The Downside to Land Use and Urban Development
Excessive land use and urban development are a problem, because it causes pollution and it robs animals of their homes. When man extends his boundaries into nature, nature has no choice but to go somewhere else. Expansion and population are the cause of this environmental problem. I propose to set a standard for land development for every city. In that I also propose that each city should impose a set number of persons to live in that city. Each city must impose stricter guidelines for waste management. Finally I propose that the city set limits for development, and expansion.
Land development causes danger to the environment by polluting the air and disrupting geological and animal status. Air pollution is a big problem with urban life. Large cities have the characteristic of having polluted skies. The Environmental Protection Agency passed an act, through legislation, called the Clean Air Act. The CAA set standards for all cities (Environmental Politics and Policies, 195). Some of these cities that do not meet such standards include Los Angels, New York, Chicago, Milwaukee, Baltimore, and Houston. These limits are called National Ambient Air Quality Standards (189). The NAAQS sets a limit on the amount of Carbon Dioxide, Hydrocarbons, Air born Particulates, nitrogenoxides, lead, and sulfur oxides, and Ozone in the cities air. Such standards apply for 7 (192). The definition for Ozone: A strong oxidizing agent with disinfecting properties similar to chlorine; also used in odor control and sludge processing (Environmental Engineering, 219). Ozone is present in the high atmosphere, but at lower levels can be one of the most harmful gases on Earth (Our Poison...
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...constantly influenced by their social ruling. We don’t have except this way of living, there needs to be a change. We need to prepare for the future, and save what we still have. We have to, before it’s all gone.
Works Cited
1.) Beyond the numbers; Edited by Laurie Ann Mazur
Published by Island Press, Washington DC; 1994
2.) Environmental Politics and Policy; Written by Walter A. Rosenbaum
Published by Congressional Quarterly; 1998
3.) Our poisoned Sky; Written by Edward F. Dolan
Published by Cobblehill books; 1991
4.) Endangered Environments; Written by James Colgney
Published by Apple Tree Inc.; 1994
5.) Dennis Plunkett (American Reality, Phoenix Az)
Interviewed: 11-14-98
6.)U.S. Census Bureau (WWW.census.gov/main/www/popclock.html)
7.)Q and A’s About Land Fills (WWW.awma.org/awma/educate/outreach/landfill.html)
To begin with, one can observe that the British colonizers did indeed improve Indian civilization by developing means of communication and transport. They built a great number of bridges, over 40,000 miles of railway and paving an astounding 70,000 miles of road (Doc. 4). They established schools,newspapers and telegraphs for the people of the colonies.All blessings of civilization they could not create for themselves (Doc. 1). Furthermore, the British brought 30 million acres under cultivation with large scale irrigation works, began industrialization, improved sanitation and provided an overall higher standard of living (Doc. 4). With many new establishments and institutions to staff, job opportunities opened up left and right for Indian workers.Their contributions to Indian civilization made famine all but disappear throughout India. Without the British, it’s quite possible India could not achi...
...he raise of impoverishment and the persecution of Indian citizens. Undeterred by these effects, British imperialism went on to tremendously increase the development of communication, transportation, agriculture and industry in India, effectively creating more wealth for the colony as a whole. India’s civilization was developed further as well by ridding of inhuman practices such as infanticide and slavery, efficaciously bringing India to be much more modern and civilized. A document that would have further guided me in my research would be a journal or diary from an Indian that is neutral on British rule. Overall, without British imperialism, India would not have developed as quickly in terms of modernization and civilization. The actions Britain took in ruling India were necessary for India to be in the top economies of the world with the second largest population.
Previous research has come up with results that support the idea that violence effects the player, but studies such as the one conducted by Anderson and Ford (1997) can only support this on a short term basis. In these experiments players’ were exposed to one of three different game types, highly aggressive, mildly aggressive or a control game. After the game, hostility, anxiety and depression were measured using a checklist. The experiment found that hostility was increased in both game condition groups compared to the control, although the high aggression led to significantly more anxiety. This shows that playing aggressive video games can have short-term negative effects on the players and they emotional states. It also supports the idea that more aggressive games create more hostility and aggression in the players.
Who hasn’t seen the critical examples of overpopulation that are always depicted with large cities, tall buildings and many people? It is a common thought that cities are the cause of air pollution and are in no way thought of to be sustainable or as having a smaller footprint than those residing in rural zones. Yet, this chapter shows that the criticisms have no bearing when it comes to cities and rather, cities are better in terms of stronger economies, those who live in cities have smaller families, and the more the city is developed the lower the level of poverty (unlike rural areas which shows to have a higher level of poverty). The misconception that cities are actually overusing resources and contributing to environmental degradation is not the case. The chapter cites that this is not so, it is rather “industries and commercial and industrial enterprises (or corporations) and middle and upper income groups with high consumption lifestyles.” (56) These wealthier people who want to live more luxuriously, often live on acres of land with multiple cars, thus do not often reside in the city. The chapter continues to list the positive roles of cities, for example, “lower costs per household and per enterprise for the provision of piped, treated water supplies…collection and disposal of human wastes.” (56) Another positive is the efficient use from recycled waste, also a smaller demand for land relative to the population in cities. The fourth advantage is listed as more efficient heating techniques, and fifthly, a greater use of public transportation. The rich culture found in cities is also cited in the chapter. It concludes with the need for “good governance,” whereby the goals are met and cost is not past onto others, without it the cities are left to be sources of pollution, sickness, and waste
In “The Effects of violent video games, do they affect our behavior?” Brad J. Bushman argues that violent video games have had “hundreds of additional studies have shown a link between violent media exposure and aggression.”(Bushman 1) Bushman points out why are video games more harmful than violent TV programs, how are video games good for you, and why do people deny harmful effects of violent video games. He gives a good reason on why video games are harmful that violent TV. He states that players are likely to relate themselves with the character, the player also perceives the same visual as the character, and also that the player gets rewarded after a violent scene such as killing. Bushman also states how some people claim that violent
While one may visualize air pollution as huge fumes of smoke arising from a chimney and tainting the air of a city, this kind of image is not reflective of how Kansas City appears. However, air pollution is still an issue to consider as it can arise if residents do not act to prevent pollutants into our breathing environment. One of the most prevalent air pollution issues in Kansas City regards the ground level ozone levels. One should note that there are two types of ozone that make up the atmosphere: the ozone layer at a high altitude above the Earth and the ground-level ozone. The first type that is above Earth protects us from ultraviolet radiation from the sun, but the second type is commonly known as ozone pollution or smog (Mid-America Regional Council). Thus, ground-level ozone is a concern when present in at high levels in environments. Before diving in, one should be familiar with how high ground level ozone levels can be harmful. According to Dahl, an adjunct professor affiliated with the department of biological sciences at the University of Notre Dame, clarifies that “ozone is a common urban pollutant that has been linked to
Pollutants are contaminants that enter and affect the natural environment which can cause negative changes. There are two main types of pollution, air and water, which occur from different sources and have different effects. Air pollution is the main cause of “dirty air” in the United States. Suburban areas suffer from outdoor air pollutants as well as indoor air pollutants. Indoor air pollutants are caused by the burning of coal and wood, which are used for heating. Outdoor air pollutants are caused by chimneys, in which smoke is released into the air, and crop fertilizers, which are generally used in rural areas. The impact air pollution has on humans are large cases of health defects in rural areas: such as cancer, tuberculosis, heart diseases, and low birth weights. J.P Majra, author of “Air Quality In Rural Areas” states that, “This leads various health problems, mainly affecting the respiratory and cardiovascular system...” (Majra, 2). This shows that if the United States alone uses this much fertilizer, in which affects our health, imagine how much the world will be affected. Kirk Smith, professor of environmental health sciences at UC Berkeley’s School of Public Health states that ”nearly 10% of all lost-life years worldwide” has been due to air pollution (COEH
Many constructors tend to want to build higher-class housing from which they can make good profits rather than construct essential housing for working class families. As a result, this becomes problematic in that housing will fall on the governments which already face great financial problem with the overall development of their countries. Nonetheless, many underdeveloped countries strains are imposed by the lower standards of health and hygiene and by the need to provide additional educational facilities for rapidly growing populations. Problems of providing social services such as water, sanitation, and sewage disposal are aggravated by poverty of migrants in the cities such as Lagos, Rio de Janeiro, Vienna, New York, Mumbai or Johannesburg,
Urbanization as a Social Problem How is urbanization negatively impacting our society? The answer to this question is not a simple one. This essay will not only break down the problems of urbanization in the United States, but it will also tell you some of the attempts made to fix the problem and give some solutions as to how it could possibly be solved in the future. Also, when answering this question one must understand that urbanization, can not be stopped, but only contained in a manner that will help the United States to function better as a country. The more densely populated and more heterogeneous a community is, the more accentuated characteristics can be associated with urbanism.
The Negative Effects of Urbanization on People and their Environment As our world becomes increasingly globalized, numerous people travel to urban areas in search of economic prosperity. As a consequence of this, cities in periphery countries expand at rates of 4 to 7 percent annually. Many cities offer entrepreneurs the potential for resources, labor, and resources. With prosperity, cities also allow the freedom of a diversity of ways of life and manners (Knox & Marston, 2012). However, in the quest to be prosperous, increasing burdens are placed on our health and the condition of our environment.
Schwartz, Kelly D. "Chronic Violent Video Game Exposure And Desensitization To Violence Behavioral And Event-Related Brain Potential Data." Journal Of Youth Ministry 5.2 (2007): 95-98. Academic Search Premier. Web. 18 Mar. 2014.
Willoughby, T., Adachi, P. C., & Good, M. (2012). A longitudinal study of the association between violent video game play and aggression among adolescents. Developmental Psychology, 48(4), 1044-1057. doi:10.1037/a0026046
Cities all over the world are developing. As war ended in 1942, a significant number of people move to the city because they want to improve life. This urbanization process is causing a number of problems and should be met by sustainable development policies. In the beginning, it is important to know the definition of sustainable development. There are some definitions for sustainable development, but simply they say that sustainable development is a development which using resources now and preserving them for future generations (Adams, 1999, p.137). This concept has been agreed internationally at a Rio Conference in 1992 to be implemented by all government policies which mostly known as “Agenda 21” principles (Adams, 1999, p.141). This paper will show that traffic jams and housing problems caused by urbanization can be met by sustainable development policies. The structure of this paper will first explain the situation that leads to traffic jams and housing problems. Next, it will elaborate the sustainable development solutions, implications for the solutions, and evaluations how effective the sustainable development solutions solved the problems.
The decision to grant independence to India was not the logical culmination of errors in policy, neither was it as a consequence of a mass revolution forcing the British out of India, but rather, the decision was undertaken voluntarily. Patrick French argues that: “The British left India because they lost control over crucial areas of the administration, and lacked the will and the financial or military ability to recover that control”.
The properties of paint determine the general quality of the coating and its workability, ease of application and resistance characteristics.