GSM Shield library
GSM coding is significantly facilitated by using the GSM library. The library consists of a few header files and examples. The header files encompass AT commands to start up SIM900 and test the serial communications between Arduino and GSM. Moreover, several functions are integrated in the library to facilitate sending text messages, making phone calls and data transfer. It is worthwhile to note that two GSM libraries can be found on the internet, including GSM_Shield library and GSM-GPRS-GPS-Shield library. Both libraries have been tested in the project and it has been found out that the former is not functional. Therefore, the latter is used.
The GSM-GPRS shield header files include: call.h, GPS.h, GSM.h, HWSerial.h, inetGSM.h, log.h, SIM900.h, sms.h, Streaming.h and Widetextfinder.h. In this project, the objective of GSM shield is to send a text message upon detection of an intruder. The libraries required for sending a text message are SIM900.h and sms.h.
The code for sending a text message is shown below. After declaring the header files, variable “sms” of type SMSGSM is declared. The Boolean variable “started” is used to check whether the shield is started or not. The first function sets up the GSM shield. In the first step the serial port of Arduino is started at a Baud rate of 9600 and then a text message is sent to the serial port. The text messages can be monitored using “Serial Monitor” tool in Arduino IDE or on any serial communication software on a PC. This helps examining the operation of GSM and making sure that it is started without any error. Then, the command “gsm.begin” is used to start GSM. The command encompasses a large number of AT commands, which aim at testing the communication link between GSM and Arduino and starting up the GSM. The serial communication is tested for several different Baud rates. By attempting Baud rates from 19200 to 2400, the maximum valid Baud rate is found. After establishing serial communication, the GSM is started. It is worthwhile to point out that prior to starting up the GSM, the SIM900 has to be turned on by pressing the SIM900 power button on the shield. Otherwise, the program will get stock on “gsm.begin” and the system will not work. Another necessary condition for starting up the GSM is proving appropriate power source. If GSM starting is successful, it will return “1”and the message “status=ready” is printed on the serial monitor.
The mobile market in Syria is one of the newest in the region. The country was devoid of cellular telephony until 1999 when the Ministry of Communications and Technology (MoC) granted national PTO the Syrian Telecommunications Establishment (STE) permission to begin a trial GSM service in the major cities of Damascus, Aleppo and Latakia. In conjunction with Siemens and Ericsson, which also partly financed the project, STE installed ten base stations in the capital and six in Aleppo and Latakia.
G in 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G stands for the “Generation” of the mobile network. Today, mobile operators have started offering 4G services a higher number before the ‘G’ means more power to send out and receive more information and therefore the ability to achieve a higher efficiency through the wireless network. During the time of 1G, radio signals were transmitted in ‘Analogue’ form. 2G networks on the other hand, were based on narrow band digital networks. The 3rd generation of mobile networks has become popular and users access the Internet over devices like mobiles and tablets. This means a 3G network actually allows for more data transmission and therefore the network enables voice and video calling, file transmission, internet surfing, online TV, view high definition videos, play games and much more. 4th Generation mobile networks are believed to provide many value added features.
In recent years texting has become one of the most popular ways to stay in touch with the people around you. Texting is something that occurs every day and almost everyone does it. One of the
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Text messaging didn’t just develop overnight, it developed over time. Text messaging first started in the early 1900’s. The first text message ever sent said “Merry Christmas” on December 3, 1992. This message wound up being sent by Neil Papworth’s computer to Richard Jarvis’s mobile phone. It’s unusual to see a text message sent from a computer to a phone. Everyone is used to text messages being sent from mobile phone to mobile phone, but there was growth to get to that point. In 1993, Nokia took a big step by making the first mobile phone. This allowed customers to send text messages to each other. But this didn’t intrigue many people because in 1995, Americans sent on average 0.4 text message per month. With time, people began to text more. Within the next two years, text messaging became easier and easier. People started to realize that it’s more convenient than face-to-face conversations and you can get answers quicker. 2 years later, Nokia wanted to make text messaging easier for everyone. Nokia created the first mobile phone that featured a full keyboard on the Nokia 9000i Com...
In 1984, Nokia propelled the Mobira Talkman compact auto telephone and in 1987 the Mobira Cityman, the first handheld cellular telephone for NMT systems, was presented.
“Our generation doesn't ring the doorbell. They text or call to say they're outside,” this line is from one of the well-known social networks, Tweeter, which shows how the way of communication has change in this modern life. According to 2013 statistics by Business Insider, in United States alone, smartphone owners aged 18 to 24 send 2,022 texts per month on average — 67 texts on a daily basis — and receive another 1,831 texts (Cocotas). Nowadays, technology such as text messaging has practically replaced traditional face to face communication among the society primarily in young generations because texting allows messages to be sent fast and effortless. In order to quickly type what they are trying to say in text messaging, people are frequently using textspeak; the language created by using abbreviation rather than complete words. Based on this phenomenon, David Crystal, an honorary professor of linguistics at the University of Wales has published an article entitled ‘2b or not 2b?’ in the Guardian on July 5, 2008 comes out with the research and studies that state texting can actually improve the literacy of children and create creativity of writing. However, by observing more critically, texting do decrease a person’s ability to switch between textspeak and the normal rules of grammar and adversely affect formal writing and conversational skills.
Communication in life is crucial. No matter what you’re doing or what you’re trying to accomplish, being able to easily get a message across can reduce problems . As we all know there many different types of ways to communicate with other people and different reasons why we would need to. In today’s society, the most common way to communicate with one another are with cellphones.
Author Bio – The Author have great interest in handset and technology reviews. Currently he is working with 91mobiles.
Symbian is a open-source (EPL) mobile operating system (OS) and computing platform design for smartphone and currently maintained by Accenture. It offer a high-level of integration with communication and personal information management (PIM) functionality. Symbian OS combines middleware with wireless communication through an integrated mailbox and the integration of Java and PIM functionality as agenda and contact. The Symbian OS is open for third-party development by independent software vendor, enterprise IT department, network operator and Symbian OS licences.
India has seen unprecedented growth in mobile subscriber base and is second only to China. It is expected to have73 % mobile penetration in India by the year 2016. Mobile usage, which was previously restricted to urban India, has started penetrating the rural hinterland of the country at a good pace. The rural tele-density has grown at a startling rate and is over 15 per cent
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The most important hardware components of a smartphone are usually found soldered directly onto the motherboard, therefore the majority of this paper will focus on the CPU, GPU, RAM, storage, WiFi and Bluetooth communications chip, and GSM voice communications and 4G chip.
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frequency carrier while the user is moving within a telephone service area. In addition to telephony, modern mobile phones support a variety of other services, such as text messaging, email, Internet access, short-range wireless communications, business applications, gaming, and photography. Cell Phones which offer these and more general computing capabilities are referred to as smartphones. Cell Phones are now a way of life in the generation we live in and call home today, and cell phones have changed and benefited our world. By means of texting , making calls, gaming applications, saving people’s lives , helping people while