1. The digestive systems functions are to digest food, absorb any end products that were digested (including vitamins and minerals). The physiological processes of the digestive system are ingestion, propulsion, mechanical breakdown, digestion, absorption and defecation. Mechanical digestion means to use force in order to break down food for example the use of chewing or the contraction of muscles. Chemical digestion is when the food is broken down chemically into smaller particles such as the use of the saliva in the mouth.
2. The four tissue layers are the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and the serosa. The mucosa is the inner most layer which also composes of its own; the epithelial, lamina propia, and muscularis mucosa. The mucosa secretes hormones, digestive enzymes and also mucus as well. The submucosa is composed of areolar connective tissue, which contains a rich blood supply, nerve fibers and lymphatic vessels and follicles. The muscularis external is the layer that is responsible for the function of segmentation and peristalsis. It contains an inner circular layer and also an outer longitudinal layer both of smooth muscle cells. The serosa is the layer that is the outermost. It is also called the visceral peritoneum and it is areolar connective tissue that is covered with mesothelium.
3. The enteric nervous system is composed of intrinsic nerve plexuses, submucosal nerve plexuses, and myenteric nerve plexuses. The submucosal nerve plexuses are located in the submucosal. The myenteric nerve plexuses are located between the circular muscle layer and the longitudinal muscle layer. They provide an important nerve supply to the GI tract wall and also are in control of motility of the GI tract.
4. Neutral mechanism...
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...s in absorption. The mucosa of the small intestine also has a submucosa, which forms the plicae circulars, and it increases the surface area of the intestines.
14. The migrating motor complex (MMC) is described as strong and rhythmic contractions in the small intestines and the stomach during the fasting state. Segmentation is described as the contraction that is rhythmic in the small intestines which allows chyme to mix.
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16. The mucosa in the colon is composed of simple columnar epithelium and unlike the mucosa of the small intestine it contains no villi or plicae circularis . Although, it does contain crypts.
17. Haustral contractions occur by intervals of 30 minutes, they mix contents inside the intestine back and forth. Mass movements occur 3-4 times a day and they bring the contents in the large intestine towards the rectum to be stored.
mucous layer of the organs in the digestive tract by means of enzymes and acids.
•The forty five year old patient is diagnosed with the progressive cirrhosis inflaming the liver along with the parenchymal cells. The plain symptoms is manifested primarily because of the augmentation of edema internally in the lower abdomen.
The main purposes of the colon are to absorb water and electrolytes to compact the feces for expulsion and expulsion of the feces. The length of the colon is roughly one to one and a half meters and the diameter spans from two to eight centimeters. The colon is made up of seven sections. These sections are the cecum, the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, the rectum and the anal canal.
4)Stomach: The stomach squeezes and mixes food with enzymes for hours before it releases the mixture into the small intestine.
In order for this breakdown to happen, the ‘tube’ through which the food travels requires assistance from a number of other digestive organs starting with the salivary glands, and later receiving
This is a muscular narrow tube lined with stratified squamous epithelium that connects the pharynx to the stomach through the diaphragm. The walls of the oesophagus secrete mucus (lubricants) which helps in the process of swallowing through peristalsis movement, moving the food from the oesophagus into the stomach. (McGuiness, 2006).
Large Intestine- The large intestine is made of 3 parts; the cecum, the colon, and the rectum. Some refer to the large intestine as the colon, because the colon contains four separate parts; the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, and the sigmoid colon (WebMD (2).) The cecum connects the small and the large intestine, acting as a transition area for food to travel. The ascending colon takes feces from the cecum to the transverse colon, during this process, bacteria digest fecal matter for the release of vitamins. The longest part of the colon, the transverse colon, is where the most absorption within the large intestine takes place. The descending colon transports feces from the transverse colon to the sigmoid colon. The descending colon walls also absorb water, nutrients, and vitamins from the feces, and can store the feces until it is read to be eliminated. The sigmoid colon can also
...ve eaten, to break down the food into a liquid mixture and to slowly empty that liquid mixture into the small intestine. Once the bolus has entered your stomach it begins to be broken down with the help of the strong muscles and gastric juices which are located in the walls of your stomach. The gastric juices are made up of hydrochloric acid, water, and mucus- and the main enzyme inside of your stomach is what is known as pepsin, which needs to be surrounded in an acidic setting in order to do its job, that is to break down protein. Once the bolus has been inside of your stomach for long enough it begins to form into a liquid called chyme, and what keeps the chyme from flowing back into our esophagus are ring shaped muscles known as sphincters located at the beginnings and ends of the stomach and they have the task of controlling the flow of solids and liquids.
During digestion, the body breaks down food into smaller molecules that could then be used by the body’s cells and tissues in order to perform functions. This starts off in the mouth with the physical movements of chewing and the chemical breakdown by saliva. Enzymes in the stomach break food down further after traveling from the mouth through the esophagus. The food from here then moves into the small intestine, where pancreatic juices and enzymes dissolve proteins, carbohydrates, and fibers, and bile from the liver breaks down fats into these small molecules. Any portion of the fibers or food that were unable to be broken down are passed from the small intestine to the large intestine, which is where the digestive tract transitions into the excretory tract, then the colon and out of the rectum. Any liquids that have been stripped of their nutrients by the body proceed from the stomach to the kidneys. In the kidneys, sodium ions (Na+), uric acid, and urea are exchanged with water, which moves urinary bladder and is excreted through the
Absorption is the way of digesting the food molecules into the small intestine. This process of absorption pass throughout the wall of the small intestine into the bloodstream. The bloodstream carried out all important nutrients to the
Ventral mesentery from end of foregut to upper part of the duodenum . So , when the ventral mesentery disappear , there are 2halves of intra embryonic coelom will communicate and get attach to each other forming the peritoneal cavity .
The digestive system has of a chain of linked organs that work with each other to digest, and break down food into molecules that are put in the circulatory system. Then takes them to the body’s tissues. The most important structures in the digestive system are the tongue, mouth, intestines, esophagus, stomach, and anus. The liver, gallbladder, and pancreas are with the digestive system also.
Epithelial tissue covers the surface of the human body and lines most internal cavities. Epithelial tissue is found in the body’s skin, lining of the stomach and intestines, the kidney, and glands, as well as other locations within the body (Amsel, 2012). The two types of epithelial tissue are (1) covering and lining epithelium and (2) glandular epithelium. The covering and lining epithelium are found lining the integumentary, digestive, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems as well as the ventral body cavity and the organs this cavity houses (Hoehn, et al., 2007, p. 118). The glandular epithelium is found within the glands of the entire human body. Not only are their two types of epithelial tissue found in the human body, there are also multiple classifications and various shapes. These classific...
...he Buttermilk White bread. The food makes its way to the transverse colon and extra nutrients are released form the cellulose of the undigested particles. It continues on to the descending colon. There I start to manufacture vitamin K and other B-complex vitamins. Those are then absorbed into my large intestine.
The digestive system is very responsible for taking the whole food that people eat and turns them into energy and nutrients to allow the body to function, grow, and fix itself. The six primary processes of this system are ingestion of food, secretion of fluids and digestive enzymes, mixing and movement of food and waste throughout the body, digestion of food into small pieces, absorbing the nutrients, and the elimination of wastes. Ingestion is the first function of the digestive system, which is also known as the intake of food. The mouth is the reasoning for this process because through the mouth is the way food enters the body. The stomach and the mouth store food until your stomach is ready to digest the food that was just eaten. The reason why people can only eat a few times a day is because your body can only allow a certain amount of food depending on your body weight and type, and it cannot ingest more food than it can process at one time. The next step in Secretion, this happens in the course of the day. The digestive system secretes about 7 liters of fluid daily, but these fluids include saliva, mucus, hydrochloric acid, enzymes, and bile...