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State and explain the four requirements of a valid contract
State and explain the four requirements of a valid contract
The four requirements of a valid contract
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Introduction The paper is going to explain the five elements of a contract, why this contract is governed by common law, and also two circumstances in which this non-complete agreement would be unenforceable. Laws that govern a contract When it comes to a contract laws they will be governed by the common law or the Uniform Commercial Code. With that said when a person receives a contract they must know what type of law it will fall under. If the contract has to do with the sale of goods, then it would be placed under the Uniform Commercial Code, and if the contract has to do with anything other than the sale of the goods then it would go under the common law (Seaquist, 2012). When it comes to a contract there are different bodies that apply to different parts of a contract. When it comes to warranties, this will fall under the Uniform Commercial code. When you hire an employee this will fall under the principles of the …show more content…
In order for the promises to be enforced they must meet certain criteria’s. The five criteria’s are: the offer, the acceptance, the consideration, the capacity, and the legality (Seaquist, 2012). The offer is in the beginning of the contract process. The person writing the contract must give the contract to the other person. When the proposal is giving to the other person, that person has the right to accept it or to reject it. If that person rejects the proposal then the offer does not stand. Then comes the acceptance (Safrath, 1999). The acceptance can be done in different forms. It can be done by phone, in person, or written. The acceptance must be clear that the person accepting the proposal agrees to the buyer’s terms. There is also something called the mailbox rule. Most states will abide by this, this means that when someone accepts an offer they put it in the mailbox or in an email, showing that they accept the proposal (Safrath,
Common law dictates that the acceptance must be a mirror image of the offer, regardless of what the difference may be. The Pride v Lewis case is an example of the mirror image rule in action. Pride owned a house which they listed for sale but found a renter in the meantime. Lewis made an offer on the house with a closing date of May 15th, and the Prides accepted but changed the closing date to June 1st and proceeded to evict their tenant and take the house off the market. When the Lewises never showed up to closing, the Prides relisted the house but were never able to find another tenant and ended up selling the house for $15,000 less than the Lewis’s had offered. The Prides sued the Lewises for breach of contract but lost due to the mirror image rule. The different closing date in the acceptance effectively rejected the Lewises offer and no contract was formed. The UCC is not as stringent on the acceptance, it utilizes a “battle of forms” as dictated in section 2-207 which checks for a substantive difference between the offer and the acceptance, such as price, goods ordered, delivery date, and other similar matters. It could also allow a term from the acceptance to be considered a valid part of the contract unless the offer expressly limited acceptance, the new terms would substantively alter the offer with differences such as price, or the offeror objects to the new terms within a reasonable time
The four elements of a contract are the agreement, the consideration, contractual capacity, and a legal object. The oral agreement between Sam and the chain store satisfies the agreement element of a contract definition because when the chain store offered to sell Sam 's invention at their stores, Sam accepted by agreeing to ship 1000 units in exchange. The second element of a contract, the “consideration of each party,” is satisfied because Sam and the chain store have something to give the other (1000 units of the invention in exchange for the exclusive sales of the product at their stores). The third element is “contractual capacity,” which may or may not be fulfilled since we do not know Sam 's age or whether
-Court must be convinced that failure to comply with an agreement will lead to one of the parties to suffer prejudice. Court will protect innocent party, will provide remedy
If the acceptance doesn't “mirror” the offer, we don't have a contract. Under the UCC, a different set of rules apply. First and foremost, we have to ask if other parties merchants are not. In any case when both parties are non-merchants, then any additional or contradictory terms are to be construed as proposals. They don't become part of the contract unless the other party specifically accept those terms. This rule applies to sales between a merchant and a non-merchant or two non-merchants. In any case when both parties are merchants, the UCC tells us that additional terms in acceptance between merchants become part of the sale contract; unless the offer saysaless the offeree can't add terms, or if the additional terms materially change the contract, or finally if the offeror opposes to the additional terms within a reasonable time
When determining if the contracts with inquiries from several large businesses will be governed by common law or the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) in this case we must understand some important aspects of these contracts. In the United States, there are two primary sources of law that govern our contracts: the common law and the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC). Common law governs contracts for real estate, services, insurance, intangible assets, and employment. The elements of common law contracts are the following: Offer: An invitation for another to enter into a contract, Acceptance: Acquiescence to enter into a contract under the terms of the offer and Consideration: Anything of legal value that is asked for and received as the price for entering
Contract law controls most agreements between parties, whether oral or written, that involve goods, services, money, employment contracts and real estate deals. In order for a contract to be valid, there must be a few elements that are satisfied. There must be a negotiation, an agreement which consists of an offer and acceptance of the offer, consideration, capacity, and legality. The sources of law that governs contracts today consist of two bodies of law, Article 2 of the Uniform Commercial Code, also known as the UCC, and the common law of contracts. Determining what body of law applies to a contract dispute is an important first step in analyzing that problem. The Uniform Commercial Code, or UCC, is a statutory law that was adopted in every
In order to discuss and analyse the above statement, in depth reference will be made to various documents which can in some circumstances relate to contracts of employment and whether those particular documents which are not contractual can be incorporated into a contract, creating legal enforceability for employers and employees. Firstly it must be established what exactly is a contract of employment.
As mentioned earlier, there are certain requirements which must be met for a contract to be valid; requirements needed include agreement, consideration, contractual capacity and legality. For an agreement to be valid there must be an offer and acceptance present. In other words, there must be an intent known and understood for the contact to have an agreement. With that being said, there is no
HILLIARD, J. And O’SULLIVAN, J. (2012) The Law of Contract [Online] 5th Ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available from - http://books.google.co.uk/ [Accessed: 2nd January 2014]
The English contract Offer and Acceptance General principles There are three basic essentials to the creation of a contract which will be recognised and enforced by the courts. These are: contractual intention, agreement and consideration. The Definition of an Offer. This is an expression of willingness to contract made with the intention (actual or apparent) that it shall become binding on the offeror as soon as the person to whom it is addressed accepts it. An offer can be made to one person or a group of persons, or to the world at large.
Formalities – if formalities are prescribed for the formation of the contract , they must be observed.
Based on common law and precedent, the English law of contract has been formulated and developed over a number of years with it’s primary purpose to provide a regulated framework within which individuals can contract freely. In order to ensure a contract is enforceable there are certain elements which must be satisfied, one of which is the doctrine of consideration. Lord Denning famously professed; “the doctrine of consideration is too firmly fixed to be overthrown by a side wind” . This is a crucial indication that consideration has long been regarded as the cardinal ‘badge of enforceability’ in the formulation and variation of contracts in English common law.
A contract is an agreement between two parties in which one party agrees to perform some actions in return of some consideration. These promises are legally binding. The contract can be for exchange of goods, services, property and so on. A contract can be oral as well as written and also it can be part oral and part written but it is useful to have written contract otherwise issues can be created in future. But both the written as well as oral contract is legally enforceable. Also if there is a breach of contract, there are certain remedies for that which are discussed later in the assignment. There are certain elements which need to be present in a contract. These elements are discussed in the detail in the assignment. (Clarke,
Agreement is a mutual understanding of two parties and willing to accept terms and conditions in order to form a legal contract (Penthony et al.2014). Agreement consists of two components; offer and acceptance. Offer is made by an offeror in an exchange for performance from another party on certain terms while acceptance is the action of accepting to the terms of the offer. An offer must follow the requirement in order to form
Each clause in the contract will address a specific component related to the overall subject matter of the agreement. The role is to clearly define the duties, rights and privileges that each party has under the contract terms and conditions. Two examples of clauses are Time of Performance Clause and Arbitration Clause. Time of Performance Clauses designate time frames when contract duties have to be met. This contract relies on an action being performed within a specific period of time When time is of a factor and limited, a breach of contract can’t occur if the duties are not performed within a reasonable amount of time. This is only applicable if this clause is stated in the contract. An Arbitration Clause simply states that in case any legal differences or disputes between parties do happen, they must be resolved through arbitration in place of