Even though most communities have so many opportunities that can be pursued, it always seems as if nobody can come to an agreement which leads things to stay at the status quo. For instance, virtually every town seems to have a story about a property or building left abandoned for years, or even decades, as politicians and residents argue what to do with the particular location. In Harlem however, there have been several locations where action was taken with buildings allowing them to be transformed again and again. Camilo José Vergara, an urban sociologist and historian, has been following the progress of certain buildings in Harlem over the course of 43 years and has used photography to show what has happened to them. Beginning in 1977, Vergara began taking photos of 65 East 125th Street, which at the time had been an ordinary address in a commercial area (“Unmaking of a Ghetto”, n.p., n.d.). However, as time went on, the property underwent a variety of changes. In 1978, the address had been known as the “The Purple Manor”; yet ten years later, the property would transform into an office and a Grocery Candy Smoke Shop. Then in 1996, while the Grocery Candy Smoke Shop remained, the office was now a sky-blue colored unisex boutique covered in graffiti. Here, one can see how the unisex boutique nearly became a dream deferred. The graffiti on the building looks old and ugly as if it has “crust…over like a syrupy sweet”. Furthermore, some of the graffiti on the building looks as if it spells the words “sars” and “beef” which could be tied back to Hughes’s poem. ‘S.A.R.S.’, or severe acute respiratory syndrome causes breathing to become difficult, leading breathing to become a “heavy load” to bear. ‘Beef’ could be associat...
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...lly open up as seen with 65 East 125th Street. However, even though Harlem had begun undergoing a process of gentrification, for every step forward time had gone for the previous fifty years, it seemed as if Harlem took two steps back. It was not until the recognition of Hughes’s poetry, including “I, Too” and “A Dream Deferred” that people began to take Hughes’s warnings and apply Hughes’s words into actions. When Hughes wrote about past events, it often led people to feel “…ashamed…” and “…see how beautiful” change can be. When Harlem began decreasing in quality after the Great Depression, it had been a great embarrassment. However, these declines in history are important for people to reflect on and ensure that they do not happen again. Rather than forgetting about the bad times, people must use them as points to work off of and go further than ever before.
Harlem soon became known as the “capital of black America” as the amount of blacks in this community was very substantial. Many of the inhabitants of this area were artists, entrepreneurs and black advocates with the urge to showcase their abilities and talents. The ...
Gilbert Osofsky’s Harlem: The Making of a Ghetto paints a grim picture of inevitability for the once-exclusive neighborhood of Harlem, New York. Ososfky’s timeframe is set in 1890-1930 and his study is split up into three parts. His analysis is convincing in explaining the social and economic reasons why Harlem became the slum that it is widely infamous for today, but he fails to highlight many of the positive aspects of the enduring neighborhood, and the lack of political analysis in the book is troubling.
The 1930’s were an interesting time for many African-Americans. Even though they had been freed from slavery decades ago, they still felt oppression. Langston Hughes does a fantastic job of describing this oppression in the poem “Ballad of the Landlord”. The author’s purpose for writing this poem is to show the problems that African-Americans dealt with in the 1930’s which is exemplified through the use of hyperbole, change of lines in stanzas, and repetition.
A three generation African American family of five living in a small, substandard apartment in the city of Chicago faced many obstacles in order to thrive. Blacks often felt that they could “be somebody” when they saw the growing shopping districts, parks and lake side beaches as well as theaters, ballrooms and fancy hotels (Mays). While great strides had been taken in ...
Although Langston Hughes’ “Why, You Reckon?” is a short story, it encapsulates differences between races and classes in American society. The story highlights the desperate and hopeless lives of poor African-Americans in Harlem, New York, who would do anything just so they can fill their stomachs. Hughes adds a contrast by putting in a white man who uses his money and privileges to try to experience the exuberance of Harlem but fails to do so. Written in 1934, during the peak of racial divide in America, Langston Hughes’ “Why, you reckon?” shows that real experiences, not money, contribute to happiness.
“Harlem” by Langston Hughes is a poem that talks about what happens when we postpones our dreams. The poem is made up of a series of similes and it ends with a metaphor. The objective of the poem is to get us to think about what happens to a dream that is put off, postponed; what happens when we create our very own shelve of dreams? The “dream” refers to a goal in life, not the dreams we have while sleeping, but our deepest desires. There are many ways to understand this poem; it varies from person to person. Some may see this poem as talking about just dreams in general. Others may see it as African-American’s dreams.
... a recurring theme of the dream of equality. Hughes composed many poems and plays during the Harlem Renaissance and the Civil Rights Era, and his legacy continues to be evident throughout American culture. His words inspired many, and showcased the plight of African-Americans in that era. Hughes’ impact was memorable because he lead African-Americans into writing, much like other distinguished African-American authors of the Harlem Renaissance period. His voice was heard above most other authors of the 1920’s and 30’s, and he expressed his wishes for improved treatment of the black race and the eradication of segregation in the United States with lyrical, thought-provoking poetry and symbolic dramas. Hughes inspired many writers and social activists after him, and continues to be a prominent figure in the general and literary achievements in African-American history.
The American Dream was derived from the United States Declaration of Independence which states that, “All mean are created equal” and that they are “endowed by their creator with certain inalienable Rights” including “Life, Liberty and the pursuit of happiness” (US 1776). This means that every person has equal opportunity
The four poems by Langston Hughes, “Negro,” “Harlem,” “The Negro Speaks of Rivers,” and “Theme for English B” are all powerful poems and moving poems! Taken all together they speak to the very founding of relations of whites and blacks all the way down through history. The speaker in the poem the, “Negro” and also, “The Negro Speaks of Rivers,” tells the tale of freedom and enslavement that his people have endured, and it heralds their wisdom and strength. The poems “Harlem” and “Theme for English B” speaks to the continuous unfair treatment that the blacks have received at the hands of white people throughout the years.
What happens to a dream deferred?Does it dry uplike a raisin in the sun?Or fester like a sore-And then run?Does it stink like rotten meat?Or crust and sugar over- like a syrupy sweet?Maybe it just sagslike a heavy load.Or does it explode?While Langhston Hughes authors this poem, A Dream Deferred, it can easily be interpreted as Toni Morrison's description of Nel and her life of sorrow and dissatisfaction. Sula and Nel, the protagonists in Toni Morrison's Sula, are each the only daughters of mothers whose distance leaves the young girls with dreams to erase this solitude and loneliness. There is no question that Sula alleviates this aloneness with a lascivious and experimental life, "I'm going down like one of those redwoods. I sure did live in this world"(143). Nel, however, for the most part, fails terribly at realizing her dreams and experiencing a happy existence.
The image of African-American’s changed from rural, uneducated “peasants” to urban, sophisticated, cosmopolites. Literature and poetry are abounded. Jazz music and the clubs where it was performed at became social “hotspots”. Harlem is the epitome of the “New Negro”. However, things weren’t as sunny as they appeared.
Hughes, Langston. "Harlem (A Dream Deferred)." Literature and the Writing Process. Elizabeth McMahan, Susan X. Day, and Robert Funk. 6th ed. Upper Saddle River. Prentice, 2002. 534.
For many years, African Americans were forced to live without a voice and many accepted the fact that they were seen as inferior to the white race. Although they were excluded from being a part of society, built up emotions constructed beautiful pieces of poetry that have become important aspects of today’s literature. Langston Hughes’, “ I Too, Sing America” and Claude Mckay’s, “The White House” will be looked at closely to determine how each poem portrays emotional discontent and conflicted emotional states.
Human nature is the concept of a set of characteristics that most humans have in common, including ways of thinking, feeling and acting. These inherent characteristics affect a person’s impulse and their decision making ability. When a person is presented with a problem, human nature takes over and resolves the problem at hand. When Jay Gatsby discovers the person that he loves, Daisy, is married to someone else, he tries everything to get her back. His attempt to achieve his dream, although unsuccessful, shows the true nature of people, and how they will do anything to be with the one that they love.
Harlem Renaissance poet Langston Hughes wrote the poem “Ballad of the Landlord” in 1940, a time of immense discrimination against people of African descent. The poem details an account of a tenant, later found out to be an African American, who is dissatisfied with his rental property. The tenant is politely asking the landlord to make the needed repairs on the realty, but instead the landlord demands to be paid. The tenant refuses to pay the rent, and the police are called after a threat is made towards the landlord. The police arrest the tenant; he is jailed for ninety days with no bail. Langston Hughes’s “Ballad of the Landlord” is a startling poem that underlines the discrimination African Americans had to cope with in the nineteen-forties by illustrating an account of an African American tenant’s troubles with a Caucasian landlord through the use of theme, dialect, tone and multiple speakers.