The Civil Rights Movement: The Promise of justice
analytical Essay
690 words
The era of the civil Rights movement was the time in America which blacks and other minorities started getting more independence and more equal rights. This movement required several brave leaders and many life changing events in order for America to become the integrated nation that it is today. A lot of protests and boycotts took place they were usually non-violent, which the minorities discovered work best throughout this period in time schools, public places and other everyday places slowly but surely became integrated. One of the first major events that happened was the Brown vs. Board of Education case. Oliver Brown who was an African American had a daughter. The school she attended was far from her house, and in order for her to get there she had to go through an unruly neighborhood. She stated that the neighborhood was uncomfortable to walk through. There was a school right across from her house but since the rule was “Separate but equal is constitutional” she couldn’t attend it because it was a white school. Her father complained and the case was taken to the Supreme Court. The ruling of Plessey vs. Ferguson was overturned and the equal isn’t equal.” After this most schools became integrated. This event was impacted by the Brown vs. Education case. The town of Little Rock Arkansas was one of the most clean, pretty, and quiet cities of the United States in the late fifties. All citizens that had lived there took an abundant amount of pride in their town for its aesthetic atmosphere and peaceful cleanliness. Previous to the events that changed the lives of nine students, as well as, the race relations in America; Little Rock was a town where there was very little tension. “Negroes and whites, for many years had lived si... ... middle of paper ... ...rights movement. After years of attempting to limit the rights of African-Americans, most particular case in the South, Brown v. Board of Education reversed that trend. Throughout the development of American civil rights, the Supreme Court influenced the arguments and the policies that would be pursued by both state and federal laws. Works Cited “Brown v Board of Education.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation Corporation, Nov. 19, 2013. Accessed Nov. 25, 2013. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_v._Board_of_Education "Emmett Till." 2013. The Biography Channel website. Nov 26 2013, 03:23 http://www.biography.com/people/emmett-till-507515. McBride, Alex. “Brown v Board of Education (1954).” Supreme Court History: Expanding Civil Rights. Educational Broadcasting Corporation, 2007. Accessed Nov. 26, 2013. http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/landmark_brown.html
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how the brown vs. education case impacted the lives of nine students in little rock, arkansas. segregation in public schools became outlawed, and central high school started to admit african american students.
- Opines that the way that black people were treated in the south was shameful, and they must have felt as though they were still slaves.
- Analyzes how the supreme court influenced the arguments and policies that would be pursued by both state and federal laws.
- Describes brown v. board of education on wikipedia.
- States mcbride, alex, "brown v board of education (1954)." supreme court history: expanding civil rights. educational broadcasting corporation.
- Explains that the civil rights movement required brave leaders and life changing events in order for america to become the integrated nation that it is today.
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- The African American Civil Rights Movementanalytical essayThe African American civil rights movement was a long journey for African American nationwide. The success involved many people, hardships and time in order to advance the African American community in America. The purpose of the movement was to achieve their rights, cease discrimination, and racial segregation.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the african american civil rights movement was a long journey for african americans nationwide. the purpose was to achieve their rights, cease discrimination, and racial segregation.
- Analyzes how the fourteenth amendment helped african americans fight for their equal rights by proving they were not being treated with equality which was unconstitutional.
- Explains that the african american civil rights movement was a fight to put an end to discrimination, segregation and equal rights for all african americans.
- Explains that rosa parks was an african american woman forced to surrender her seat for a white man. segregation laws required that african americans sit at the back of the bus.
- Analyzes how martin luther king encouraged african americans to be on their best behavior even if white people cursed at them. he helped them fight for what they believed in.
- Explains that the african american civil right movement was becoming more and more successful for equal rights but, it still took many protests and hardships to get to where they wanted to be.
- Explains that martin luther king became the most known civil right leader of his time in 1963. he gave a speech in front of the lincoln memorial during the march on washington.
- Explains that martin luther king was arrested in birmingham, alabama while he was leading supporters of the southern leadership conference. while in jail, king wrote letters that were put into the national press.
- Describes the march on washington, where dr. martin luther king gave his i have a dream speech and advocated for jobs and freedoms for african american people.
- Explains that in 1964, the civil rights bill outlawed discrimination of race, sex, religion or national origin. the laws also ensured eeoc, which is equal employment opportunity commission.
- Explains that the 1965 march on selma alabama was led by martin luther king and southern christian leadership conference to get african americans to register to vote in the southern states.
- Explains that president lyndon johnson called for the protection of voting rights for african americans, which passed the 1965 voting rights act which gave african american the right to vote supported by their 15th amendment.
- Analyzes how malcom x's death challenged the mainstream civil rights movement and integration champions by martin luther king. his autobiography book laid the foundation for the black power movement of 1960s-1970s.
- Explains the black power movement for many african americans during the civil rights movement. the term "black power" was introduced by stokely carmichael in 1966.
- Explains that civil rights were passed, but also had negative aspects. african americans were still defending their rights and themselves from discrimination until the fair housing act of 1968, which still didn’t have an effect on housing segregation.
- Explains that the fair housing act of 1968 was the last of the great civil rights laws that were passed in that time. it protected against discrimination in housing, sales, and financing.
- Concludes that the african american civil rights movement was a success, but it will take time to be fully successful. the hardships and brave african americans who fought for them will forever be remembered as strong heroes.
- Cites "a brief history of jim crow." constitutional rights foundation. n.p., 2014.
1440 wordsRead More - The Role of the Supreme Court in the Civil Rights Movementanalytical essayThe Supreme Court is perhaps most well known for the Brown vs. Board of Education decision in 1954. By declaring that segregation in schools was unconstitutional, Kevern Verney says a ‘direct reversal of the Plessy … ruling’1 58 years earlier was affected. It was Plessy which gave southern states the authority to continue persecuting African-Americans for the next sixty years. The first positive aspect of Brown was was the actual integration of white and black students in schools. Unfortunately, this was not carried out to a suitable degree, with many local authorities feeling no obligation to change the status quo. The Supreme Court did issue a second ruling, the so called Brown 2, in 1955. This forwarded the idea that integration should proceed 'with all deliberate speed', but James T. Patterson tells us even by 1964 ‘only an estimated 1.2% of black children ... attended public schools with white children’2. This demonstrates that, although the Supreme Court was working for Civil Rights, it was still unable to force change. Rathbone agrees, saying the Supreme Court ‘did not do enough to ensure compliance’3. However, Patterson goes on to say that ‘the case did have some impact’4. He explains how the ruling, although often ignored, acted ‘relatively quickly in most of the boarder s...
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes john a. kirk's history toady volume 52 issue 2, the long road to equality for african-americans.
- Opines that the supreme court was important in both suppressing and aiding the civil rights movement. however, decisions taken by the president, the continued white opposition, and improvements in media communications also had an effect.
- Explains that the supreme court is perhaps most well known for the brown vs. board of education decision in 1954, which declared segregation in schools unconstitutional.
- Argues that the supreme court was a force for change, but not without fault, in the later 20th century.
- Argues that civil rights groups were arguably more important in advancing the cause. the supreme court aided them, but matters would never have been voiced without activists.
- Analyzes how the supreme court deliberately hindered civil rights, especially in its earlier rulings, such as plessy v. ferguson.
- Argues that the ku klux klan was successful in preventing white supremacism.
- Concludes that the actions of the supreme court were not the most important factor in determining the progress made in civil rights, although rulings like brown and plessy did have a large impact.
1964 wordsRead More - The Jim Crow Movementanalytical essayThe Civil Rights is a very important time in American history. It all began when the African Americans became free from slavery. African Americans began to protest unjust laws and to promote equal rights. African Americans struggled for racial equality in the 1950’s to 1960’s. After the Civil War many southern states continued to treat African Americans as second class citizens. The Jim Crow Laws was formed to keep Black people separated from white people. The United States Supreme Court struck down segregation in the public schools in 1954. Segregation was every where, African Americans had to drink out of separate water fountains, use separate bathrooms, sit in the back of the bus, and many other things. This put the African American population economically and politically powerless. The movement therefore addressed primarily three areas of discrimination: education, voting rights, and social segregation.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the civil rights movement began when the african americans became free from slavery and began to protest unjust laws and promote equal rights.
- Explains that the jim crow laws created a racial an exclusive social class system in america. the civil rights movement increased in the 1950s when the supreme court stated that segregation in schools was illegal.
- Describes how rosa parks changed the way african american history when she refused to give up her seat to a white passenger.
- Describes rosa parks as the mother of the civil rights movement.
- Explains that martin luther king jr. led many of the most important civil rights protests in the 1950’s and 1960s until his death on april 3 1968.
- Analyzes how martin luther king jr. became the leader of the civil rights movement. he advocated civil disobedience and organized demonstrations, marches and boycotts.
- Explains the results of the civil rights movement made possible for more freedom in the united states during slavery and segregation.
783 wordsRead More - The Little Rock Nineanalytical essaythe civil rights movement dramatically changed the face of the nation and gave a sense of dignity and power to black Americans. Most of all, the millions of Americans who participated in the movement brought about changes that reinforced our nation’s basic constitutional rights for all Americans- black and white, men and women, young and old.
In this essay, the author
- Explains how the supreme court took a step in history with the brown v. board of education of topeka by stating that "separate but equal" has no place in public education.
- Describes how nine african american high school students were the first african-american students to desegregate the all-white central high school. they were selected by their brightness and capability of ignoring threats of the white students.
- Describes how orval faubus was running for reelection and wanted to get the vote of the extreme segregationists. he declared that it would not be possible to restore or maintain order if forcible integration was carried out tomorrow.
- Analyzes how president dwight d. eisenhower met with faubus to make sure that he would do what the federal government ordered. he federalized the national guard and sent the 101st airborne division to protect nine african american students.
- Explains that the soldiers stopped protests outside of central high, but inside the school, racism was still present. white students yelled insults in the halls and during class.
- Narrates how minnijean brown, one of the nine african-american students, was taunted by white students every day. one of them graduated. orval faubus shut down all public schools in little rock to stop integration.
- Explains that the little rock crisis was bigger than integrating a high school. the federal government showed that it was willing to use force against state governments in protecting the rights of african americans.
- Explains that in 1961, the freedom rides forced president kennedy to order the interstate commerce commission to enforce integration of interstate buses and trains and their terminals.
- Compares the situation of james h. meredith, an african-american, who wanted to enroll at the all-white university of mississippi, with the little rock nine crisis.
- Describes how governor george wallace of alabama thought he could be successful against the federal government by preventing two african-american students from entering the university. this stunt caused president kennedy to ask congress for a strong civil rights bill.
- Explains how the federal government helped register african american voters in the south. the southern states tried to defy the federal government by not letting african americans register to vote.
- Explains that little rock started the ripple that led to the change in civil rights for african americans. without federal support, they would have never achieved what they have.
- Explains that the civil rights movement changed the face of the nation and gave a sense of dignity and power to black americans.
1547 wordsRead More - Melba Pattillo Beals', Warriors Don't Cryexplanatory essayIn 1954, the Supreme Court ruled in the case of Brown vs. The Board of Education that schools needed to integrate and provide equal education for all people and it was unconstitutional for the state to deny certain citizens this opportunity. Although this decision was a landmark case and meant the schools could no longer deny admission to a child based solely on the color of their skin. By 1957, most schools had began to slowly integrate their students, but those in the deep south were still trying to fight the decision. One of the most widely known instances of this happening was at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. It took the school district three years to work out an integration plan. The board members and faculty didn't like the fact that they were going to have to teach a group of students that were looked down upon and seen as "inferior" to white students. However, after much opposition, a plan was finally proposed. The plan called for the integration to happen in three phases. First, during the 1957-1958 school year, the senior high school would be integrated, then after completion at the senior high level, the junior high would be integrated, and the elementary levels would follow in due time. Seventeen students were chosen from hundreds of applicants to be the first black teenagers to begin the integration process. The town went into an uproar. Many acts of violence were committed toward the African-Americans in the city. Racism and segregation seemed to be on the rise. Most black students decid...
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how melba pattillo beals describes her reactions to the racial hatred and discrimination she and eight other african-american teenagers received in little rock, arkansas during the desegregation period in 1957.
- Explains that the supreme court ruled that schools needed to integrate and provide equal education for all people and it was unconstitutional for the state to deny certain citizens this opportunity.
- Explains that the state and town passed laws and ordinances as the school year drew near in order to keep the schools from integrating. the state governor refused for the desegregation process to happen without resistance.
- Narrates how the students of central high were surrounded by racists who spat upon them, mocked them and physically beat them. they escaped without injury but the arkansas national guard did nothing.
- Explains that the anti-integration group filed suit against the state because they were afraid for their children and the children of the other white parents because the black students were notorious for forming gangs and causing violence.
- Narrates how minnijean brown was expelled just before christmas because she could not handle the hatred anymore and intentionally dumped a lunch tray on two white boys.
- Narrates how melba beals waited until the supreme court ruling declared governor faubus's bill unconstitutional, forcing him to reopen the schools.
- Describes how the "little rock nine" was an aspiring young woman who dreamed of becoming a prominent member of both the black and white communities.
- Narrates how the students refused to go down without an intense struggle. the naacp organized boycotts against white businesses in little rock.
- Explains that the little rock nine helped the civil rights movement to take off and eventually led to complete integration of all ethnic groups in america.
2530 wordsRead More - Events that Affected United States History after the Civil Warexplanatory essay"History of Brown v. Board of Education." USCOURTSGOV RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2014.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the three civil war amendments to the u.s. constitution did not resolve the civil rights issues in america because african americans continued to experience unequal treatment in their everyday lives.
- Explains that the case of brown v. board of education, city of topeka kansas was one of the most important legal attempts by the naacp that successfully ended segregation in schools.
- Explains the 13th amendment to the u.s. constitution: abolition of slavery (1865).
- Explains that the voting rights act of 1965 was one of the most significant constitutional changes in the relationship between the federal and state governments since the reconstruction period following the civil war.
- Explains dunbar, brian, "what was project mercury?" nasa, 16 dec. 2008. web. 21 apr. 2014.
943 wordsRead More - Brown v Board of Educationanalytical essayThe National Center For Public Research. “Brown v Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954) (USSC+).” Supreme Court of The United States. 1982 .
In this essay, the author
- Explains that brown v. board of education was a supreme court ruling that changed the life of every american forever.
- Describes how linda brown had to walk through a railroad switchyard to get to her black elementary school in topeka, kansas. the naacp wanted to challenge segregation in public schools.
- Explains that the u.s. district court for the district of kansas heard brown's case in 1951. the naacp argued that segregated schools sent the message to black children that they were inferior to whites.
- Analyzes how the browns' request for an injunction pushed the court to make a difficult decision. plessy v. ferguson allowed separate but equal school systems for blacks and whites.
- Explains that brown and the naacp appealed to the supreme court on october 1, 1951. their case was combined with other cases that challenged school segregation in south carolina, virginia, and delaware.
- Analyzes how the supreme court's ruling that outlawed school segregation in the united states generated urgent news flashes on the radio and frenzied black.
- Opines that the supreme court decision is the greatest victory for the negro people since the emancipation proclamation.
- Explains that the southern states had hunkered down in a massive resistance campaign against school integration. some southern counties closed their schools instead of allowing blacks and whites into the same classrooms.
- Explains that president eisenhower had to send troops from the 101st airborne into little rock just to get nine black children safely into central high school. in the 1960s, large-scale school integration began in southern public schools.
- Explains that the harvard report concludes that school integration in the united states is "lower in 2000 than in 1970, before busing for racial balance began."
- Analyzes how the brown v board of education decision changed america. segregated housing patterns and an increase in black and hispanic immigrants have concentrated minorities in poverty-stricken areas of big cities.
- Explains that the federal government lent its power to enforcing the laws of segregation under an 1896 supreme court ruling that permitted "separate but equal" treatment of blacks and whites.
- Explains that after the supreme court ruled that segregation in public schools was a violation of the constitution, the federal attitude toward enforcing second-class citizenship for blacks shifted.
- Describes how the change in the attitude of federal officials created a wave of anticipation among black people, who became alert to the possibility of achieving racial equality.
- Explains that black americans were taking full advantage of the brown v board of education decision and stood like rosa parks. this change in black and white attitudes toward race also had an impact on culture.
- Explains that white support for equal rights led to the supreme court's 1978 decision in the university of california v bakke case, which outlawed the use of quotas.
- Opines that the most important legacy of the brown v board of education decision is the growth of an educated black middle class.
- Opines that brown v board of education is the "big bang" of american history in the 20th century.
- Analyzes how brown v board of education matters to all americans. brown cronicles, 2003. patterson, james.
2329 wordsRead More - Success and Failure of the Civil Rights Movementanalytical essayThe Civil Rights Movement had a lot going on between 1954 and 1964. While there were some successful aspects of the movement, there were some failures as well. The mixture of successes and failures led to the extension of the movement and eventually a more equal American society.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the civil rights movement had a lot going on between 1954 and 1964. the mixture of successes and failures led to an equal american society.
- Explains that the civil rights movement's success began with brown vs. the board of education of topeka kansas ruled that segregation in public education was unfair, followed by rosa parks and martin luther king jr.
- Describes how the little rock nine, a group of nine black high school students, were the first to integrate into an all-white school in arkansas. the student nonviolent coordinating committee was formed in favor of youth and inspired by the sclc.
- Explains how emmett till's open casket and the practices of "bull" connor in birmingham conjured up sympathy for the civil rights movement worldwide.
- Explains the failures of the civil rights movement, such as the judicial system, which kept de jure segregation and allowed murders.
- Analyzes how the albany movement proved that the non-violent nature of the movement was not foolproof.
- Opines that while there seemed to be more successes than failures in the civil rights movement due to the positive changes that have occurred from then to now, the movement was not completely victorious.
1574 wordsRead More - The Civil Rights Movementanalytical essayDuring the civil rights movement, individuals including African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Native Americans, American youth and women along with civil rights organizations challenged segregation and discrimination with a variety of activities, including protest marches, boycotts, and refusal to abide by segregation laws.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that during the civil rights movement, individuals including african americans, hispanic americans and native americans challenged segregation and discrimination with protest marches and boycotts.
- Explains that african americans wanted to end segregation and bring about equal opportunities for all. the 1960s saw an increase in organized efforts to strengthen the right of individuals.
- Explains that the struggle for civil rights has not been confined to blacks, hispanic americans, and women. in the 1960s american indians suffered more than any other minority group.
- Analyzes how the agitation for equal opportunity sparked other forms of upheaval. young people rejected the stable patterns of middle-class life their parents had created in the decades after world war ii.
- Explains that the women's movement of the 1960s and 1970s drew inspiration from the civil rights movement.
- Explains that during the civil rights movement, african americans, hispanics, native americans and american youth and women challenged segregation and discrimination with protest marches and boycotts.
- Explains how the selma march created broad national support for a law to protect southern blacks' right to vote and martin luther king, jr., began to focus on poverty and racial inequality in the north.
1573 wordsRead More - The Impact Of The Civil Rights Movementexplanatory essayThe 50s, 60s, and 70s was a harsh time in the American society. Roles and characters were continuously being changed. Events, like the war, produced disorder in the lives of many Americans, and everyone was rushing around to find his or her place in society. The same was greatly true for the blacks in America. No general movement had a more insightful result on the lives of Black Americans than did the Civil Rights Movement. The rank of Black Americans would be redefined to a radical step. Civil rights leaders including Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X would bring the foundation to the national stage. Although the movement was overwhelmed with violence and death, it was ultimately effective. The South was completely changed to where all men are truly created equal (“The Civil Rights Movement”). The civil rights movement was the time in America in which blacks and other minorities started getting more freedom and more equal rights. This movement required numerous brave leaders and many life changing actions occurred in order for America to become the united nation that it is today. Protests and boycotts took place almost every day. Some were violent and others were not. Throughout this period in time, civil rights leaders inspired many other African Americans to protest for their freedom and their rights to be able to do the same activities and obtain the same conduct as the White American (Doby). In an interview conducted with Johnny Duncan, we both came to the conclusion of all levels of schooling, public transportation, and other every day places slowly, but surely, became integrated thanks to the specific movements that happened during this time.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the civil rights movement had a more insightful result on the lives of blacks in america. it was overwhelmed with violence and death, but ultimately effective.
- Describes the montgomery bus boycott, which allowed for buses to be integrated and black people were allowed to drive buses.
- Explains that the first time the court system became integrated was after the hernandez v. texas case in 1954.
- Opines that the civil rights movement was absolutely important to america's growing as a nation.
- Narrates how the little rock nine were the first black teenagers to attend all-white central high school in 1957.
1125 wordsRead More