Chapter 1 - Introduction
1.1 Introduction
This study involves the design and fabrication of a prototype of the automated ginger powdering machine.
This chapter contains the background of the study, problem statement, significance of the study, objectives, scope and limitations and the conceptual framework. Section 1.2 provides a brief background of ginger. Section 1.3 states the main problem to be tackled by the group. Section 1.4 presents the importance and the impact of this study. Section 1.5 and 1.6 list all the goals to be accomplished by the group. Section 1.7 outlines the scope and limitations of the study. Section 1.8 shows the entire process of the machine.
1.2 Background of the Study
The Philippines is one of the largest producers of ginger around the world. As of 2012, the country ranked 12th in the global production of ginger with over 27,000 metric tonnes of ginger produced. India, on the other hand, is the world’s leading producer of ginger with over 700,000 metric tonnes of ginger produced which covers about 35% of the global production. China is second followed by Nepal, Nigeria and Thailand. [1]
The soil and climate requirements of ginger make it easy to cultivate the plants in the Philippines. The Philippines saw a steady growth in annual production and yield in a study made over the years 2003 to 2008. Total annual production increased by 21.76% from 22616 metric tonnes in 2003 to 27631 metric tonnes in 2012. Total annual yield also increased by 11.98%, from 6.26 metric tonnes in 2003 to 7.01 metric tonnes in 2008. [2]
In 2008, the total production of ginger in the Philippines is 27,538 tonnes, with the largest producers being Cagayan Valley (5,574 metric tonnes), CALABARZON (4,707 metric tonnes) and Northern...
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• Packaging of the ginger powder will not be included in the machine. The powder produced will be stored in a dispenser.
1.8 Conceptual Framework
Peeled and washed ginger will be loaded into the machine manually. The whole ginger will pass through a series of blades that will grate/slice it until it becomes small pieces. The pieces will then be transferred automatically to the dryer where the drying process will take place. Hot air will be used to dry the pieces to with 8-10% moisture content. After the drying process, the dried pieces will then be moved to the automatic pulverizer where they will be crushed into powdered form with uniform sizes. After the process, the powder will be transferred to the dispenser where they will be stored. A human-machine interface will accept weight input from a user and dispenses the amount of powder according to the input.
A: According to the observations in the table above, I have concluded that icing sugar is the mystery powder. From the very beginning of the experiment it was narrowed down to two substances, icing sugar and cornstarch. It was concluded to be those two because the physical appearance and the texture only matched with icing sugar and cornstarch. The two main factors of finding the mystery powder was the reaction with water and vinegar.
Even though bananas may simply look like a fruit, they signify a wide variety of environmental, economic, social, and political problems. The banana trade injustices in the global trade market, symbolizes economic imperialism, and the worldwide spread of the agricultural economy. Bananas are also number four on the list of staple crops in the world and one of the major profit makers in supermarkets, making them vital for economic and global food security. Being one of the many first tropical fruits to be exported, bananas were a cheap way to bring “the tropics” to North America and Europe. Bananas have become such a widespread, inexpensive grocery item that we often forget where they come from and how they got here.
Sinaloa Mexico is known as the home of the world’s largest and most powerful drug cartel. Sinaloa is also the largest producer and exporter of tomatoes to the United States and Canada. “Half of all Mexican fruit and vegetable exports come from the state of Sinaloa, located in northwestern Mexico. Sinaloa mainly exports in the winter season, primarily vegetables, and fresh market tomatoes are the number one export crop” (Cook). In 2012, “Sinaloa exported 950,000 tons of vegetables, mostly tomatoes and mostly to California and other parts of the United States, worth nearly $1 billion. Half the tomatoes eaten in the United States” during winter months “are from Sinaloa” (Wilkinson).
Watching a skilled ceramics artist shape a creation on the wheel is a thrilling experience. Under her or his hands, a spinning blob of mud grows into a work of art. It's not unusual, after witnessing such a display of virtuosity, for the audience to realize that the ware on their own kitchen shelves pales by comparison. So it's logical to ask: Is every thrown piece made the same way? By hand? Even the cheap stuff at home? Of course the answer is: No. Production ceramic ware comes from highly automated assembly lines.
Over 1.5 billion pumpkins are produced each year, with the majority being grown in Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and California!
1. Assembled the test tube rack with 4 test tubes. Placed 7.0mL of potato solution in each test tube. Gathered 4 of each 300mL beakers filled about half filled with tap water for the water baths.
Materials used in the experiment included 5-7 g of the potato tissue, 50ml of 2.0M phosphate buffer coffee filter and guaiacol dye.
33 "Growers are Most Often People of Vietnamese Descent." The Record 13 April 2002: H2.
During bumper harvest it was usual to seek help from neighbours who will assist to store and preserve food. As a young boy, I enjoyed taking part in preparing and storing a variety of sun dried vegetables and coconut flakes. Sun dried cassava was used to make cassava bread, sun dried ginger was used to make ginger wine which was sweetened with locally produced honey.
Strengths- Cavendish bananas, which accounts for 45 percent of the fruit's global crop—and the one most Americans find in their supermarkets.
When the Europeans arrived, it was further known to have been grown from Southern Mexico to Bolivia in the Latin America. Only during the 19th century, it spread widely throughout the tropical world. Currently, it is cultivated in tropical and subtropical zones, between latitudes 30⁰ North and 15⁰ South. The main areas of distribution of the crop include the Caribbean (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, West Indies), Central and South America; USA (Florida, Hawaii), West Africa (Cameroon, Ghana, Nigeria, Togo), and tropical Asia ( Indonesia, Malaysia, the South Pacific Islands) (Perez, 2010).
Researchers then hypothesized that the results would indicate the greatest amount of potato enzyme activity level will take place at room temperature. In this experiment, researchers used potato extract and different temperature levels to test the hypothesis. Moreover, researchers wanted to test the color intensity scale and how specific catechol oxidase is for catechol. In this experiment, researchers used dH2O, catechol solution, hydroquinone, and potato extract. Lastly, researchers tested the substrate concentration and how it has an effect on enzyme activity.
This experiment was developed by trying to make gardening more interesting by growing cucumbers faster with different items that can help other plant. By figuring out how to grow
Making this product will include using science apparatus such as dropper pipet and beakers. Making the skin model, one will need to be very accurate when it comes to measuring. Exothermic reactions will be included in the procedure e. g when the Jell-O is refrigerated, the little bit of heat that it has will be absorbed by the refrigerator’s cool air. Endothermic reactions will be included e. g when water is boiled. The water will take in the heat from the kettle and the state of it will change from cold to hot.
In conclusion, the world population is expected to grow by 100 million every year. Above ninety five percent of this population growth will come from the developing countries. This would put pressure on available resources for survival especially food in this regions. Potato production and consumption has increased in developing countries more than any other crop in the last fifty years. It is one of the most vital commodities in the world. It is grown commercially in 130 countries and about 320 million tons produced annually. It has since become a staple food for more than one billion of the world population. Potato will most likely play an increasing role in the world’s future food supply.