up to be a fool then she would fit into the world very nicely. If she grew up and became someone who noticed inequality, or who wanted independence, she would struggle in the world. While woman are no longer put in such a black and white box, there are still many expectations and limitations that woman have to face in their
Myrtle’s ambition proves to be her fatal flaw in being the tragic hero. The goal of her ambition is to lead her to a higher social status. In pursuit of her ambition she expresses that her husband, George Wilson, serves as an obstacle since he is in the opposite direction of where she wishes to be. She expresses disgust in George for committing actions that are considered lowly by her standards. She was particularly unenthused with her husband after it is revealed that “he borrowed somebody’s best suit to get married” without telling her. (35) She expresses her marriage as regretful, which illustrates her ambition to strive for better, being Tom. Essentially it illustrates that she would rather be treated with little respect to achieve status, rather than to be treated with respect without status. Myrtle not only exudes her ambition through her pompous attitude, but also in the manner in which she carries herself. She is a young woman in her “middle thirties, and faintly stout, but (carries) her surplus flesh sensuously,” and although she is not attributed with beauty she is somewhat charismatic. (25) The way in which she carries herself may be considered sexual, and her persona is alluring for men such as Tom. Her seducing persona illustrates her ambition in being a temptress in order to move up the social ladder.
F. Scotts Fitzgerald uses his description of Myrtle to tell the reader of her social class and structure. During the novel the narrator states “She had changed her dress to a brown figured muslin which stretched tight over her rather large hips as Tom helped her to the platform in New York. At the newsstand she bought a copy of Town Tattle and a moving
During the 1920’s, the role women had under men was making a drastic change, and it is shown in The Great Gatsby by two of the main female characters: Daisy and Jordan. One was domesticated and immobile while the other was not. Both of them portray different and important characteristics of the normal woman growing up in the 1920’s. The image of the woman was changing along with morals. Females began to challenge the government and the society. Things like this upset people, especially the men. The men were upset because this showed that they were losing their long-term dominance over the female society.
Daisy and Tom’s relationship is an example of male dominance in a relationship as Tom is the undisputed power in both his relationships; his wife and his mistress. Daisy displays a glimpse of her inner-self as she expresses her ideas on sexism and gender roles; through the common idea of ‘ignorance is bliss.’ Nick is unaware of his demonstration of sexism towards Jordan when he generalizes women as being below him. While Nick does observe that the American Dream is becoming corrupted, he fails to notice the complete idea of the corruption of sexism on the American
In F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel The Great Gatsby, the character Myrtle is portrayed as someone who wishes to climb up the social ladder. Myrtle Wilson is married to George Wilson, a lowly mechanic that lives above his garage in the Valley of the Ashes. She is not wealthy or rich or high class, but Tom Buchanan, a sturdy, arrogant, unfaithful, wealthy man in his thirties, finds interest in her lively manner. She is bored with George and his way of life. She likes the risk, thrill and expensive living she can get from Tom, even though both lovers are married. Myrtle Wilson latches onto Tom Buchanan and his old money to climb up the social ladder, consequently she tries vigorously to pretend to be someone that she really is not.
Myrtle Wilson is a poor woman from the desolate area known as “The Valley of Ashes” located between New York City and West Egg. Myrtle is the opposite of Tom Buchanan, the man she is having an affair with. One day when Tom and Daisy have a get together with Daisy’s cousin, Nick Carraway, and her best friend, Jordan Baker, Tom goes into the other room to take a phone call. The person on the other end of the call in none other than his mistress, Myrtle Wilson. Jordan explains to Nick that Tom has a mistress, which confuses him. When he leaves Tom and Daisy’s house, he thinks to himself, “It seemed to me that the thing for Daisy to do was to rush out of the house, child [Pammy] in arms- but apparently there were no such intentions in her head”
When the leading female in the role, Daisy Buchanan, learns that the child she is giving birth to is a girl she says “I’m glad it’s a girl. And I hope she’ll be a fool . . . the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool” (Fitzgerald 21). This shows how Daisy has given up at this point in her life and realizes that women will never amount to anything and that they have no role in society other than becoming someone's wife and or mother. Daisy Buchanan is fully aware of the role that women play during this time. She, unlike most women, knows of her own marginalization and admits that females are powerless and unimportant as they are living in a male-dominated society. The author's presentation of women is essentially very unsympathetic and unflattering. Daisy is also a character who is struggling with being in love with a man other than her husband, but knows that she cannot go out and have an affair. A literary critic Lihua Zhang states how The Great Gatsby is a, “Disillusion of American Dream . . . the way of dealing with true love and lo...
Even though she is a more miniscule character in the book, Myrtle Wilson wears a mask. Myrtle is unhappy in her marriage with her husband, George. When her and George met, she had thought that he was a man with a lot of money. Once they got married, she soon realized he wasn’t a rich man at all after he borrowed “somebody’s best suit to get married in.” Despite the fact that he didn’t have much money, Myrtle just puts a fake smile on her face and stays with him while still having an affair with Daisy’s husband Tom.
Throughout the Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, Myrtle is a victim of her own desperation. This sense of despair stems from her marriage to George Wilson. As soon as she marries George she knows she made a mistake and she pays for that mistake every second of her life. This despair that originates from her marriage then translates into her cheating on her husband with a married man, Tom Buchanan and completely ignoring him. Due to her obvious desperation, Tom is able to boss her around on numerous occasions and makes her do what he wants because of her desperation.
Women have always fought to be treated as men, respected. During the women's suffrage women seeked for equality but before all of that started some women didn’t care how they were treated. F. Scott Fitzgerald made Myrtle from The Great Gatsby one of those women. She only wanted to be desired by a man . She wanted to find a man who would pull her out of the taintless Valley of Ashes and pull her into East Egg. Once she found her lover, Tom Buchanan, she was delighted since she was unhappy in her other marriage. She was dissatisfied because she felt as she was born into the wrong social class. She wanted to be apart of a social class that has parties every now and then to just admire the wealth of the person who is throwing it. The themes of
Why is the novel so intrigued by Myrtle Wilson’s “immediately perceptible vitality” (30), on the one hand, yet almost viciously cruel in its mockery of her upper class pretension on the other hand? (see for example, pp.29-35 where Nick contrasts Myrtle’s “intense vitality” with her and her sister Catherine’s laughable attempts to posture themselves as modern society women. Indeed, Nick twice remarks Catherine’s plucked and redrawn eyebrows as affronts to her “nature” (see p.34, and again at the very end on pp.171-172). What’s up with that?)