The Designer Drug: Ecstasy
MDMA, otherwise known as the designer drug ecstasy, X, XTC,
Adam (MDMA), Eve (MDEA), E rolls and many others generic terms,
is a street drug that most people associate with a feeling of
physical stimulation. This drug has a normal dose of about 50 to
300mg and can vary in color and shape depending on the maker.
Most bootleg drug producers like to put a trademark stamp on the
pill, which consists of many different designs. MDMA is
administered orally and is absorbed through the gastrointestinal
track where it travels up to the brain, which results in a high
within about an hour. The high from one pill can last up to six
hours. After administration of the drug is when the brain begins
the release of the neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine. A
pill of ecstasy can also include other substances like
amphetamine, ephedrine, caffeine, ketamine and sometimes
substances that are unidentifiable to chemists. This can cause
side effects that are beyond the scope of this research. What we
do know is that MDMA is an organic molecule, which enables the
molecules of MDMA to inhibit some of the neurotransmitters in
the brain. Let us take a deeper look into that chemistry.
The chemistry of ecstasy, which we will refer to as MDMA,
has been researched, by scientists, since the late sixties and
what they have uncovered is very interesting. Scientists have
found that, overall; MDMA begins with an organic root and ends
up being a potentially dangerous drug, 3,4-methylenedioxy-n-
methylamphetamine. MDMA is based from an oil called safrole,
which is derived from the sassafras root. Many pharmacologists
and illegal manufacturers have used safrole as a starting
material for many medicines and drugs because it is easily
accessible and inexpensive. Therefore, it is not surprising
that this is the base for MDMA. As for most organic molecules
MDMA consists of H (hydrogen), N (nitrogen), CH3 (a methyl
group) and oxygen atoms, which ends up making C11H15NO2. All of
these molecules, including the base of the safrole, are organic
which makes MDMA an organic molecule. When combined to make MDMA
they act like an amphetamine (look almost identical to
methamphetamine in there chemical brake down) to the body with
its psychedelic reaction, which is why MDMA is usually
classified as an amphetamine. When examining the MDMA molecules
scientists found that the MDMA has two types of molecules that
The Harlem Renaissance is the name given to a period at the end of World War I through the mid-30s, in which a group of talented African-Americans managed to produce outstanding work through a cultural, social, and artistic explosion. Also known as the New Negro Movement. It is one of the greatest periods of cultural and intellectual development of a population historically repressed. The Harlem Renaissance was the rebirth of art in the African-American community mostly centering in Harlem, New York, during the 1920s. Jazz, literature, and painting emphasized significantly between the artistic creations of the main components of this impressive movement. It was in this time of great
Harlem soon became known as the “capital of black America” as the amount of blacks in this community was very substantial. Many of the inhabitants of this area were artists, entrepreneurs and black advocates with the urge to showcase their abilities and talents. The ...
He tells Candy to wait until he has left the barn to yell as though he had just found the body. He immediately heads for the bunker and tells Candy to “give me a couple of minutes” (95). This allows him to have enough time to get the gun be in his possession and be back in time to follow the men into the barn. He knows he must head straight for Lennie after everyone has seen Curly’s wife’s body, they came from the north so George hopes Lennie has remembered to hide in the brush. When the guys ask George where Lennie could have gone he claim Lennie “would of went south” (97). He knows that if the men search in the south it will give him the opportunity to kill Lennie without any pain. Afraid that George might be up to something Curly tells George to follow them, “George moved slowly after them” (98). He moves at a slower pace than the rest of the men to create distance so he can eventually head north to the brush where Lennie
From the brush came the huge crack of a gun being fired. George dropped his gun, and Lennie was frozen in time for a split second, then he fell over in front of George’s feet. He was gone.
Occurring in the 1920’s and into the 1930’s, the Harlem Renaissance was an important movement for African-Americans all across America. This movement allowed the black culture to be heard and accepted by white citizens. The movement was expressed through art, music, and literature. These things were also the most known, and remembered things of the renaissance. Also this movement, because of some very strong, moving and inspiring people changed political views for African-Americans. Compared to before, The Harlem Renaissance had major effects on America during and after its time.
In Harlem Renaissance by Nathan Irvin Huggins, the author doesn’t answer just one general question, but instead questions the culture and identity crisis that enveloped this movement. He successfully brings
Many of drugs have been created to have different experiences when at a rave. Ecstasy
Acetaminophen is ingested orally and is rapidly and completely absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract. It works in about one hour. The liver detoxifies 90% of it by mixing it with sulfuric acid, and another 3-5% is catabolized by enzyme reactions to the acid. The metabolites are excreted in the urine.
In a world where mental illnesses like PTSD, depression, and autism are becoming more and more prevalent, MDMA, or “Ecstasy” is just the mental boost that someone needs and is illegally being dealt to patients while in therapy or counseling. The theory is that MDMA can raise “happiness levels” by forcing the brain to release serotonin and dopamine at the same time, resulting in intense euphoria and “ego softening” (Errowid). Some other side effects of MDMA can include feelings of inner peace, increase in social bonding, and an increase in ability to communicate. Some of the less positive side effects can be eye wiggling, increased heart rate, and dehydration. All of which, are quite manageable and not too noticeable. Sufferers of social anxiety and depression could greatly benefit from MDMA, as it can break down inner boundaries and increase the need to be around other people. A grou...
At first, the divisions between East and West Berlin were uncertain. There was nothing that divided the city. For more than ten years after the official split of the city, East Berlin saw a major emigration of East Germans, unhappy with the communist system. With nothing physical to separate East and West Berlin, migration from totalitarianism to democracy was as easy for East Berliners as changing houses. The Soviet Union went against their promises to the people of East Germany, and made East Germany a Communist country. This decision by the Soviet Union separated East Germany even more from the rest of Europe. East Germany was now all by itself, and by the summer of 1952 th...
The Harlem Renaissance refers to a prolific period of unique works of African-American expression from about the end of World War I to the beginning of the Great Depression. Although it is most commonly associated with the literary works produced during those years, the Harlem Renaissance was much more than a literary movement; similarly, it was not simply a reaction against and criticism of racism. The Harlem Renaissance inspired, cultivated, and, most importantly, legitimated the very idea of an African-American cultural consciousness. Concerned with a wide range of issues and possessing different interpretations and solutions of these issues affecting the Black population, the writers, artists, performers and musicians of the Harlem Renaissance had one important commonality: "they dealt with Black life from a Black perspective." This included the use of Black folklore in fiction, the use of African-inspired iconography in visual arts, and the introduction of jazz to the North.[i] In order to fully understand the lasting legacies of the Harlem Renaissance, it is important to examine the key events that led to its beginnings as well as the diversity of influences that flourished during its time.
Few people have heard of the Harlem Renaissance, let alone know what a large impact it had on society today. During World War One, African Americans had fought alongside whites to defeat their enemies. However, they were welcomed home with the same cruel, unfair prejudice as before the war. Although slavery had been abolished long ago, many Caucasians still held a serious grudge against the black population in general. Very little of African American culture had trickled through the enormous racial dam built by Caucasians at that time. However, the 1920’s was a time of extreme cultural reformation for society where blacks began to share their work in art, literature, and other cultural aspects with the changing world. Despite the severe oppression enforced by the white population of America, a period of cultural rebirth occurred in the 1920’s, more commonly known as the Harlem Renaissance.
The Harlem Renaissance or “New Negro Movement” as coined by Alain Locke was a time when African Americans emerged in the literary, performing and visual arts creating a “black” cultural explosion as we now know it. “Negro has been man without a history because he has been considered a man without a worthy culture (Schomburg, pg. 66) was no longer accurate as black culture was becoming more prominent each day. With slavery being abolished, African
Drug use and abuse is as old as mankind itself. Human beings have always had a desire to eat or drink substances that make them feel relaxed, stimulated, or euphoric. Humans have used drugs of one sort or another for thousands of years. Wine was used at least from the time of the early Egyptians; narcotics from 4000 B.C.; and medicinal use of marijuana has been dated to 2737 BC in China.
Ecstasy Effects | Information on Ecstasy,Club. Drugs,Pills and MDMA. Web. The Web. The Web.