The Evolution of Skin Tanning
One of Catherine’s insatiable obsessions in Ernest Hemingway’s The Garden of Eden is to darken her skin color. She accomplishes this by sun tanning at every opportunity possible, and naturally, her skin turns many shades darker. Catherine’s skin tanning fixation at the time the story takes place coincides with the premiere of skin tanning as a stylish and chic fashionable pursuit.
Traditionally, tanned skin was undesirable to the public. Prior to the industrial revolution, most manual labor was done outside under the sun where such constant exposure resulted in darker skin. Consequently, because manual labor was a staple of the lower classes, tanned skinned also became associated with the destitute and unprosperous (BBC). Not only was dark skin undesirable, but people craved for pale skin. The relaxed elite wanted to show that they stayed indoors because of the needlessness to be outside in the sun doing any type of work of their own. Thus, pale skin became linked with the wealthy and high class (The Tanning Taboo). This lead to practices by the elite such as covering most of their body when they went swimming and carrying around parasols to shade themselves from the sun (Sun and Clouds). The desire for paleness dates all the way back to the ancient Greeks and Romans, who would use lead paints and chalk to make their faces white and colorless as possible (Tanning). In 18th century France and Elizabethan England, royalty would go to such lengths as powdering their faces with toxins to get a pale hue on their faces (The Tanning Taboo). Until the 20th century, nobody desired bronzed skin in Europe or America.
A few events lead to the change in the public’s feelings toward tanned ski...
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...f Tanning” California Tan Heliotherapy. 14 November 2002.
http://www.californiatan.com/tanbasic/history_of_tan.ehtm
- A website about tanning history from the 1920s to present.
Rutherford, Kim. “The Tanning Taboo” September 2001. The Nemours Foundation. 14 November 2002. <http://kidshealth.org/teen/safety/safebasics/tanning.html>
- The Nemours Foundation’s site aimed at informing kids about sun safety.
“Sun and Clouds - The Sun in History” The Chemical Heritage Foundation. 14 November 2002. http://www.chemheritage.org/EducationalServices/pharm/chemo/readings/tsih.htm>
- The Chemical Heritage Foundation’s site about the human/sun relationship.
“Tanning” Cool Nurse. 14 November 2002. < http://www.coolnurse.com/tanning.htm>
‑ The Cool Nurse website about safe tanning that also reveals the development of the tan.
Anthropologists and geographers have studied and overtime come to the conclusion that distribution of skin color is not random. Darker skin color has been found to typically come from near the equator and lighter skin colors are typically coming from closer to the north and south poles. Over the years, researchers have found that darker skin colors has protected the skin from having skin cancer. Recent studies have shown that “skin color is the product of natural selection acting to regulate the effects of the sun’s ultraviolet radiation on key nutrients crucial to the reproductive success” (169).
When people hear African history their initial thoughts are slavery and segregation, yet there is more to African history than those two events. The reason why many people would only know the American portion of African history is because that is what is predominately taught in most schools. In the movie Hidden Colors 2: The Triumph of Melanin, it goes deeper into the cultural beginning of the African history. As mentioned in the film “90% of African history makes up everything”. Hidden Colors 2 is an exceptional and informative documentary that extends to telling the hidden truths behind the suppression of the black culture.
Catherine is a dynamic character who is also the protagonist of the work. Catherine is a brunette with gray eyes and sun spots on her face. “My eyes are still gray…and my hair brown…The sunspots are still there, dotting
middle of paper ... ... The Web. 22 Feb. 2014. http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history>.
Thompson, Teri, and et al. American Icon: The Fall of Roger Clemens and the Rise of Steroids in America's Pastime. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2009. Print.
Hellmich, Nanci, “Report maps out solutions to child obesity.” USA Today n.d.: MAS ULTRA-School Edition. Web. 6 May 2012.
"Everyone should be aware that what happened to me could very possibly happen to anyone," said Rice. "The risks that come along with tanning are not far from a reality, even if they sneak up on people ten or twenty years down the road." Rice understands that tanning provides an ultimate self-esteem boost.
The central idea of this article is to show the two sides of the prompt ¨should Juveniles be tried as adults?¨ This article uses a lot of stories to help back herself up in her answer. The authority with the author/creator is trustworthy because, Jessica Reaves works for a trustworthy place ¨Time¨ The difficult part of trusting the accuracy of the article is, it was published in 2001 which could have a lot of changes in roughly 15 or 16 years. The article uses examples of juvenile violence to prove the point that kids are treated differently from adults. Readers can use this article to prove that kids are incapable of understanding the consequences of their action.
The French 1884 oil on canvas painting The Song of the Lark by Jules-Adolphe Breton draws grasps a viewer’s attention. It draws an observer in by its intense but subtle subject matter and by the luminous sun in the background. Without the incandescent sun and the thoughtful look of the young woman, it would just be a bland earth-toned farm landscape. However, Breton understood what to add to his painting in order to give it drama that would instantly grab an onlooker’s interest.
During the 17th century the self-appointed superior white explorers had seen a profitable opportunity to show off their superiority by ripping away young Africans from their families and selling them into slavery solely based on their inferior seeming dark skin tone. Unjustly, based on no evidence at all, Africans such as Equiano were seen as uncivilized, barbaric, and un-human by the wealthy Europeans. Equiano in his narrative is persuading his readers to remove any injustice and discrimination against Africans that is based solely on skin color. Just because the Africans were simply unaware of European society and un aware of other cultures. The Europeans should remember that their own ancestors were once "uncivilized, and even barbarous."(insert citation). It is a common misconception that white skin tone is seen as superior, but that is far from true, the changes of our skin tone is a product of our surroundings, from Darwin’s evolutionary ideologies we can draw the conclusion that if ones ancestors trace back to hot tropical climates, their skin will be a darker tone in order to absorb more of the suns pressure that is put on ...
Baseball as time has progressed, has continued to evolve from training regiments to different bats and baseballs. Steroids have been introduced into the game and has been a major topic of controversy in the 2000’s. Steroids have been proven to help improve athletic performance. This is important there has been a major number of players in baseball and other professional sports who have actively abused steroids. The prominence of steroids has left it’s a black mark because athletes now are questioned if their stats are improved or if they grow a little bigger during the off season. This leads to insecurity in the game. Despite of the efforts and implementation of anti-doping policies, the number of players who use steroids will not change but
The color of your skin used to depend on where you live. (Before transportation became so easy.) Darker skinned people would live where it is hotter, and the sun shines more. Lighter skinned people would live in cooler, less sunny areas. This is because the darker pigments in your skin would keep you from burning.
Obesity In Children And Teens." Obesity In Children And Teens. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Jan.
This meant that over time, humans lost most of their hair on their bodies, leaving their skin exposed. Sweat glands were going to help the body cool down, but they couldn’t protect the skin from harmful UV rays. This is where melanin works its magic, and it’s the reason for the diversity in skin color today. Melanin helps reduce the absorption of wavelengths into the skin (Chaplin, Jablonski, 59).... ...
According to the 1999-2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination survey says that, 16 percent of children around the ages of 6-19 years old are at risk of being obese. Obesity has increased in the last twenty years now. Obesity is like other disease, it impairs the normal body functioning. Children who are overweight have excess fat tissue that caus...