The Functions Of Asymnetography And The Function Of Cryptography

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

This chapter will discuss about the definition of cryptography and the function of cryptography itself in. Besides that, this chapter also explains the basic principle of information security which are confidentiality, integrity and authentication. These three principle are chosen because they have been in line with the system. Plus the information about the vaults and their function is also described in this chapter.

2.1 Cryptography

Cryptography is one of the part of computer science. It is a method to protect the originality of the data and information by providing the security to the data and information itself. Cryptography protect the data by transforming it in a particular form. Either it is hiding

The most widely used of asymmetric key algorithm is RSA:

a) RSA

In 1977, Rivest, Shamir and Adleman invented the well-known RSA Cryptosystem – the initials of their surnames in same order as their paper [6]. The RSA algorithm used prime factorization as their main method. The RSA algorithm are generated by using the following ways: Key Generation Process

a) Choose p and q which must be in prime number.

b) Calculate n = pq

c) Select key (e) randomly, but gcd ( e, 0(n)) =1 , calculate 0(n) = (p-1)(q-1)

d) Compute d = e^(-1) (mod 0 (n))

e) Public key is equal to (n,e)

f) Private key is equal to (p,q,d) Encryption

a) Input value M, 0<n

b) C = E (M, K_E) = M^e mod n Decryption

a) P = D (C, K_D) = C^d mod n = M

2.2.1.1.3 Discussion

Based on the explanation above, the most suitable algorithm that can be use is Advance Encryption System (AES). if we compared it with the Data Encryption System (DES), it provide more confidentality toward the data and information. plus the performance is much more better than DES. The longer the key length, the better the security. if we compared it with the RSA, the AES do not have any problem in the term of key management. it is also much more cheaper in the term of cost compared to the RSA. this why the AES has been choose as the

it also can be related to a method of authentication by using the biological data. biometric is something that every single people have. it is may involve a few types of schemes which is face, fingerprint, hand geometry, retina, iris, vein and voice. the biometric play an important role as a good method to protect the security of th data and information. the biometric itself are convinient authentication. it is quick and easy authntication compared to cards, tokens or password. it also offer a great deal for guarding against the stolen or lost identifiers[7]. In this project, the fingerprint has been chosen as a biometric that need to be implemented in the system.

2.2.3.2.1 Fingerprint

Fingerprint can be classified as the oldest and the most popular biometric marker among the biometric user. the fingerprint has been used as personel signature in the Asia as early as the third century B.C [8]. The fingerprint is using minutia; the friction ridge characteristics that are used to differentiate one person, as the main characteristic in verify the fingerprint. to examine the fingerprint itself, the examiners has state the three level of details in fingerprint:

a) Level 1, Galton Level; the pattern and general flow, classification, focus area and orientation.

b) Level 2; the coordination of X and Y in a fingerprint. it is also relate with the angle and the flow of the friction ridge.

c) Level