This put the African American population economically and politically powerless. The movement therefore addressed primarily three areas of discrimination: education, voting rights, and social segregation. The Jim Crow Laws passed in the south that kept black people separate from white people. This law caused social segregation in schools, restaurants, restrooms, and transportation. Also African Americans were not allowed to go to beaches, swimming pools, parks, and many hospitals.
Many people such as Ned Cobb and Barbara Johns rose up against the laws in order to claim the right of equality among all African Americans. Following the end of the Civil War, an effort by the federal government was made to rebuild the economy of the South. This was called the Reconstruction era which took place in the 1970s. When Reconstruction ended in 1877, the Southerners began to p... ... middle of paper ... ...fin speak. Eugene was the presidential candidate of the Prohibition Party (“Race Riots and”).
Around 1876, Jim Crow Laws came into effect and demonstrated a system of segregation which separated the blacks and whites, primarily in public facilit... ... middle of paper ... ...ivil Rights Movement, a large social movement, paved the way for changes in black freedom and how the blacks would be viewed. Many whites grew more hostile towards the African Americans because they had been granted their freedom. People who were once viewed as only a piece of property, now had rights under the law, making them equal to the people who once owned them. The Civil Rights Movement was a fight between both races to see who was the stronger race and if the whites would be able to maintain their power. The whites had everything under control until the blacks began to realize as a citizen, they had rights as well.
After the Jim Crow laws went into effect and in order to that the beginning of segregation, African American started a movement, known was Civil Rights Movement against this racial injustice. “By 1900, southern whites had accomplished the disfranchisement (exclusion from voting) of most southern blacks” (Sonia Benson, Daniel E. Brannen Jr., Rebecca Valentine). But that was only the beginning. In order to the segregation laws, African Americans had to go to different schools, use different bathrooms and public facilities in general. Even though it was supposed to be “separate but equal”, that did not apply in many cases.
Since African American were kept out of society for more than 200 years, it was hard for whites to accepted blacks as equal people. Southern states passed the Black Codes, which restricted African Americans freedom. The point of the codes was to reduce influence of free blacks which were granted some rights during the Presidential Reconstruction, to prevent them from voting, bearing arms, be together to worship and learning to read and write. They also imposed restrictions on black citizenship to be able to still control labor of blacks. Another factor which made it harder for freed slaves to enter the society was the Ku Klux Klan organization, which can be described as “Original American Terrorist Organizations”.
Beginning with the 'black codes' established by President Johnson's reconstruction plan, blacks were required to have a curfew as well as carry identification. Labor contracts established under Johnson's Reconstruction even bound the 'freedmen' to their respective plantations. A few years later, another set of laws known as the 'Jim Crow' laws directly undermined the status of blacks by placing unfair restrictions on everything from voting rights all the way to the segregation of water fountains. Besides these restrictions, the blacks had to deal with the Democratic Party whose northern wing even denounced racial equality. As a result of democratic hostility and the Republican Party's support of Black suffrage, freedmen greatly supported the Republican Party.
The civil rights movement was a mass widespread movement to arise for African Americans fighting for their equal rights. “In federal courts and in cities throughout the South, African Americans struggled to eradicate the system of racial segregation that denied them dignity, opportunity, and equal protection under the law” (Ayers, Gould, Oshinsky, Soderlund, p. 740). Segregation laws being endorsed were recognized as Jim Crow. Affecting the lives of masses of people, Jim Crow, was entitled after a stereotype song during the 19th century. All over America, states were enforcing segregation with laws, such as, in North Carolina, were books were not be interchangeable among the white and colored schools, however, may well be continued to be used by the race first using them; all marriages between whites and Negros are prohibited and declared entirely illegal in states like Missouri, Florida and Maryland; and no nurse should be placed in a room that a negro men is placed in, Alabama.
At this time, and still to this day, he is the youngest person ever to have this award bestowed upon him (260). The next year, on March 21st, Dr. King and three thousand protestors began the march to Selma, Alabama (260). Five days later they completed their goal and fought for their rights. Their efforts were validated when President Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act into law, which banned literacy tests, allowed the federal government to oversee voting sights, and authorized the investigation of poll taxes (“Voting Rights Act of 1965”). Dr. King’s final victory in his era of revolution was the Civil Rights Act of 1968 (also known as the Fair Housing Act) (Ayers 265).
Segregation is the use of separate facilities, one for the whites and one for the blacks. The second part of the Jim Crow Policy was the taking away of the freed slaves’ political rights. A few examples of this are poll taxes, Literacy tests, and the grandfather clause. The southern congress knew that all most all of the freed slaves were poor. Making everyone pay a poll tax to vote would eliminated most of the blacks chances on voting.
Jim Crow Laws Jim Crow laws are laws which were meant to segregate whites from blacks and to prohibit blacks from obtaining the same social status as whites. Jim Crow laws were in effect for nearly a century, from around 1875 to approximately 1964. These laws were primarily used in South but were also loosely used in the North. These laws came from the post war South where racial stresses were still high. With the passing of these laws came violence and aggression for those, for and against these laws.