The Determination of a Rate Equation

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The Determination of a Rate Equation Aim --- The purpose of this experiment is to develop a method to determine the rate equation for the reaction between Magnesium ribbon and 2.0mol dm Hydrochloric acid, HCl. Hypothesis and Theory --------------------- When I react the magnesium ribbon with hydrochloric acid they will undergo the reaction according to the equation below: Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) à MgCl (aq) + H (g) For a reaction to be successful the molecules must collide with sufficient kinetic energy in order to surmount the energy barrier, also known as the activation energy. When there is an increased concentration of reactants then there is a greater chance of these successful collisions occurring therefore speeding up the reaction (As How far, How fast?). According to the collision theory, I should expect that as I increase the concentration of hydrochloric acid then the reaction rate would also increase because a higher frequency of collisions will increase the rate of reaction. Therefore increasing the time taken for the magnesium to dissolve. When the magnesium ribbon is added to hydrochloric acid effervescence is expected as they begin to react providing me with a reliable method of measuring the reaction rate, hence the time taken for the magnesium wire to completely dissolve. Accuracy measures and Varying Factors ------------------------------------- Ø The length of the magnesium ribbon will have to be kept to 0.03g on each trial. Ø The temperature of the hydrochloric acid should remain constant throughout the trials and each concentration temperature should be checked with a thermometer of 0.5 accuracy. Varying temperatures increase kinetic energy therefore increasing the vibrations and then the frequency of successful collisions. Any variations in temperature may skew results as I am investigating the effect of hydrochloric acid concentration on the rate and not temperature. Ø Start the clock as soon as the magnesium ribbon is added to the hydrochloric acid. Ø Measure solutions as accurately as possible by making sure the

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