The word “Nanotechnology” is defined as the science of working with atoms and molecules to build devices that are extremely small.
At first the concept nanotechnology and describing a mater in molecular or atomic scale spread very slowly. In 1867 James Clerk Maxwell proposed an experiment of small entity named Maxwell’s Demon capable of handling person molecules to show that the second law of thermodynamics has only statistical certainty1. After that Richard Adolf Zsigmondy used the nanometer scale for particle size characterization in 1914. In 1952 at Caltech, Richard Feynman had a talk with the title of ‘There’s A lot of Area at the Bottom’. In his lecture he proposed that direct manipulation of individual atoms is a more powerful method for synthetic chemistry2.
In 1974 the first technical definition of nanotechnology proposed by Norio Taniguchi at Tokyo Science University as processing, separation, consolidation and deformation of supplies by a single atom or molecule3. Later on, in 1980 Eric Drexler proposed the idea of using molecular manufacturing in industries and also ori...
In the novel, Prey, written by Michael Crichton it pertains to the subject of nanotechnology throughout the whole entire book. The main characters of this novel are the
Nanoscale materials have been used for over a millennium such as in Medival Europe where nanoscale gold was used in stained glass and in Damacus where nanotubes were found in blades of swords (National Nanotechnology Initiative, n.d). However, Richard Feynman (Figure 1) of the California Institute of Technology gave what is considered to be the very first lecture, “There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom" on technology and engineering at the atomic scale, at an American Physical Society meeting at Caltech (n.d). Feyman stated in his speech that “When we get to the very, very small world – say circuits of seven atoms – we have a lot of new things that would happen that represent completely new opportunities for design” (Grandall and Lewis, 1992). Later in 1974, the term “nanotechnology” was given to describe precision machining of materials to within atomic-scale dimensions by Professor Norio Taniguchi from Tokyo Science University (National Nanotechnology Initiative, n.d). Moreover, the idea of a medical use for Feynman's theoretical micromachines was suggested to him by one of his doctoral students, Albert Hibbs. Hibbs suggested that certain repair machines might one day be reduced in size to the point that it would be theoretically possible to "swallow the doctor"(Discovery, n.d.)
Nanotechnology is defined as “ a technology executed on the scale of less than 100 nanometers, the goal of which is to control individual atoms and molecules, especially to create computer chips and other microscopic devices” (Webster’s Dictionary, 1999). In the early 1970’s an MIT student by the name of K. Eric Drexler came up with the idea of manufacturing things, both biological and non-biological, from the molecular level up. Drexler noticed the amazing talents of natural biology and wondered if humans could mimic biology on a mechanical level,
First things first, what exactly are nanotechnology and biotechnology? There has been some less than mild discussion of late about what constitutes legitimate nanotechnology, and suffice it to say that it doesn’t include things like laundry detergents, chemical additives, makeup micro-beads or anything of the like that may be claimed by some companies that are looking for an advantage over their competitors. Also, neither of these growing scientific disciplines includes any of the many terrifying, often alien technologies that swarm and smother, seek and destroy, or otherwise attempt to eradicate the human race from the face of the earth, ad nauseam. Here is a concise definition from The American Heritage Science Dictionary: “Nanotechnology is the science and technology of precisely manipulating the structure of matter at the molecular level. The term nanotechnology embraces many different fields and specialties, including engineering, chemistry, electronics, and medicine, among others, but all are concerned with bringing existing te...
Nanotechnology today is a very broad and varied field. It has ramifications across all many industrials areas, including the automotive industry. As the field develops and the technology advances, the applications in conventional areas will broaden. Therefore, it is essential that those studying nanotechnology today be properly equipped to affect, and adapt to, these changes. The term ‘nanotechnology’ is not clearly defined. There are many different definitions, and meanings. However, it is often described as either, future nanosystems, including nano assemblers and robots, or as a broad term meaning any current technology which deals with small systems.
Nanotechnology studies things on a very small scale to understand why matter behaves the way it does on a large scale. Nanotechnology is interdisciplinary and is used in engineering, biology, chemistry, and many other fields.
Nanotechnology is the manipulation of structures at nano levels. It uses incredibly small materials, devices, and systems to manipulate matter. These structures are measured in nanometers, or one billionth of a meter, and can be used by themselves or as part of larg...
Roberts, A. (2011, March). Nanotechnology: The incredible invisible world, Technology & Engineering Teacher, 70 (6) p10-17
Nanotechnology is defined as the science of design, synthesis and characterization of matter at the nanoscale, which mesures one billionth of the meter [1,2] On that scale, structures exhibit novel chemical, physical and biological properties and processes, which enables the creation of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), with various characteristics and potential applications. [3] It’s not just that though. Nanotechnology shows the ability to eliminate the gaps among medicine, material engineering and science, computer technology and public policy, creating new clinical and medical approaches to better diagnose, treat and prevent any kind of illness. In fact, it is already moving from simple passive structures
Science that deals with study of materials or any particles that is so small and measured in nanometer scale is called “Nanoscience”. Study about very small particles and its chemical and physical changes at nanoscale is not an easy business. Nanotechnology studies the big picture of those small particles, manipulates them to advance new devices and materials. The name “nanotechnology” was created in year 1974 (Nowack & Bucheli, 2007). But the concept of manipulating Nano particles has been around for centuries mainly in crafting examples are 4th century Lycurgus cup, 13th-18th centuries Damascus saber blades and etc., (Miller et al.,2013). Introduction of nanotechnology was to attain multiple benefits to society in many areas like energy production and conservation, pollution clean-up and medicine. The danger that tags along with this benefiting science does need to be understood before their usage becomes prevalent. Environmental scientists who are concerned about health of organisms and hazard to environment are researching and accessing about toxicity, distribution and fate of the nanoparticles that is released into the environment.
According to the (National Nanotechnology Coordination Office) nanotechnology “is science, engineering, and technology conducted at the Nano scale, which is about 1 to 100 nanometers.”
What is Nanotechnology? “Nanotechnology is the manipulation or self-assembly of individual atoms, molecules, or molecular clusters into structures to create materials and devices with new or vastly different properties. Nanotechnology can work from the top down (which means reducing the size of the smallest structures to the nanoscale… or the bottom up (which involves manipulating individual atoms and molecules into nanostructures and more closely resembles chemistry or biology)” (Joseph & Morrison, 2006, p.3, para. 2).
Nanomaterials are typically categorised as materials which have structured components with at least one dimension less than 100nm. Nanotechnologies include the construction and/or manipulation of materials at the scale of nanometre (nm). One nanometre is one millionth of a millimetre. To give an example of just how small the nanoscale is, one human hair is roughly 70,000 nm in diameter.
Nanotechnology is science, technology and engineering that is conducted at the nanoscale. The nanoscale is about 1 to 100 nanometres.
Nano refers to 10-9 power or one billionth. Nanoscience is ths study of atoms, molecules and objects whose size is on the nanometer scale (1-100nm)