...efit themselves without realizing the damaging effects it would have later on. He goes on to say that Argentina’s experience involved a fundamental nature of globalization. Argentina realized how national democracy and full blown globalization do not go hand in hand with one another. When democratic policies become overly involved with financial markets, it becomes almost impossible for that nation to get involved deeply with the world economy.
Europeans arrived in Argentina in 1502. Spain established a permanent colony on Buenos Aires in 1580. Later on Argentina will become independent, but it will not come until July 9, 1816. From 1880 to 1930s Argentina was one of the top 10 wealthiest nations based on their agriculture. It wasn’t until 1986 that Argentina became a democracy, before that it was under military regime. During 1998 and 2002 Argentina had a major economic downfall. This is known as the Argentinean great depression. There were a couple of reasons: During the military regime the country went into debt for not finishing projects. Also, after democracy came back the new president try to stabilize the economy by creating a new currency, thus the country needed loans for this to happen. The debt eventually rose and the country had lost the confidence of the lenders.
Fertility is one of the main issues discussed when talking about the demography of the United States. The U.S. economy plays a rather large role in the rising and falling patterns of the country’s fertility rate. In many past occurrences of economic hardship in the country fertility levels had decreased. One of the main reasons for that being in times of financial struggle, men and women are less likely to want to have children. Being able to support a family is already a difficult task but when people are getting laid off from jobs, unemployment rates are increasing, and the economy is struggling many people can barely afford to buy necessities for themselves never mind for an entire family. An extended decrease in fertility levels could have hugely negative effects on the country’s demography. Lower fertility rates mean less babies being born which in turn decreases the younger age population while the aging population slowly increases. This is one of the main issues with low fertility because it does not evenly decrease the country’s population.
The economy of Latin American countries such as Argentina have often focused on only one main product at a time and imported many of the other products needed. Argentina especially followed this economic strategy in the late 1800’s. Latin American countries focus on one product it does well and does not stray from that product. The countries were just following trends and taking advantage of what the market dictates is a worthwhile product. This strategy can fall short of having long-term success and lead to a land of poverty. This was the case in most every country in Latin America, and all the economy revolved around the growth of industry in each country. Technology, increased immigration, European influence, and political policy all influenced the economic state of Latin American countries and led to economic struggles.
Life expectancy in many parts of the world has increased since 1800 (Life Expectancy by Age, n.d). To understand these changes we can study the demographic transition, the changes in birth and death rates over extended periods of time. The industrial revolution has significantly improved the conditions of humans and in 20th century death rates declined but the birth rates remained unchanged. In many of today’s developed countries both rates have declined; however, in developing countries, while death rates have declined due the improvements of living conditions, the birth rates are still high which has caused a record high population growth (HAUB & GRIBBLE, 2011).
Demography is the study of the components of population variation and change. Death rate and birth rate are two determinants of population change. Theory of Demographic Transition is comparatively recent theory that has been accepted by several scholars throughout the world. This theory embraces the observation that all countries in the world go through different stages in the growth of population. A nation's economy and level of development is directly related to that nation's birth and death rates. Population history can be divided into different stages. Some of the scholars have divided it into three and some scholars have divided it into five stages. These stages or classifications demonstrate a transition from high birth and high death rates to low birth and low death rates. The Theory of Demographic Transition suggests that all nations begin in stage one as underdeveloped, third world nations and through time transition into first world nations. Firstly this theory was developed based on the statistic collected in many European countries. In this theory, birth rate and death rate are considered to be the major factors or demographic events for bringing change in population.
Many scientist and specifically sociologists are concerned with the population on planet Earth. Many couples today are choosing not to have children. This choice does not just effect the couples personally, however it effects the whole country's demographic. The increase in childlessness among couples generates economic and social problems. Many countries are facing this problem. Hara in a journal article mentions that Japan and Germany are a couple of the countries that are going through childlessness (Hara, 2008).Today, more than 80 countries depend on immigration to prevent the populations from declining, due to the death rate being higher than birth rate. (Becker-Posner, 2013) How will declining birth rates affect demographics in many countries around the world? How will it affect the Global economy? How will it affect societies in different countries; will it raise social and racial tensions? Will it affect relations
Insight into a countries population characteristics are an integral component into understanding the social and economic progression of a nation. There are several population elements in particular that offer a more in depth understanding of a countries demographic outlook; such as age and sex demographics, fertility and mortality rates, and annual population growth. There are several other demographic factors of which aren’t discussed that provide furthered intensive understandings into the demographic topic that link into the mentioned population subjects, such as immigration and emigration. In addition, the understanding of such features creates the basis for informed future political decision making, policy development, and planning processes
The United States Of America is a stage 4 of the demographic transition model; meaning there is a low birth rate as well as a low death rate within the population. Even though our population is the 3rd highest in the world with over 300,000,000 people, according to the CIA world factbook, Americans have 12.5 births per/1,000 people that being said we had about 3,941,109 babies born in the year 2016.(Bakalar 1). One can compare this to brazil’s population which is over 200,000,000 people making them the 5th largest country in the world based on population, Brazil is also a stage 4 country in the demographic transition model. In Brazil the birth rate is 14.1/1,000 people which makes sense when compared to America's 12.5 births when the USA's population has hit an all-time
This means that over the last ten years, since 2000, when its population was 281.4 million people, it increased by 27.3 million. These figures also show that the growth of the country's population was smaller than the 1990s from 2000 to 2010, when there were 32.7 million people (13.2%). Previous peak came in the 1950s, when the US population increased by 28 million people, or 18.5%. Indicators of the last decade are comparable with the relative data of the 1980s -9.8%, and they were the lowest since the crisis of the 1930s - 7.3% was marked by an unprecedented drop in the birth rate and low migration. In my opinion, the United States' government should pursue population policies to protect our quality of life for future generations because only in this way we can learn the causes and the stability of population
Countries in the world hold different attitudes to the population policy, some of them tend to delay the increase of population while others introduce policies to encourage childbirth. After centuries of continual growth, which started at the first industrial revolution, the global population reached over 7 billion individuals in 2013. Research by Ezeh, Bongaarts and Mberu (2012) states that increasing population is a threat to individuals and societies by bring problems based on unsatisfied demand. The “increasing population” in this essay can be defined as net rising in birth rate during a period, especially in the poor developing countries. This essay will argue that the world cannot sustain an increasing population. The reasons for this are firstly, limited nature resources can hardly maintain huge population and environment may be polluted; next, economic problems, especially the gap between the rich and the poor can be caused by increasing demand; and lastly, social wellbeing pressures brought by population growth.
Argentina is a country that was made poor by capitalism and globalization. The video “The Take (2004) Occupy, Resist & Produce” is a documentary by Avi Lewis and Naomi Klein that exhibits the devastating effects that capitalism and globalization can have on a country. In viewing this documentary, Argentina and its workers suffered due to the governing power of Carlos Menem and the International Monetary Fund. Menem sold the country piece by piece through downsizes, corporate handouts, and by selling public property to privatized organizations. Menem wanted to close factories, have more state control, and an increase in privatization rights. The result of Menem’s goals was the rich getting richer and the poor becoming poorer. Under Menem’s government over half the population of Argentina fell below the poverty line. Before Menem’s government coming into power, the people and workers were able to spend money on the material things in life, such as going on vacations or going shopping for
The Demographic Transition Model (DTM) shows how the population of a country changes over time. This is explained through changes in both birth and death rates. These changes can be easily seen and mapped between five different stages of population growth, which can be seen in both More Developed Countries (MDC, and Less Developed Countries (LDC) in several ways.
...han its low-fertility neighbors Spain (1.48) and Italy (1.4)” (www.slate.com). This shows that the birth-rate in other countries besides China, have also been decreasing because of its low fertility.
Argentina like other countries has had its fair share of troubles. In the early 20th century it was ranked as the 7th wealthiest country in the world. After 1930, however events took a dreaded turn. Due to political instability and economic crisis it was reduced to underdevelopment. Poor economic planning consisted of the use of the fixed exchange rate and the massive foreign debt. The inability to repay its foreign debt caused a financial crisis in 2001. Repayment was deemed impossible and costs were cut by the government. This lead to salary reductions by 13% (Pastor and Wise 2001). Unemployment increased tremendously to nearly 20% (Stiglitz 2002).